Term
| Parts of the Central Nervous System (CNS) |
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Definition
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Term
| Parts of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
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Definition
| 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves |
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| network of intersecting nerves |
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| This layer contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
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Definition
| cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, brainstem |
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| connection point between the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum |
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| sudden headaches which include throbbing, sharp pain, nausea, light sens, more sever on one side |
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| headaches with concentrated pain on one side, very painful; occur more than once a day for weeks-months |
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Definition
| congenital hernia of brain through gap in skull |
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| congenital hernia of the meninges through defect in skull or spinal column |
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| increased amounts of CSF in ventricles |
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| inflam of meninges of brain/spinal cord |
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Definition
| group of disorders asso. w/ degenerative brain changes; causes memory loss, impaired cognition, personality change |
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Definition
| inflam of brain; caused by viral infec or as sequel to other diseases |
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Definition
| often fatal; affects mainly brain and liver;usually occurs when recovering from viral infec; persistent vomiting, listlessness, disorientation |
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Definition
| chronic degener CNS disease loss of muscle control due to low levels of dopamine; tremors, rigidity, slow/shuffling gait |
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| lockjaw; acute pot fatal; affects CNS; acquired deep wound |
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Definition
| partial or total inability to recall past; caused by brain injury, illness, psych disturbance |
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| violent jarring of the brain; may cause temp loss of awareness/function |
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| bruising of brain. result of injury or brain swelling |
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| collection of blood trapped in the tissues of brain |
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| fainting, due to decreased blood flow to brain |
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| low levels of consciousness |
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Definition
| impaired awareness, mind and senses are dulled to stimuli |
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Definition
| deep state of unconscious; no spontaneous eye movt, no response to pain, no speaking |
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| Persistent vegetative state |
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Definition
| type of coma, pt goes through cycles of waking and sleeping, pt is unconscious even though it seems otherwise |
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Definition
| potentially reversible acute state asso. w/ high fever, intoxication, or shock |
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Definition
| slow decline in mental abilities-thinking, judgment, personality change |
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| degen neurological disease most common in CNS complication of HIV |
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| abnormal growth in the brain; either benign or malignant |
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| amount of pressure w/i skull. elevation can be caused by tumor or improper CSF drainage |
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Definition
| stroke; damage to brain b/c a vessel has ruptured or is blocked |
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Definition
| common type of stroke in elderly caused by blocked blood flow to brain b/c of narrowing of carotid artery or cerebral thrombosis |
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Definition
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| Transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
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Definition
| temp interruption of blood to brain, passes within and hour, warning sign |
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Definition
| loss of ability to speak, write, or comprehend either of the two; often caused by stroke |
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Definition
| a bleed; stroke that occurs when a vessel leaks or ruptures; sometimes due to aneurysm; often fatal |
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Definition
| prolonged inability to sleep; usually symptom of depression, pain, too much caffeine, etc. |
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| sleep disorder consistently falling asleep during daytime |
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| occurs w/ narcolepsy; pt falls to ground consciously b/c of emotional stimuli |
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| Somnambulism/Noctambulism |
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Definition
| sleepwalking; walking or doing other things without walking |
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| unnatural sleepiness approaching coma; can usually be aroused by verbal stimuli |
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Definition
| inflam of spinal cord; also inflam of bone marrow |
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| tumor of spinal cord; also proliferation of bone marrow tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| viral infect that can cause inflam of brain and spinal cord resulting in paralysis |
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| pinched nerve; inflam of a root of a spinal nerve |
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| nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve root in the neck region |
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| nerve pain in low back caused by muscle spasm or nerve root irritation from compressed vert disks (herniated disk) |
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Definition
| autoimmune; scattered patches of nerves in brain in spinal cord loose their myelin sheath |
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Term
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
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Definition
| Lou Gehrig's disease; motor neurons degenerate until pt is paralyzed. eye movt, intellect, bladder func and senses are spared |
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Term
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Definition
| temp one-sided facial paralysis (7th cranial nerve); can cause drooling sound sensitivity, tearing, inability to close eye, pain |
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Term
| Guillain-Barre syndrome/infectious polyneuritis |
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Definition
| inflam of myelin of perif nerves rapid weakness - temp paralysis; autoimmune occus after viral infect or immunization |
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Definition
| inflam of sciatic nerve causes pain burning and tingling |
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| Tic douloureux/trigeminal neuralgia |
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Definition
| inflam of 5th cranial, sudden pain on one side of face (lips, cheeks, gums) |
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Definition
| condition char poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, etc due to damage to cerebrum |
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| group of neuro disorders char by recurrent seizures |
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| electrical disturbances in brain caused by extreme high fever, brain injury or lesion |
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| most severe form of epilepsy; generalized seizures-loss of conscious, sudden violent contract of muscles |
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| absence epilepsy; mild form; partial seizures-brief loss of conscious |
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| a manifestation (smell/light) right before a seizure occurs |
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| severe, persistent pain following sensory nerve injurt |
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Term
Complex regional pain syndrome or
Reflex symathetic dystrophy syndrome |
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Definition
| type of causalgia caused by injury to sens nerve or to a body part. doesn't help normally |
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| excessive sensitivity to stimuli |
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| abnormal sensation (burning, prickling) in extremities caused by a multitide of factors |
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Definition
| temp tingling caused by accidental pressure on a nerve |
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Term
Peripheral neuropathy or
peripheral neuritis |
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Definition
| pain in hands and feet due to peripheral nerve damage; caused by chemo, or disease |
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Term
| Magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography |
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Definition
| used to create images and aid in exam of brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| ultrasound of carotid artery performed to check for ischemic stroke |
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Definition
| process of recording electrical activity of the brain |
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| ultrasound of brain to detect a shift if midline structures |
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Definition
| rad study of the spinal cord after a contrast medium has been injected into lumbar puncture |
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Term
| Lumbar puncture/spinal tap |
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Definition
| taking sample of CSF from subarachnoid space of lumbar region to determine disease, injury or infection |
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Term
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Definition
| determined by observing a pt reaction to stimuli |
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Term
| Transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation (TENS) |
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Definition
| application of elec impulses to nerve endings to control pain |
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Term
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Definition
| performed through unbroken skin |
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Term
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Definition
| med that relieves pain but doesn't affect consciousness |
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Term
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Definition
| meds used for mild to moderate pain, ex. aspirin |
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Term
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Definition
| meds used for severe pain may be habit forming ex. morphine, demerol, codine |
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Term
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Definition
| meds that depress CNS produce calm, slowed response NOT sleep |
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Definition
| meds to depress CNS and produces sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| class of drugs that calm/depress CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| is a barbiturate used as sedative and hypnotic |
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Definition
| is a barbiturate used as a sedative and anticonvulsant |
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Definition
| prevents seizures and convulsions |
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Definition
| absence of normal sensation & pain. induced by an anesthetic |
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Term
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Definition
| meds used to induce anesthesia. topical, local, regional, general |
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Definition
| causes loss of sensation in limited area |
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Definition
| temp interruption of nerve conduction by injecting near nerve |
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Definition
| regional anesth, local is injected into epidural space in lumbar or sacral |
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Term
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Definition
| anesth produced by injecting into the subarachnoid space |
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Term
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Definition
| total loss of body sensation and consciousness admin by inhalation or IV |
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Term
| Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or electroshock therapy |
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Definition
| treats mental disorders & depress. controlled convulsion produced by elec currents through the brain |
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Definition
| surg removal of part of brain to treat cancer, seizures |
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Definition
| surg incision to thalamus; treats parkinson's/psychotic disorders/intractable pain |
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Definition
| incurable or resistant to therapy |
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Definition
| surg repair of nerve or nerves |
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Definition
| surg suturing together the ends of severed nervs |
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Term
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Definition
| surg incision or dissection of nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| below average intell and limited func |
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Definition
| group of disorders in which children dont devel normal socially, poor comm, repetitive routines |
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Term
| Asperger's disorder/syndrome |
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Definition
| subgroup of Autism; very intell but doesn't func well socially |
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Term
| Attention deficit disorder (ADD) |
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Definition
| short attention span, impulsive behavior |
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| Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
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Definition
| consistent high levels of activity |
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| Dyslexia/developmental reading disorder |
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Definition
| learning disability char by poor reading b/c the brain cannot process symbols |
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Definition
| addictive use of tobacco, alcohol, meds, or illegal drus. causes impaired func |
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Definition
| acute organic brain syndrome due to alcohol withdrawal. sweating, tremors, anxiety, etc |
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Term
| Types of psychotic disorders |
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Definition
| schizophrenia, delusion, hallucination, catatonic behavior |
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Definition
| char by the loss of contact with reality and deterioration or normal social func |
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Definition
| psychotic disorder char by 2: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior |
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Definition
| false personal belief that is maintained despite proof against it |
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| a perception that is not real |
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| marked by stupor, lack of responsiveness, fixed posture |
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Definition
| occurs when normal thought is separate from consciousness |
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| Dissociated identity disorder/multi personalities |
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Definition
| mental illness; two personalities within one person |
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| pt is unable to recall info from a traumatic time |
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| mood disorder. char sadness, loss of interest, thoughts of suicide |
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| Seasonal affective disorder |
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Definition
| seasonal depression asso. w/ decreased sunlight |
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Definition
| distinct period of persistently elevated expansive or irritable mood |
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Definition
| period of at least 2 wks where there is depression or loss of interest |
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| char by manic or hypomanic episode alternating with depressive episodes |
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| Dysthymia/Dysthymic Disorder |
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Definition
| chronic depression present 50% of the time for more than 2 years |
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