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Meninges and the Brain
N/A
44
Anatomy
Graduate
01/04/2012

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Cards

Term
The meninges develop from what two primary layers?
Definition
Neural crest, mesoderm
Term
At what stage of gestation does a primitive single layer surround the nervous system?
Definition
20-35 days
Term
The primitive layer of the meninges separates into what layers?
Definition
Ectomeninx and endomeninx
Term
The ectomeninx forms what?
Definition
Dura
Term
The endomeninx forms what?
Definition
Pia and arachnoid
Term
At what stage of development does the meninges generally have an adult pattern?
Definition
End of first trimester
Term
A developmental defect associated with the formation of the meninges often associated with spina bifida, most often in the lumbar area, is known as what?
Definition
Congenital dermal sinus
Term
What is the cause of a congenital dermal sinus?
Definition
Extoderm fails to completely dissociate from neuroectoderm
Term
Adult meninges consists of what three layers from the skull inward?
Definition
Dura mater (aka pachymeninx), arachnoid mater, pia mater (leptomeninges)
Term
Where are all three meningeal layers continuous?
Definition
Between brain and spinal cord
Term
The ectomeninx around the brain stays attached to what?
Definition
Periosteal connective tissue
Term
The ectomeninx consists of what two layers?
Definition
Periosteal dura (outer) and meningeal dura (inner)
Term
What is formed when the ectomeninx separates from the vertebral periosteum during development?
Definition
Epidural space
Term
The epidural space is a space between the vertebral periosteum and what?
Definition
Meningeal dura
Term
What attaches the dura to the arachnoid?
Definition
Dural border cells
Term
What separates the arachnoid mater from the pia?
Definition
Subarachnoid space (except between the brain and spinal cord)
Term
The thin connective tissue stands that connect the arachnoid matter with the pia are known as what?
Definition
Arachnoid trabeculae
Term
What are the two primary layers of the dura mater?
Definition
Periosteal and meningeal
Term
What is the secondary layer of the dura mater?
Definition
Dural border cell region
Term
The periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater is composed of large amounts of what substance?
Definition
Collagen
Term
Areas in which the meningeal portion of the dura fold inward to separate the cranial cavity into compartments are known as what?
Definition
Dural Septa
Term
The primary dural septa that lies in the longitudinal fissure is known as what?
Definition
Falx cerebri
Term
The falx cerebi attaches anteriorly to what?
Definition
Crista gali
Term
The falx cerebri attaches posteriorly to what?
Definition
Tentorium cerebelli
Term
The tentorium cerebelli lies where? 
Definition
Transverse fissure
Term
The tentorium cerebelli connects anteriorly to what?
Definition
Anterior clinoid processes
Term
What forms the roof of the hyophyseal fossa encircling the infundibulum?
Definition
Diaphragma sella
Term
What are the compartments formed by the dural septi?
Definition
Lateral supratentorial compartments, infratentorial compartment
Term
The falx cerebri separates what compartments?
Definition
Lateral supratentorial compartments
Term
The tentorium cerebelli borders what compartment?
Definition
Infratentorial compartment
Term
Separation of the meningeal and periosteal dura at junctions within the skull and the joining of two layers of meningeal dura at the free edges of dura septa form what?
Definition
Dural sinuses
Term
Where does the blood supply of the cranial dura originate?
Definition
Internal carotid artery
Term
Blood vessels that supply the cranial dura run between the periosteal dura and what?
Definition
Periosteum
Term
A subdural hematoma occurs between what?
Definition
Meningal dura and arachnoid mater
Term
The trigeminal nerve innervate what parts of the dura?
Definition
Anterior and middle cranial fossa
Term
The dura of the posterior fossa is innervated by what?
Definition
C2-3 (C1 if present), some vagus
Term
The tentorium is supplied by the tentorial nerve which is a branch of what?
Definition
CN V (opthalmic nerve)
Term
A irritation or infection of the dura above the tentorium will refer pain to the face through what nerve?
Definition
Trigeminal nerve
Term
Pain referred to the back of the head via cranial nerves is caused by irritation of what?
Definition
Infratentorial dura
Term
There is some evidence that may imply a link between muscle tension headaches causing what?
Definition
Dural stimulation
Term
The dural border cell layer lacks a dense connective tissue  matrix, forming a plane of weakness that is succeptible to what?
Definition
Subdural hematoma
Term
What are the two primary parts of the arachnoid mater?
Definition
Arachnoid barrier and arachnoid trabecule
Term
The layer of cells containing tight junctions that from a barrier to the diffusion of cerebral spinal fluid from the subarachnoid space is called what?
Definition
Arachnoid barrier
Term
What suspends the brain in the subarachnoid space?
Definition
Arachnoid trabecule
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