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Lymphatic System
About the Immune System
27
Anatomy
12th Grade
03/08/2007

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Term
FUNCTIONS
Definition
fluid balance

fat absorption

defense
Term
LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES
Definition
single layered walls (like blood capillaries)

travel all over the body
Term
LYMPH
Definition
fluid that travels inside the capillaries
has ions and nutrients from plasma
contains hormones and enzymes from cells
LOTS OF WATER
Term
LYPHATIC VESSELS
Definition
comprised of joined together lymphatic capllaries
resemble small veins
allow fluid to travel through out the body to the lymph nodes
Term
LYMPH NODES
Definition
have large amounts of lymphocytes and macrophages to fight invading organisms

less than 2.5cm and bean-shaped
capsule of fibrous connective tissue encloses each node and divides it into compartments called nodules

spaces in the them are called lymph sinus
nodules are the structural unit of the lymph node

can be superficial or deep
Term
FUNCTIONS OF THE LYMPH NODE
Definition
filter potentially harmful particles from the lymph

immune surveillance sends macrophages and lymphocytes to make sure that the body is being protected
Term
LYMPHATIC TRUNKS AND DUCTS
Definition
after leaving the lymph nodes, vessels become large tubes called trunks

enter into one of two ducts, thoracic or lymphatic.

Thoracic is longer and larger, gets lymph from the lower and left side of the body. Empties into left subclavian.

Lymphatic recieves lymph from the right side and empties into the right subclavian.
Term
LYMPHATIC TISSUE
Definition
primarily lymphocytes
includes macrophages, dentritic cells and reticular cells
Term
LYMPHOCYTES
Definition
originate in red bone marrow
Term
PEYER'S PATCHES
Definition
specialized lymphatic nodules found in the distal half of the small intestine
Term
LYMPHATIC ORGANS TONSILS
Definition
located deep in the mucous membranes within the throat
provides protection against bacteria and other material entering the nasal and oral cavity

PALATINE, PHARYNGEAL, LINGUISTIC TONSILS
Term
LYMPHATIC ORGANS SPLEEN
Definition
size of a clenched fist
located on the left side of the abdominal cavity
broken into lobules with blood flowing between them

MAJOR BLOOD FILTER
Term
LYMPHATIC ORGANS THYMUS
Definition
soft and bi-lobed
located in the front of the aorta and behind the sternum
larger in kids and shrinks during puberty--gets replaced with adipose and connective tissue
produces T-CELLS
Term
NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSE
Definition
protects against many different invaders
mechanical barriers, inflammation and phagocytosis
Term
SPECIFIC DEFENSE
Definition
target specific invaders
immunity
Term
SPECIES RESISTANT

(NON-SPECIFIC)
Definition
certain species resist certain diseases
Term
MECHANICAL BARRIERS

(NON-SPECIFIC)
Definition
prevent the entrance of some infectious agents

ex. are skin, membranes
Term
CHEMICAL BARRIERS

(NON-SPECIFIC)
Definition
mainly enzymes

ex are pepsin, HCL ans salt on skin
Term
PHAGOCYTOSIS

(NON-SPECIFIC)
Definition
monocytes and neutrophils

they remove foreign particles from lymph and blood stream
Term
INFLAMMATION

(NON-SPECIFIC)
Definition
a tissue reponse to injury that produces localized redness, swelling, heat and pain
Term
SPECIFIC DEFENSE
Definition
has two types of lymphocytes B-CELLS and T-CELLS

B-CELLS remain in bone marrow and are abundant in the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow and intestinal lining

T-CELLS come from the thymus
Term
ANTIGENS
Definition
located on the cells surface

inventoried before birth to distinguish between self and non-self

allows B and T Cells to recognize invaders
Term
FUNCTIONS OF LYMPHOCYTES
Definition
T-cells
attach to foreign antigen bearing cells directly
may secrete toxins that are lethal to their target cells
has cell mediated immunity
Term
ANTHRAX
BUBONIC PLAGUE
CHLAMYDIA
CHOLERA
DIPTHERIA
IMPETIGO
LEPROSY
LYME
DISEASE
MENINGTIS
PERTUSSIS
THYPHOID FEVER
TB
TETNUS SYPHILIS
STREP THROAT
SCARLET FEVER
ROCKY MT SPOTTED FEVER
Definition
BACTERIA
Term
AIDS
VARICELLA
COMMON COLD
EBOLA
HFMD
HEPATITIS
HERPES
HPV
INFLUENZA
MEASLES
MUMPS
POLIO
RUBELLA
WEST NILE
MENINGITIS
RABIES
SARS
Definition
VIRUSES
Term
NOT-ALIVE
Definition
VIRUSES
Term
ALIVE
Definition
BACTERIA
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