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Marieb ch 7,8,9
A&P first test
35
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/22/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
STERNUM BONES
Definition

Breastbone

anterior midline of the thorax

dagger

manubrium="knife handle" shaped like the knot of a neck tie.

body=midportion forms the bulk of the sternum

xiphoid process=forms the inferior end of the sternum,plate of hyaline cartilage in youth, but ossified in adults over 40 and serves as attachment for some ab muscles.

Term
FETAL SKULL
Definition

Frontal Bone

Occipital Bone

Parietal Bone

Temporal Bone

fontanelles=unossified remnants of fibrous membranes,"soft spot"

anterior fontanelle=large diamond shape.

 

 

Term
AXIAL SKELETON COMPOSITION
Definition

80 bones segregated into three major regions

Skull

Vertebral Column 

Thoracic Cage

Term

 

PITUITARY GLAND


Definition

sella turcica "turks saddle". 

The seat of the saddle called the 

HYPOPHYSEAL FOSSA

forms a snug enclosure for the pituitary gland

Term

HYOID BONE

UNIQUENES

Definition

U-Shaped

miniature version of the mandible

unique because it is the only bone that does not articulate directly with any other bone.

anchored by stylohyoid ligaments to the styloid processes of the temporal bones.

Term

INTERVERTEBRAL DISC

(MAJOR FUNCTION)

Definition

SHOCK ABSORBER DURING WALKING, JUMPING AND RUNNING, ALLOWS THE SPINE TO FLEX AND EXTEND AND TO A LESSER EXTENT BEND LATERALLY.

25% OF THE HEIGHT OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN.

Term
BONES OF THE PARANASAL SINUS
Definition

FRONTAL

SPHENOID

ETHMOID

MAXILLARY (PAIRED)

Term
CONDITIONS AND CURVATURES OF SPINAL COLUMN
Definition

CERVICAL CURVATURES=7 VERTEBRAE C1-C7

 

THORACIC CURVATURES=12 VERTEBRAE T1-T12

 

LUMBAR CURVATURES=5 VERTEBRAE L1-L5

 

SACRAL CURVATURES=5 FUSED VERTEBRAE

SACRUM

 

COCCYX=4 FUSED VERTEBRAE

 

MEAL TIME=7AM,12NOON,5PM

Term
THORACIC VERTEBRA
Definition

12 VERTEBRAE ALL ARTICULATE WITH THE RIBS

INCREASE IN SIZE FROM FIRST TO LAST

BODY IS HEART SHAPED

VERTEBRAL FORMEN IS CIRCULAR

SPINOUS PROCESS IS LONG/POINTS SHARPLY DOWN

WITH THE EXCEPTION OF T11 AND T12 THE TRANSVERSE PROCESSES HAVE FACETS

SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR FACETS LIE MAINLY IN THE FRONTAL PLATE/PREVENTS FLEXION AND EXTENSION

Term
WEIGHT BEARING BONES
Definition

THIGH=FEMUR

LEG=TIBIA 

FOOT=TALUS AND CALCANEUS

METATARSUS=FIRST METATARSAL

ARCHES

Term
SYNCHONDROSIS
Definition

BAR OR PLATE OF HYALINE CARTILAGE UNITES THE BONES AT THE SYCHONDROSIS

EPIPHYSEAL PLATES

Term
SYNDESMOSIS
Definition
BONES ARE CONNECTED EXCLUSIVELY BY LIGAMENTS, CORDS OR BANDS OF FIBROUS TISSUE.
Term
SUTURE
Definition

"SEAMS"

OCCUR ONLY BETWEEN BONES OF THE SKULL

SHORT CONNECTIVE TISSUE FIBERS

KNIT THE BONES TOGETHER YET ALLOW THE BONES TO EXPAND AS THE BRAIN GROWS

Term
AMPHIATHROSES
Definition
SLIGHTLY MOVEABLE
Term
SYNARTHROSES
Definition
IMMOVABLE JOINTS
Term
DIATHROSES
Definition
FREELY MOVABLE
Term
CONDYLOID
Definition

ELLIPSOIDAL

OVAL ARTICULAR SURFACE OF ONE BONE FITS INTO A COMPLEMENTARY DEPRESSION OF ANOTHER

BOTH ARTICULATING SURFACES ARE OVAL

RADIOCARPAL(WRIST)

METACARPOPHALANGEAL(KNUCKLE)

Term
PIVOT
Definition

ROUNDED END OF ONE BONE CONFORMS TO A "SLEEVE" OR RING COMPOSED OF BONE OF ANOTHER

UNIAXIAL ROTATION

HEAD FROM SIDE TO SIDE AS SAYING "NO"

Term
HINGE
Definition

MOTION IS ALONG A SINGLE PLANE AND RESEMBLES THAT OF A MECHANICAL HINGE

UNIAXIAL HINGE JOINTS PERMIT FLEXION AND EXTENSION ONLY 

BENDING AND STRAIGHTENING THE ELBOW

Term
PLANE
Definition

ARTICULAR SUFACE IS FLAT 

ALLOW ONLY SHORT NONAXIAL GLIDING MOVEMENT

 

Term
CIRCUMDUCTION
Definition

MOVING A LIMB SO THAT IT DESCRIBES A CONE IN SPACE

SHOULDER AND HIP BONE

Term
HYPEREXTENSION
Definition

EXCESSIVE EXTENSION 

EXTENDING THE HEAD OR HIP JOINT BEYOND ANATOMICAL POSITION

Term
FLEXION
Definition

BENDING MOVEMENT, USUALLY ALONG THE SAGITTAL PLANE, THE DECREASES THE ANGLE OF THE JOINT AND BRINGS THE BONES CLOSER TOGETHER.

BENDING THE HEAD FORWARD TO THE CHEST

Term
EXTENSION
Definition

REVERSE OF FLEXION AND OCCURS AT THE SAME JOINTS

MOVEMENT ALONG THE SAGITTAL PLANE THAT INCREASES THE ANGLE BETWEEN ARTICULATING BONES

STRAIGHTENING OF A FLEXED NECK, BODY TRUNK, ELBOW OR KNEE

Term
SYNARTHROTIC
Definition
IMMOVABLE JOINTS
Term
GOMPHOSIS
Definition
PEG-IN-SOCKET FIBROUS JOINT
Term
MENISCI
Definition

C-SHAPED

ATTACHED ONLY AT THEIR OUTER MARGINS AND ARE FREQUENTLY TORN

Term
ADDUCTION
Definition
MOVING OF A LIMB TOWARD THE BODY
Term
INVERSION
Definition

SPECIAL MOVEMENTS OF THE FOOT

SOLE OF THE FOOT TURNS MEDIALLY

Term
ABDUCTION
Definition
MOVING AWAY FROM THE BODY
Term
DORSIFLEXION
Definition
LIFTING THE FOOT SO THAT IT IS SUPERIOR SURFACE APPROACHES THE SKIN
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