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Lymphatic and Respiratory System Medical Terminology
Prefixes, Suffixes, Word Roots, Abbreviations
33
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
05/27/2026

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Term
Ana-
Definition

Meaning: Up, upward or back, backward

Example: Anastomosis - a surgical connection between two structures, such as lymphatic vessels, often performed to restore fluid flow. 

Term
anti-
Definition

Meaning: Against

Example: Antigenic - relating to or characteristic of an antigen, a substance that triggers and immune response.

Term
macro-
Definition

Meaning: Large

Example: Macrophage - a large white blood cell that engulfs and digests pathogens and debris.

Term
mono-
Definition

Meaning: One, single

Example: Mononucleosis - a viral infection that increases certain types of white blood cells (monocytes) and often affects lymph nodes. 

Term
neo-
Definition

Meaning: New

Example: Neoplasm - a new and abnormal growth of tissue, often a tumor. 

Term
tele-
Definition

Meaning: Distant

Example: Teletherapy - a form of external radiation therapy where the radiation source is distant from the body. 

Term
A, An-
Definition

Meaning: Without, not

Example: Anoxia - the absence of oxygen in tissues.

Term
Brady-
Definition

Meaning: Slow

Example: Bradypnea - abnormally slow breathing.

Term
Cyano-
Definition

Meaning: blue

Example: Cyanoderma - a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, also referred to as cyanosis. 

Term
Dys-
Definition

Meaning: Difficult, painful, abnormal

Example: Dysphonia - a condition involving difficulty speaking or having an abnormal voice, often caused by issues in the larynx or vocal cords. 

Term
Endo-
Definition

Meaning: Within, inside

Example: Endotracheal intubation - the insertion of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to maintain an open airway.

Term
Eu-
Definition

Meaning: Good, normal

Example: Eucapina - a normal level of carbon dioxide in the blood, essential for maintaining pH balance and respiratory health. 

Term
Hyper-
Definition

Meaning: Excessive, above

Example: Hyperresonance - an increased echo heard during percussion of the chest, often indicating air trapping in conditions like pneumothorax or emphysema. 

Term
Hypo-
Definition

Meaning: Below, deficient

Example: Hypoxemia - low levels of oxygen in the blood, which can impair the delivery of oxygen to tissues and organs. It is often caused by respiratory disorders such as asthma, pneumonia, COPD, or pulmonary embolism.

Term
Para-
Definition

Meaning: Beside, near

Example: Paranasal - beside the nose.

Term
Poly-
Definition

Meaning: Many, Excessive

Example: Polysomnography - a test to study multiple aspects of sleep, often used to diagnose sleep disorders. 

Term
Tachy-
Definition

Meaning: Fast

Example: Tachypnea - rapid breathing. 

Term
-ac
Definition

Meaning: pertaining to 

Example: Hypochondriac - Pertaining to the upper abdomen beneath the ribs. The hypochondriac regions are located near lymph nodes that assist in draining parts of the abdominal cavity. 

Term
-al
Definition

Meaning: pertaining to 

Example: Inguinal - pertaining to the groin, where many lymph nodes are located. 

Term
-ary
Definition

Meaning: pertaining to

Example: Axillary - pertaining to the armpit. 

Term
-apheresis
Definition

Meaning: removal

Example: plasmapheresis - removal of plasma from the blood, often used to treat autoimmune disorders affecting the lymphatic system.

Term
-cide
Definition

Meaning: killing

Example: bactericide - a substance that kills bacteria, sometimes used to prevent infections in lymphatic tissues.

Term
-edema
Definition

Meaning: swelling

Example: lymphedema - swelling that generally occurs in one of the arms or legs due to a blockage in the lymphatic system. 

Term
-genesis
Definition

Meaning: creation, formation

Example: lymphangiogenesis - the formation of new lymphatic vessels, a process that play a vital role in tissue repair, immune responses, and conditions such as cancer, by providing additional pathways for fluid and cell transport. 

Term
-ic
Definition

Meaning: pertaining to 

Example: cytotoxic - pertaining to the destruction of cells, often used in cancer treatments affecting lymphatic cells.

Term
-logist
Definition

Meaning: specialist in the study of 

Example: oncologist - a doctor who specializes in the study and treatment of cancer, including cancers affecting the lymphatic system.

Term
-logy
Definition

Meaning: study of 

Example: immunology - the study of the immune system, including diseases that affect the lymphatic system, such as lymphoma, lymphedema, and autoimmune conditions. 

Term
-lytic
Definition

Meaning: destruction

Example: Hemolytic - pertaining to the destruction of red blood cells, which can affect immune and lymphatic function. 

Term
-opsy
Definition

Meaning: view of 

Example: biopsy - the removal of a tissue for examination, often used to diagnose lymphatic cancers. 

Term
-plasm
Definition

Meaning: formation, growth

Example: cytoplasm - the gel-like material within cells, including lymphatic cells, where cellular processes occur. 

Term
-poiesis
Definition

Meaning: formation or production

Example: hematopoiesis - the formation of blood cells, which are essential to immune and lymphatic function.

Term
-static
Definition

Meaning: inhibiting

Example: bacteriostatic - an agent that inhibits bacterial growth, helping prevent infections in the lymphatic system.

Term
-therapy
Definition

Meaning: treatment

Example: radiotherapy - treatment using radiation, often used for cancers that affect the lymphatic system.

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