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Massage Therapy Anatomy
Anatomy for massage therapy students
190
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/16/2006

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Term
Deltoid
Definition
Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine scapula
Term
Trapezius
Definition
Action: bilaterally-extends the head and neck/ unilaterally-laterally flex the head and neck to the same side, rotate the head and neck to the opposite side, elevate the scapula, upwardly rotate the scapula/ middle fibers-adduct the scapula/ lower fibers-depress the scapula, upwardly rotate the scapula
Term
Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
Action: extend the shoulder, adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder
Term
Teres Major
"lat's little helper"
Definition
Action: extend the shoulder, adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder
Term
Supraspinatus "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Action: abduct the shoulder
Term
Infraspinatus "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Action: laterally rotate the shoulder, adduct the shoulder, extend the shoulder, horizontally abduct the shoulder
Term
Teres Minor "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Action: laterally rotate the shoulder, adduct the shoulder, extend the shoulder, horizontally abduct the shoulder
Term
Subscapularis "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Action: medially rotate the shoulder
Term
Rhomboid Major
Definition
Action: adduct the scapula, elevate the scapula, downwardly rotate the scapula
Term
Rhomboid Minor
Definition
Action: adduct the scapula, elevate the scapula, downwardly rotate the scapula
Term
Levator Scapula
Definition
Action: unilaterally-elevate the scapula, downwardly rotate the scapula, laterally flex the head and neck, rotate the head and neck to same side/ bilaterally: extend the head and neck
Term
Serratus Anterior
Definition
Action: with origin fixed-abduct the scapula, depress the scapula/ if scapula is fixed: may act in forced inhalation
Term
Deltoid
Definition
Action: all fibers-abduct the shoulder/
anterior fibers-flex the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder, horizontally rotate the shoulder/ posterior fibers-extend the shoulder, laterally rotate the shoulder, horizontally abduct the shoulder
Term
Deltoid
Definition
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Term
Trapezius
Definition
Origin: external occipital protuberance, medial portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae and the spinous pricesses of C7 - T12
Term
Trapezius
Definition
Insertion: lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
Term
Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
Origin: spinous processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae, last 3 or 4 ribs,thoracolumbar aponeurosis and the posterior iliac crest
Term
Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
Insertion: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Term
Teres Major
"lat's little helper"
Definition
Origin: lateral side of inferior angle of the scapula and lower half of the lateral border of the scapula
Term
Teres Major
"lat's little helper"
Definition
Insertion: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Term
Supraspinatus "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Term
Supraspinatus "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Infraspinatus "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Term
Infraspinatus "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Teres Minor "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Origin: superior half of the lateral border of the scapula
Term
Teres Minor "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Subscapularis "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula
Term
Subscapularis "Rotator Cuff Muscle"
Definition
Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
Term
Rhomboid Major
Definition
Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5
Term
Rhomboid Major
Definition
Insertion: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and the inferior angle of the scapula
Term
Rhomboid Minor
Definition
Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1
Term
Rhomboid Minor
Definition
Insertion: upper portion of the medial border of the scapula across from the spine of te scapula
Term
Levator Scapula
Definition
Origin: transverse processes of C1-C4
Term
Levator Scapula
Definition
Insertion:upper region of the medial border and superior angle of the scapula
Term
Serratus Anterior
Definition
Origin: surfaces of upper eight or nine ribs
Term
Serratus Anterior
Definition
Insertion: anterior surface of medial border of the scapula
Term
Pectoralis Major
Definition
Action: all fibers-adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder/ upper fibers-flex the shoulder, horizontally rotate the shoulder/ lower fibers-extend the shoulder
Term
Pectoralis Major
Definition
Origin: medial half of the clavicle, the sternum and the cartilage of first through sixth ribs
Term
Pectoralis Major
Definition
Insertion: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Term
Pectoralis Minor
Definition
Action: depress the scapula, abduct the scapula and tilt the scapula anteriorly/ if scapula is fixed-assists in forced inhalation
Term
Pectoralis Minor
Definition
Action: depress the scapula, abduct the scapula and tilt the scapula anteriorly/ if scapula is fixed-assists in forced inhalation
Term
Pectoralis Minor
Definition
Origin: third, fourth and fifth ribs
Term
Pectoralis Minor
Definition
Insertion: coracoid process of the scapula
Term
Subclavius
Definition
Action: draw clavicle inferiorly and anteriorly, elevate first rib to assist in inhalation
Term
Subclavius
Definition
Origin: first rib and cartilage
Term
Subclavius
Definition
Insertion: inferior, lateral aspect of the clavicle
Term
Biceps Brachii
Definition
Action: flex the elbow, supinate the forearm and flex the shoulder
Term
Biceps Brachii
Definition
Origin: short head-coracoid process of the scapula/ long head-supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Term
Biceps Brachii
Definition
Insertion: teberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii
Term
Triceps Brachii
Definition
Action: extend the elbow/ long head-adduct the shoulder
Term
Triceps Brachii
Definition
Origin: long head-infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula/ lateral head-posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus/ medial head-posterior surface of distal half of the humerus
Term
Triceps Brachii
Definition
Insertion: olecrenon process of the ulna
Term
Coracobrachialis
Definition
Action: flex the shoulder, adduct the shoulder
Term
Coracobrachialis
Definition
Origin: coracoid process of the scapula
Term
Coracobrachialis
Definition
Insertion: medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
Term
Brachialis
Definition
Action: Flex the elbow
Term
Brachialis
Definition
Origin: distal half of anterior surface of the humerus
Term
Brachialis
Definition
Insertion: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
Term
Brachioradialis
Definition
Action:flex the elbow, assist to pronate and supinate the forearm when these movements are resisted
Term
Brachioradialis
Definition
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Term
Brachioradialis
Definition
Insertion: styloid process of the radius
Term
Pronator Teres
Definition
Action: pronate the forearm, assist to flex the elbow
Term
Pronator Teres
Definition
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, common flexor tendon and coronoid process of the ulna
Term
Pronator Teres
Definition
Insertion: middle of lateral surface of the radius
Term
Pronator Quadratus
Definition
Action: pronate the forearm
Term
Pronator Quadratus
Definition
Origin: Medial, anterior surface of distal ulna
Term
Pronator Quadratus
Definition
Insertion: Lateral, anterior surface of distal radius
Term
Supinator
Definition
Action: supinate the forearm
Term
Supinator
Definition
Origin: radial collateral ligament, annular ligament and supinator crest of the ulna
Term
Supinator
Definition
Insertion: lateral surface of proximal shaft of the radius
Term
Erector Spinae Group
Definition
Action: unilateral-laterally flex vertebral column to the same side/ bilateral-extend the vertebral column
Term
Erector Spinae Group
Definition
Origin: common tendon that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae
Term
Erector Spinae Group
Definition
Insertion: various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebra and mastoid process of the temporal bone
Term
Transversospinalis Group
Definition
Action: unilaterally-rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side/ bilaterally-extend the vertebral column
Term
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Definition
Action: unilaterally-rotate the head and neck to the same side, laterally flex the head and neck/ bilaterally-extend the head and neck
Term
Splenius Capitis
Definition
Origin: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 - T3
Term
Splenius Capitis
Definition
Insertion: Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
Term
Splenius Cervicis
Definition
Origin: spinous processes of T3 - T6
Term
Splenius Cervicis
Definition
Insertion: Transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae
Term
Suboccipitals
Definition
Action: rock and tilt the head back into extension, rotate the head to the same side
Term
Quadratus Lumborum
Definition
Action: unilaterally-laterally tilt the pelvis, laterally flex the vertebrae column to the same side and assist to extend the vertebral column/ bilaterally-fix the last rib during inhalation and forced exhalation
Term
Quadtratus Lumborum
Definition
Origin: posterior iliac crest
Term
Quadratus Lumborum
Definition
Insertion: last rib and transverse processes of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae
Term
Rectus Abdominis "Abdominals"
Definition
Action: flex the vertebral column
Term
Rectus Abdominis "Abdominals"
Definition
Origin: pubic crest and pubic symphysis
Term
Rectus Abdominis "Abdominals"
Definition
Insertion: cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphoid process
Term
External Oblique "Abdominals"
Definition
Action: unilaterally-laterally flex vertebrae column to the same side and rotate vertebral column to the opposite side/ bilaterally-flex vertebral column and compress abdominal contents
Term
External Obliques "Abdominals"
Definition
Origin: lower eight ribs
Term
External Obliques "Abdominals"
Definition
Insertion: anterior part of iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
Term
Internal Oblique "Abdominals"
Definition
Action: unilaterally-laterally flex vertebral column to the same side and rotate vertebral column to the same side/ bilaterally-flex the vertebral column and compress abdominal contents
Term
Internal Obliques "Abdominals"
Definition
Origin: laterally inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
Term
Internal Oblique "Abdominals"
Definition
Insertion: internal surface of the lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
Term
Transverse Abdominis "Abdominals"
Definition
Action: compress abdominal contents
Term
Transverse Abdominis "Abdominals"
Definition
Insertion: Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
Action: draw down the centraltendon of the diaphragm, increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
Origin: costal attachment-inner surface of the lower six ribs/ lumbar attachment-upper two or three lumbar vertebrae/ sternal attachment-inner part of xiphoid process
Term
Diphragm
Definition
Insertion: central tendon
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Action: unilaterally-laterally flex head and neck to same side, rotate head and neck to opposite side/ bilaterally-flex the neck and assist in inhalation
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Origin: sternal head-top of manubrium/ clavicular head-medial one-third of clavicle
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occiput
Term
Scalenes
Definition
Action: unilaterally-with ribs fixed, laterally flex the head and neck to the same side, rotate head and neck to the opposite side/ bilaterally-elevate the ribs during inhalation, flex the head and neck
Term
Anterior Scalene
Definition
Origin: transverse processes of third through sixth cervical vertebrae
Term
Anterior Scalene
Definition
Insertion: first rib
Term
Middle Scalene
Definition
Origin: transverse processes of second through seventh cervical vertebrae
Term
Middle Scalene
Definition
Insertion:first rib
Term
Posterior Scalene
Definition
Origin: transverse processes of fifth and sixth cervical vertebrae
Term
Posterior Scalene
Definition
Insertion: second rib
Term
Masseter
Definition
Action: elevate the mandible
Term
Masseter
Definition
Origin: zygomatic arch
Term
Masseter
Definition
Insertion: angle and ramus of mandible
Term
Temporalis
Definition
Action: elevate the mandible, retract the mandible
Term
Temporalis
Definition
Origin: temporal fossa and fascia
Term
Temporalis
Definition
Insertion: coronoid process of the mandible
Term
Rectus Femoris
"Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Action: extend the knee, flex the hip
Term
Rectus Femoris "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Term
Rectus Femoris "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Term
Vastus Medialis "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Action: extend the knee
Term
Vastus Medialis "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Origin: medial lip of linea aspera
Term
Vastus Medialis "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Term
Vastus Lateralis "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Action: extend the knee
Term
Vastus Lateralis "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Origin: lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity
Term
Vastus Lateralis "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Term
Vastus Intermedius "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Action: extend the knee
Term
Vastus Intermedius "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Origin: anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
Term
Vastus Intermedius "Quadriceps Femoris Group"
Definition
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Term
Biceps Femoris "Hamstrings"
Definition
Action: flex the knee, laterally rotate flexed knee, extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip, tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Term
Biceps Femoris "Hamstrings"
Definition
Origin: ischial tuberosity and lateral lip of linea aspera
Term
Biceps Femoris "Hamstrings"
Definition
Insertion: head of the fibula
Term
Semitentendinosis "Hamstrings"
Definition
Action: flex the knee, medially rotate flexed knee, extend the hip, medially rotate the hip, tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Term
Semitendinosus "Hamstrings"
Definition
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Term
Semitendinosus "Hamstrings"
Definition
Insertion: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Term
Semimembranosus "Hamstrings"
Definition
Action: flex the knee, medially rotate flexed knee, extend the hip, medially rotate the hip, tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Term
Semimembranosus "Hamstrings"
Definition
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Term
Semimembranosus "Hamstrings"
Definition
Insertion: posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
Term
Gluteus Maximus
Definition
Action: all fibers-extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hip/ lower fibers-adduct the hip
Term
Gluteus Maximus
Definition
Origin: coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
Term
Gluteus Maximus
Definition
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
Term
Gluteus Medius
Definition
Action: all fibers-abduct the hip/ anterior fibers-flex the hip, medially rotate the hip/ posterior fibers-extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip
Term
Gluteus Medius
Definition
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium between iliac crest and posterior and anterior gluteal lines
Term
Gluteus Medius
Definition
Insertion: greater trochanter
Term
Gluteus Minimus
Definition
Action: abduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the hip
Term
Gluteus Minumus
Definition
Origin: gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Term
Gluteus Minimus
Definition
Insertion: anterior border of the greater tochanter
Term
Adductor Magnus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Action: all fibers-adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip/ posterior fibers-extend the hip
Term
Adductor Magnus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
Term
Adductor Magnus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
Term
Adductor Magnus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Insertion: medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
Term
Adductor Longus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Action: adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip
Term
Adductor Longus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Origin: pubic tubercle "pube tubes"
Term
Adductor Longus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Insertion: medial lip of linea aspera
Term
Adductor Brevis "Adductor Group"
Definition
Action: adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip
Term
Adductor Brevis "Adductor Group"
Definition
Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis
Term
Adductor Brevis "Adductor Group"
Definition
Insertion: pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
Term
Pectineus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Action: adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip
Term
Pectineus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Origin: superior ramus of pubis
Term
Pectineus "Adductor Group"
Definition
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
Term
Gracilis "Adductor Group"
Definition
Action: adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the knee, medially rotate the flexed knee
Term
Gracilis "Adductor Group"
Definition
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium
Term
Gracilis "Adductor Group"
Definition
Insertion: proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Term
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Definition
Action: flex the hip, medially rotate the hip, abduct the hip
Term
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Definition
Origin: iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS
Term
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Definition
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Term
Sartorius
"the tailor muscle"
Definition
Action: flex the hip, laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hip, flex the knee, medially rotate the flexed knee
Term
Sartorius
"the tailor muscle"
Definition
Origin: ASIS
Term
Sartorius
"the tailor muscle"
Definition
Insertion: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Term
Piriformis "Lateral Rotator of the Hip"
Definition
Action: abduct the hip when the hip is flexed
Term
Piriformis "Lateral Rotator of the Hip"
Definition
Origin: anterior surface of the sacrum
Term
Piriformis "Lateral Rotator of the Hip"
Definition
Insertion: greater trochanter
Term
Psoas Major "Iliopsoas"
Definition
Action: flex the hip, laterally rotate the hip, adduct the hip
Term
Psoas Major "Iliopsoas"
Definition
Origin: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Term
Psoas Major
Definition
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Term
Iliacus
Definition
Action: flex the hip, rotate the hip, adduct the hip
Term
Iliacus
Definition
Origin: iliac fossa
Term
Iliacus
Definition
Insertion: lesser tochanter
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Action: flex the knee, plantar flex the ankle
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Origin: condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon "achilles tendon"
Term
Soleus
Definition
Action: plantar flex the ankle
Term
Soleus
Definition
Origin: soleal line, posterior surface of tibia and proximal, posterior surface of fibula
Term
Soleus
Definition
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon "achilles tendon"
Term
Popliteus
Definition
Action: medially rotate the flexed knee, flex the knee
Term
Popliteus
Definition
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur
Term
Popliteus
Definition
Insertion: proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
Term
Peroneus Longus
Definition
Action: evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle
Term
Peroneus Longus
Definition
Origin: proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
Term
Peroneus Longus
Definition
Insertion: base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Term
Peroneus Brevis
Definition
Action: evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle
Term
Peroneus Brevis
Definition
Origin: distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
Term
Peroneus Brevis
Definition
Insertion: tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
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