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Male Reproductive Tract
Cole 5/3/11 1hr
62
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
05/04/2011

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Term
2.5-3.5 mL per ejaculation, 100 million sperm/mL so 250-350 miliion sperm/ejaculate
Definition
what is the volume of an average ejaculate? how many sperm/mL?
Term
60-70%
Definition
how much do the seminal vessicles contribute to semen?
Term
20%
Definition
how much does the prostate contribute to the semen?
Term
10-20%
Definition
how much do the bulbourethral glands contribute to semen?
Term
glands in the urethral wall
Definition
besides the seminal vessicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands, what else contributes to the volume of the semen?
Term
not a lot, the sperm component is only 10% of the volume. 90% is from the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Definition
what does a vasectomy do to the volume of the semen?
Term
goes through all 3 inguinal rings of the inguinal canal, with the spermatic cord contents, then superior to the inferior epigastric artery, superior then medial to the ureters to the posterior bladder.
Definition
how does the vas deferens reach the urethra?
Term
superiorly and lateral
Definition
where does the vas deferens pass in relation to the inferior epigastric artery?
Term
superior(the superior pole) and posterior
Definition
on what side of the testes is the head of the epididymis?
Term
tunica albuginea
Definition
what is the name of the heavy connective tissue coat covering the testes?
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
what lies between the septa of the testes?
Term
tunica vaginalis
Definition
this is the product of an outpocket of parietal peritoneum that wraps around the head of the epididymus then reflects on the posterior side.
Term
efferent ductules
Definition
what connects the head of the epididymus to the top of the testes?
Term
the testicular artery is more anterior
Definition
which is more anterior, the testicular artery or the artery to the ductus deferens?
Term
testicular artery
Definition
what vessel does the artery to ductus deferens come off of?
Term
testicular artery is superior
Definition
where does the testicular artery come off the aorta in relation to the IMA?
Term
the superficial ingiunal nodes above the inguinal ligament
Definition
where does the scrotum drain lymphatics to?
Term
follows the blood supply up the testicular artery
Definition
what is the general path of the lymph drainage from the testis?
Term
a hydrocele is an overproduction of the serous fluid, which is clear, so a flashlight should be able to shine through them. A spermatocele is not a clear fluid and would be opaque when a flashlight is shined on the testes.
Definition
how can you distinguish a hydrocele from a spermatocele?
Term
spermatocele
Definition
a benign cystic accumulation of sperm in the testes that arises from the head of the epididymis (or efferent ductules)
Term
varicocele
Definition
what appears as a palpable mass from the testes to the inguinal ring, that feels like a bag of worms?
Term
varicocele
Definition
abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus veins, which lack valves
Term
when it enters the bulb of the penis
Definition
when does the membranous urethra become spongy urethra?
Term
embedded in the muscle fibers of the sphincter urethrae
Definition
where are the bulbourethra glands found?
Term
they cross through the perineal membrane and into the bulb of the penis where they join the urethra.
Definition
where do the BU glands enter the urethra?
Term
the ampulla of the vas deferens is more medial
Definition
which structure is more medial, the ampulla of the vas deferens or the seminal vessicle?
Term
the prostatic venous plexus
Definition
what fills the gap between the bladder and the pelvic diaphragm?
Term
the membranous urethra
Definition
what part of the urethra pass through the UG hiatus?
Term
independently, they form a series of pores into the urethra
Definition
how do the prostatic ducts enter the urethra?
Term
prostatic urethra
Definition
where do the ejaculatory ducts merge?
Term
the prostatic urticle
Definition
what is the male analog to the vagina?
Term
the vas deferens and seminal vesicle meet and form the ejaculatory duct on each side
Definition
what structure(s) feed into the ejaculatory duct?
Term
the prostatic venous plexus which drains to the vertebral plexus
Definition
what allows testicular cancer to spread to the spine?
Term
a part of the prostrate that bulges out into the posterior urethra
Definition
what is the seminal colliculus?
Term
the ejaculatory ducts, the prostatic ducts, and the opening to the prostatic utricle
Definition
what structures enter the seminal colliculus?
Term
above and below the seminal colliculus. they are ridges in the posterior prostatic urethra
Definition
where is the urethral crest found?
Term
they are the gutter-like areas around the prostatic utricle and urethra crest in the prostatic urethra
Definition
where is the prostatic sinus?
Term
it is where the penis attaches to the pubic symphysis
Definition
what is significant about the sharp bend in the crura of the penis?
Term
the suspensory ligament of the penis
Definition
what ligament connects the penis to the pubic symphysis?
Term
the corpora caveronsa
Definition
what are the crura called when they fuse together in the external penis?
Term
it narrows and becomes the corpus spongiosum around the uretrha, then expands to become the glans of the penis
Definition
what happens to the bulb of the penis when it exits the perineum?
Term
the corpus spongiosum which is continuous with the bulb of the penis
Definition
what becomes the glans of the penis?
Term
so it can fit into the hollow area behind the glans like a socket
Definition
why is the corpora cavernosum shaped like a cone at the end?
Term
So, I definitely asked D. Law this question back in the day, and he couldn't tell me the answer. I am glad to finally know it is erect, in accordance to the naming of the vessels as "dorsal"
Definition
what is the anatomical position of the penis?
Term
the dorsal artery and nerve, and the superficial dorsal vein
Definition
what vessels/nerves are found on the posterior erect penis?
Term
superficial vein of the penis
Definition
what vein drains the superficial structures of the penis (skin and glands)?
Term
the dorsal nerve of the penis
Definition
what nerve transmits somatic sensory information ONLY from the skin of the penis, especially the glans?
Term
the deep dorsal vein
Definition
what vein drains the erectile tissue at the end of erection?
Term
the tunica albuginea, it prevents the erectile tissue from expanding too much, and maintains the pressure due to its special arrangement of collagen fibers
Definition
what allows the penis to become rigid during erection?
Term
the tunica albuginea in the penis is totally separate from the testicular one, it surrounds the corpus cavernosum(crus) and the corpus spongiosum(bulb)
Definition
what does the tunica albuginea surround in the penis, and what is it's relation to the t. albuginea in the testicle?
Term
the tunica albuginea in the penis is totally separate from the testicular one, it surrounds the corpus cavernosum(crus) and the corpus spongiosum(bulb)
Definition
what does the tunica albuginea surround in the penis, and what is it's relation to the t. albuginea in the testicle?
Term
the ischiocavernosus
Definition
what muscle lies superficial to the crus of the penis?
Term
Buck's fascia(deep fascia of penis)
Definition
what layer of fascia covers the erectile tissues, the dorsal nerve of the penis, and the dorsal artery?
Term
the superficial fascia of the penis, the external pudendal arteries are just lateral to the vein
Definition
what fascia covers the superficial dorsal vein of the penis? what else is just beneath this fascia?
Term
the femoral artery below the inguinal ligament
Definition
what is the external pudendal artery a branch of?
Term
the deep dorsal vein is midline with the dorsal artery just lateral to it and the dorsal nerve of the penis the most lateral
Definition
just deep to Buck's fascia are some vessels and nerves, name them, and which is medial vs lateral
Term
the tunica albuginea
Definition
what layer is deep to the dorsal artery and nerve of the penis?
Term
found just deep to Buck's fascia are the circumflex veins
Definition
what vein drains the erectile tissue to the deep dorsal vein? what layer is it in?
Term
Colle's fascia
Definition
what is the superficial fascia of the penis continuous with?
Term
the deep artery of the penis
Definition
what artery leaks blood into the erectile tissue during erection?
Term
the circumflex veins have a "valve" that is pinched shut against the t. albuginea when the penis expands, so blood flows in, but can't get out
Definition
how does blood in the erectile tissue stay in there for erections?
Term
decreased blood flow to the penis
Definition
what opens the circumflex veins back up after erection?
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