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Lymphatic System
Hamster!!
24
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
12/15/2010

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Cards

Term
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
Definition

1) Returns proteins to the blood

2)Filters antigens (foreign substances) from the lymph

3)Delivers fats absorbed in the gut to the blood

Term
Lymphatic capillaries
Definition
discontinuous capillaries that take in substances too large to reenter the blood capillaries
Term
Edema
Definition

-When proteins and water remain in the extracellular space

-removal of the axillary lymph nodes disrupts lymphatic drainage of the limb

Term
Thoracic Duct
Definition
Drains lymph from 3/4 of the body
Term
Right Lymphatic Duct
Definition
Drains lymph from 1/4 of the body
Term
Flow of Lymph
Definition
Controlled by:  valves, compression as neighboring muscles contract, negative pressure in thorax 
Term
How many Lymph nodes does lymph flow through before entering the blood?
Definition
at least one
Term
Lymph node
Definition
Destroys antigens in the lymph before returning it to the blood
Term
Lymph node is made up of two parts?
Definition
cortex and medulla
Term
Cortex of lymph node
Definition
-masses of lymphocytes, site of immune response
Term
Medulla of lymph node
Definition
-macrophages, nonspecific destruction of antigens by phagocytosis
Term
Enlarged lymph nodes
Definition
caused by extensive division of lymphocytes
Term
Knowing where lymph from different parts of the body drains is important for treating what?
Definition
cancer
Term
Spread of tumor cells
Definition

-tumor cells can easily enter the discontinuous lymphatic capillaries

-allowing cancer to spread(metastasize)

-nearby lymph nodes are usually removed to look for metastasis

 

Term
Lymphoid organs
Definition
-aggregations of macrophages and lymphocytes that detect and destroy antigens
Term
Lymphoid organ examples
Definition
tonsils, appendix, microscopic nodules in the gut, spleen
Term
Tonsils
Definition

surround the opening into the pharynx, so that you can detect and destroy antigens as they enter the body

-lingual

-palatine

-pharyngeal

Term
Appendix
Definition
organ at the junction between the small and large intestines that destroys antigens in the gut
Term
Appendicitis
Definition
infection of appendix that can be dangerous if the appendix ruptures because the infection fills the abdominal cavity
Term
Spleen
Definition

-removes antigens from the blood

-destroys damaged red blood cells

Term
White pulp
Definition

-masses of lymphocytes(WBC's) in spleen

-site of immune response by lymphocytes

Term
Red pulp
Definition

-elaborate networks of discontinuous blood capillaries

-site of nonspecific antigen destruction (phagocytosis)

Term
mononucleosis
Definition

-lymphocytes in the white pulp divide extensively when trying to destroy the virus

-causes massive enlargement of the spleen (splenomegaly)

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