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Medical Review Test
9-3-09
155
Anatomy
10th Grade
09/03/2009

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Cards

Term
Substance in rbc that carries oxygen and gives blood its color
Definition
Hemoglobin
Term
protection against disease or condition
Definition
immunity
Term
process of supplying cells with oxygen and removing c2o from them
Definition
respiration
Term
process of physically and chemically breaking down food so it can be absorbed by the cells
Definition
digestion
Term
burning of food for heat and energy by the cells
Definition
metabolism
Term
blood vessel that carries blood away from heart
Definition
artery
Term
involentary muscle contractions in digestive system that move food through alimentary canal
Definition
peristalis
Term
organs working together to perform a certain function
Definition
system
Term
basic unit of body structure
Definition
cell
Term
groups of tissues with the same function
Definition
organ
Term
tiny blood vessel
Definition
capillary
Term
group of cells with simular function
Definition
tissue
Term
process by which theh lining of the uterus breaksup and is discharged from body through the vagina
Definition
menstation
Term
chemical substance secreted by glands into the bloodstream
Definition
horomone
Term
blood vessel that carries blood to the heart
Definition
vein
Term
basic unit of body structure
Definition
cell
Term
control center of cell
Definition
nucleus
Term
genes control..
Definition
physical and chemical traits inherited by children
Term
anchors connects and supports other body tissues
Definition
connective tissue
Term
living cells of the epidermis contain...
Definition
pigment that gives skin color
Term
sweat glands help...
Definition
the body regulate temp
Term
long bones
Definition
bear weight of body
Term
blood cells are manufactured in
Definition
bone marrow
Term
joints move smoothly because
Definition
synovial fluid
Term
joint that moves in all directions
Definition
ball and socket
Term
volentary mucsles are...
Definition
attatched to bones
Term
mucsles produce heat by
Definition
contracting
Term
the central nervous system consists of...
Definition
brain and spinal column
Term
medulla controls..
Definition
heart rate breathing blood vessel size and swallowing
Term
cerebral spinal fluid
Definition
cushions shocks that could injure structures of brain and spianl cord
Term
ranial nerves conduct impulses between
Definition
brain and head neck chest and abdomen
Term
we u are frightened the
Definition
sympathetic nervous system is stimulated
Term
recptors for vision and nerve fibers of the optic nerve are found in the
Definition
retina
Term
what structure in the ear is inviolved in balance?
Definition
semicircular canals
Term
hemoglobin in rbc gives blood its red color and carries
Definition
oxygen
Term
rbc live for
Definition
3 or 4 months
Term
wbc do what?
Definition
protect body against infection
Term
left atrium of heart
Definition
recieves blood from lungs
Term
arteries
Definition
caryy blood away from heart
Term
in lungs oxygen and c2o are exchanged
Definition
between alveoliand capillaries
Term
lungs are protected by
Definition
the bony framework of ribs sternum and vertebre
Term
food is moved through the alimentary canal by
Definition
peristalis
Term
water is absorbed from chyme in the
Definition
stomch
Term
digested food is absorbed through tiny projections called...
Definition
villi
Term
function of the urinary system
Definition
remove waiste products from blood
Term
bladder contains about ... when a person feels the need to urinate
Definition
250ml of urine
Term
testosterone is needed for
Definition
male secondary sex charactoristics
Term
prostate gland lies
Definition
just below the bladder
Term
oies secrete progesterone and
Definition
estrogen
Term
when an ovum is released from an ovary it firsts travels through the
Definition
fallopian tubes
Term
menstration occurs when
Definition
the endometrium breaks up
Term
fertilized cell implants in the
Definition
endometrium
Term
too little insulin produced in the pancreas is called
Definition
diabetes mellitus
Term
when antigens enter the body theyre attacked by
Definition
antibodies
Term
connective tissue at end of long bones
Definition
cartilage
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
striated muscle
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
striated muscle
Term
membrane that covers bone
Definition
periosteum
Term
connects muscle to bone
Definition
tendon
Term
point where two or more bones meet
Definition
joint
Term
heart muscle
Definition
cardiac muscle
Term
involentary muscle
Definition
smooth muscle
Term
acts as a lubrcantso teh joint can move smoothly
Definition
synovial fluid
Term
contains eustchian tubes and ossicles
Definition
middle ear
Term
has 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves
Definition
cerebral cortex
Term
white of eye
Definition
sclera
Term
outside of cerebrum and controls highest function of the brain
Definition
periphrial nervous system
Term
inner layer of eye;receptors for vision are contained here
Definition
retina
Term
controls involentary muscles heart beat blood pressure and other functions
Definition
autonomic nervous system
Term
light enters eye through structure
Definition
cornea
Term
contains midbrain pons and medulla
Definition
brainstem
Term
waxy substance secreted in auditory canal
Definition
cerumen
Term
contains semicircular canal and cochlea
Definition
inner ear
Term
liquid part of blood
Definition
plasma
Term
thin sac covering the heart
Definition
pericardium
Term
very thin blood vessel
Definition
capillary
Term
substance in blood that picks up oxygen
Definition
hemoglobin
Term
thick muscular portion of the heart
Definition
myocardium
Term
platelet neccisary for clotting
Definition
thrombocyte
Term
membrane lining inner surfaceof heart
Definition
endocardium
Term
air passes from larynx into this structure
Definition
trachea
Term
2layered sac that covers the lungs
Definition
pleura
Term
piece of cartilage that acts like a lid over that larynx
Definition
epiglottis
Term
seperates the lungs from the abdominal cavity
Definition
diaphragm
Term
voice box
Definition
laynx
Term
small branch that divides from the bronchus
Definition
bronchiole
Term
tiny 1 cell air sac
Definition
alveolus
Term
structure that adds more digestive juices to chyme
Definition
duodenum
Term
semiliquid food mixture formed in stomch
Definition
chyme
Term
portion of GI trac that absorbs food
Definition
jejunum
Term
stores bile
Definition
gallbladder
Term
portion of GI trac that absorbs water
Definition
colon
Term
produces bile
Definition
liver
Term
moistens food particles in the mouth
Definition
saliva
Term
produces digestive juices
Definition
pancreas
Term
basic working unit of the kidney
Definition
nephron
Term
bean shaped structure that produces urine
Definition
kidney
Term
cluster of capilllaries in Bowman's capsule
Definition
glomerulus
Term
structure that allows urine to pass from the bladder
Definition
urethra
Term
tube attatched to the renal pelvis of the kidney
Definition
ureter
Term
hollow muscular sac that stores urine
Definition
bladder
Term
opening at the end of the urethra
Definition
tubule
Term
fluid and waste products form urine in this structure
Definition
meatus
Term
male or female sex organ
Definition
gonad
Term
two folds of tissue on each side of the vagina
Definition
labia
Term
sac between thighs that contains testes
Definition
scrotum
Term
external genatalia for females
Definition
vulva
Term
testicles; sperm produces here
Definition
testes
Term
attached to uterus;ovum travel though this structure
Definition
fallopian tubes
Term
stores sperm and produces semen
Definition
seminal vesicle
Term
tissue lining the uterus
Definition
endometrium
Term
released by pancreas regulates sugar in blood
Definition
insulin
Term
sex hormone secreted by testes
Definition
testosterone
Term
sex hormone secretes by overies
Definition
estrogen
Term
regulates matabloism
Definition
thyroxine
Term
regulates calcium level in body
Definition
parathormone
Term
stimulates to produce energy durring emergencies
Definition
epinephrine
Term
normal body substances that reconize abnormal or unwanted substances
Definition
antibodies
Term
group of cells that destroy invading cells
Definition
t cells
Term
group of white blood cells that digest and destroy microorganisms
Definition
lymphocytes
Term
group of cells that cause production of antibodies
Definition
b cells
Term
abnormal or unwanted substances
Definition
antigens
Term
types of wbc that produce antibodies
Definition
phagocytes
Term
three main types of muscles
Definition
cardiac visceral and skeletal
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
helps pump blood
Term
visceral muscle
Definition
helps with respiration
Term
skeletal muscle helps
Definition
body movements
Term
4 functions of skeletal muscle
Definition
provide volentary movement
produce heat and energy
mainatin posture
protect internal organs
Term
two ways skeletal muscles attatch to bones
Definition
tendons and fascia
Term
swinging arm in a circle
Definition
circumduction
Term
toward mmidline
Definition
adduction
Term
lower arrm toward uppearm
Definition
flexion
Term
away from side of the body
Definition
abduction
Term
straightening lower leg away from upper leg
Definition
extention
Term
turning body part on its own axis
Definition
rotation
Term
volentary muscles are
Definition
attactched to bones
Term
nerve fibers
Definition
dentrites
Term
single nerve fiber
Definition
axon
Term
lipid covering
Definition
myelin sheath
Term
space between neurons where nervous impulses jump from 1 neuron to another
Definition
synapse
Term
cerebrum
Definition
reasoning thought memory speech sigh hearing...
Term
cerebellum
Definition
balance muscle tone posture
Term
brainstem
Definition
conducting messages and impulses
Term
sympathetic
Definition
Term
parasymthetic
Definition
lowers
Term
determines sence of smell
Definition
olfactory receptors
Term
valve between left ventricle and aorta
Definition
aortic valve
Term
blood cell required for clotting process
Definition
thrombocyte
Term
lower chamber of heart
Definition
ventricle
Term
valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Definition
pulmonary valve
Term
upper chamber of the heart
Definition
atrium
Term
blood cell that carries oxygen and c2o
Definition
erythrocyte
Term
valve between left atrium an dleft ventricle
Definition
mitral valve
Term
period of ventricular contraction in the heart
Definition
systolic
Term
order of pathway of blood
Definition
right atrium
right ventricle
pulmonary artery
lungs
left atrium
left ventricle
aorta
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