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Medical Terminology
Chapter 4
66
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
01/23/2008

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Term
bi-
Definition
two, twice, double
Term
-cele
Definition
hernia, tumor, swelling
Term
my/o
myos/o
Definition
muscles
Term
fasci/o
Definition
fascia
Term
ten/o
tend/o
tendin/o
Definition
tendons
Term
muscle fibers
Definition
long slender cells, each muscle is a group of fivers bound together by connective tissue and enclosed in fibrous sheath
Term
fascia
Definition
sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and seperates muscles
Term
tendons
Definition
attach bone to muscle
Term
aponeurosis
Definition
flat fibrous sheet of connective tissue attaching muscle to bone or to other tissues
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
attaches bones to skeleton, striated, voluntary
Term
smooth
Definition
in walls of internal organs, controls flow of fluids, unstriated, involuntary
Term
cardiac
Definition
myocardial muscle, specialized, contracts and relaxes to cause heart beat
Term
antagonistic muscle pairs
Definition
work in opposition
Term
contraction
Definition
tightening of muscles
Term
relaxation
Definition
muscle returns to original form
Term
muscle innervation
Definition
muscle stimulated by impulses transmitted via motor nerve
Term
fascitis
Definition
inflammation of fascia
Term
tenodynia
Definition
pain in the tendon
Term
adhesion
Definition
fibrous tissue holding structures together abnormally
Term
physiatrist
Definition
physician who deals with rehab
Term
atrophy
Definition
lacking development
Term
polymtositis
Definition
inflammation of many muscles
Term
myocele
Definition
hernia-tumor-swelling of muscle
Term
myofascial damage
Definition
injury due to overworking muscles and fascia with tenderness and swelling
Term
intermittent claudication
Definition
state of limping during exercise that is releived with rest
Term
atonic
Definition
lacking tone
Term
dystonia
Definition
abnormal or bad tone
Term
hypertonia
Definition
excessive tone
Term
ataxia
Definition
not able to coordinate muscles
Term
contracture
Definition
abnormal shortening of muscles that causes constant contraction of muscle
Term
spasmodic torticollis
Definition
stiff neck
Term
wryneck
Definition
stiff neck
Term
bradykinesia
Definition
slow movement
Term
hypokinesia
Definition
decreased (deficient) movement
Term
tardive dyskinesia
Definition
adverse drug effect that causes abnormal movements that they can't control
Term
myoclonus
Definition
muscle spasm/twitching
Term
singultus
Definition
hiccups
myoclonus of diaphram
Term
myasthenia
(MG)
Definition
autoimmune disorder with neuromuscular cause of muscle weakness-eye, eyelid, chewing, swallowing, coughing, expression
Term
Muscular dystrophy
(MD)
Definition
inherited muscle weakness disorder w/o nerve involvement
Term
fibromyalgia
Definition
fibrous connective tissue muscle pain
Term
impingement syndrome
Definition
tendons caught within narrow space between bones within the shoulder joint
Term
myoparesis
Definition
muscle weakness (incomplete paralysis)
Term
hemiparesis
Definition
half of body is paralyzed
Term
paraplegia
Definition
paralysis of both legs and lower body
Term
quadriplegia
Definition
paralysis of all four extremeties
Term
electromyography
Definition
recording muscle movement from electricity
Term
electroneuromyography
Definition
recording movement of muscles due to innervation
Term
DTR
Definition
Deep tendon reflex
(knee reflex)
Term
ROM
Definition
range of motion
Term
fasciotomy
Definition
surgical incision in fascia
Term
fascioplasty
Definition
surgical repair of fascia
Term
tenectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a tendon
Term
tenolysis
Definition
surgically set free a tendon
Term
tenorrhaphy
Definition
suture a tendon
Term
myectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a muscle
Term
myoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a muscle
Term
ADL
Definition
activities of daily living
Term
DTR
Definition
deep tendon reflex
Term
EMG
Definition
electromyography
Term
MD
Definition
muscular dystrophy
Term
MG
Definition
myasthenia gravis
Term
PT
Definition
physical therapy
Term
quad
Definition
quadriplegia
Term
ROM
Definition
range of motion
Term
SCI
Definition
spinal cord injury
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