They are Ig-class specific and determine the proterties and functions of each class of immunoglobulin

Classes: IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD

it has a constant and a variable.

The constant binds to a specific receptor on segs or machrophages

The variable is part of a custom-tailored to bind to its specific antigen

It's the largest in size and stays in the plasma because it is too big to cross cell membranes; it neutralizes microorganisms and fixes complement (lyses cells)

It's the first Ig to appear after immunization and major Ig produced in immune response

It's the smallest in size but the greatest quantity.

It mediates many systmic infection and produced in small amounts upon initial immunization.  Production increases on re-exposure to the antigen.

Can bind to macs, segs, eos, and lymphs and acts on an opsonin to coat the bacteria and make it easier for it to be phagocytized; fixes complement

It's a major immunoglobulin found in external secretions of the body and helps to protect the intestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts.

It's not digested in the GI tract because it contains an extra piece of protectiveness

-DOES NOT fix complement

It's present in trace amounts in serum and is locally attached to mast cells; mediates allergic reactions in tissues and over release of it may lead to anaphylactic shock.

DOES NOT fix complement

It's found on B cell surfaces and functions as a receptor for antigens

DOES NOT fix complement

1. Antigen effects cells of the immune system, identifies it as being foreign.

2. Antigen needs to be presented to a B-Cell by an APC (antigen presenting cell --MACROPHAGE)

3. B-cell responds denting on it's interaction with Assorted Tcells.

4. It's then mediate by receptors on the surfaces of the antigen and then the bcells are activated into plasma cells

5. Plasma cells than produce specific antibodies

1. First response to antigen results in IgM production within 48-72 hours

2. The initial IgG production follows and is temporary

3. Second exposure of IgG is more stronger and occurs within 24-48hours and persists much longer

4. Be cell is stimulated by antigen to proliferate and some mature into plasma cells which product antibodies

5. On re-exposure to the same antigen, the B cell clones proliferate and produce more plasma cells, more memory cells, and more antibodies

Ag-Ab bind together by chemical or physical bond

Can involve: Single, multiple Ag-Ab pairs

1. Small xomplexes may remain soluble (stay in blood)

2. Small complexes may attach to RBCs or endothelial cells

3. Small complexes may filter through capillary walls into tissue or urine.

4. Large Complexes are phagocytized in the liver and spleen by fixed macrophages

Then the Ab becomes bound the the cell membrane and the antibodies to RBCs coat the surface and causes two possible reactions:

Agglutination

Lysis