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Major brain part functions
Major parts of the brain and their functions
17
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/23/2012

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Cards

Term
Functions of the Cerebrum
Definition

1- concious thought

2- sensations

3- intellectual functions

4- memory storage and processing

5- complex movements originate in the cerebrum

Term
Parts of the Diencephalon
Definition

1- Thalamus

2- Hypothalamus

3- Epithalamus (contains the pineal gland)

Term
Functions of the Thalamus
Definition

1- The thalamus is the final relay point for all ascending sensory information, other than olfactory, that will reach our concious thought

2- Acts as a filter, passing only a small amount of information to the primary sensory cortex

3- Plays a role in the coordination of voluntary and involuntary motor commands

Term
Functions of the Hypothalamus
Definition

Functions:

1- Contains important control and integrative centers

2- The subconcious control of skeletal muscle contractions assosiated with rage, pleasure, pain, and sexual arousal

3- adjusting the activities of autonomic centers in the pons and medulla oblongata (heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and digestive functions)

4- Coordinating activities of the nervous and endocrine systems

5- secreting a variety of hormones (ex: antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin)

6- Producing behavioral drives involved in hunger and thirst

7-coordinating voluntary and autonomic functions

8- regulating normal body temperature

9- coordinating the daily cycles of activity

Term
Functions of the Epithalamus
Definition

Functions:

1- The pineal glad in the eipthalamus secretes melatonin wich is important for regulating day and night cycles

Term
Parts of the brain stem
Definition

1- midbrain

2- pons

3- medulla oblongata

Term
Functions of the Pons
Definition

1- links the cerebellum with the midbrain, diencephalon, cerebrum, and spinal cord

2- includes sensory and motor nuclei for four of the cranial nerves (Trigeminal, abducens, facial, and vestibulocochlear)

3- includes nuclei that are concerned with pace and depth of respiration

4- Tracts passing through the pons link the cerebellum with the brain stem, cerebrum and spinal cord

Term
Functions of the Medulla Oblongata
Definition

1- Connects the brain with the spinal cord

2- all communication between the brain and the spinal cord travel through the medulla oblongata

3- contains reflex centers that adjusts the activities of the cardiovascular and the respiratory systems

Term
Functions of the Midbrain
Definition

1- the superior colliculi in the midbrain control the reflex movements of the ees, head and neck in response to visual stimuli such as a flash of light

2- the inferior colliculi in the midbrain control the reflex movements of the head, neck, and trunk in response to loud noise

3- the midbrain houses the reticular information (RAS) which regulates many involuntary functions

4- The maintenence of muscle tone and posture

Term
Functions of the Cerebellum
Definition

1- an automatic processing center

2- adjust the postural muscles to maintain balance

3- programming and fine-tuning movements controlled at the concious and subconcious levels

Term
Functions of the Corpus Callosum
Definition
1- a bundle of axons that connect linking centers in the left and right cerebral hemispheres
Term
Functions of the Limbic System in the brain
Definition

1- establishes emotional states

2- links the concious, intellectual functions of the cerebral cortex with the unconcious and autonomic functions of the brain stem

3- aids long term memory storage and retrieval

Term
Functions of Ventricles in the brain
Definition
1- hold cerebral spinal fluid
Term
Lateral ventricles
Definition
  • Each cerebral hemisphere countains a lateral ventricle.
  • There is no direct connection between the two lateral ventricles but an opening called the interventricular foramen allows each of them to communicate with the third ventricle
Term
Third ventricle
Definition
  • Located in the diencephalon directly superior to the pineal gland
Term
Cerebral aqueduct
Definition
  • Connects the third ventricle with the fourth
Term
Fourth ventricle
Definition
  • Located in the pons and upper portion of the medulla oblongata
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