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Lower Limb Muscles
origin, insertion, action, innervation
32
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
10/12/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

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Gluteus Maximus

Definition

Origin: Iliac crest of ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and lumbodorsal fascia 

Insertion: Illiotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Action: Extends and laterally rotates thigh

 

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve

Term

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Gluteus Medius

Definition

Origin: Anterior Iliac crest of ilium, lateral surface of ilium between superior and inferior lines

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur 

Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh

 

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Term

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Tensor Fasciae Latae

Definition

Origin: Iliac crest and surface of ilium between anterior iliac spines 

Insertion: Iliotibial tract

Action: Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh; tenses fasciae latae, which laterally supports the knee

 

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Term

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Gluteus Minimus

Definition

Origin: lateral surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines

 

Insertion: iliotibial tract

 

Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh

 

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Term

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Adductor Brevis

Definition

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis

 

Insertion: linea aspera of femur

 

Action: adducts thigh

 

Innervation: obturator nerve 

Term

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Adductor Longus

Definition

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis anterior to adductor brevis

Insertion: Linea aspera of femur

Action: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

 

Innervation: obturator nerve

Term

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Adductor Magnus

Definition

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis posterior to adductor brevis


Insertion: Linea aspera  of femur

Action: adducts thigh; anterior portion flexes thigh, posterior portion extends thigh

 

Innervation: obturator and sciatic nerves

Term

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Pectineus

Definition

Origin: Superior ramus of pubis

Insertion: Pectineal line inferior to lesser trochanter of femur

Action: Flexion, medial rotation, and adduction at hip

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Term

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Iliacus

Definition

Origin: Iliac fossa of ilium

Insertion: Femur distal to lesser trochanter; tendon fused with that of psoas 

Action: Flexes hip and/or lumbar spine

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L3)

Term

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Psoas

Definition

Origin: Anterior surfaces of vertebrae T12-L5

Insertion: femur distal to lesser trochanter; fused with iliacus

Action: Flexes hip and/or lumbar spine

 

Innervation: Branches of the lumbar plexus (L2-L3)

Term

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Biceps Femoris

Definition

Origin: Long Head: Ischial tuberosity

Short Head: linea aspera of femur 

Insertion: Head of fibula

Action: Short Head: Flexes leg

Long Head: extends thigh

 

Innervation: Long Head: Tibial nerve

Short Head: common fibular nerve

Term

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Semimembranosus

(hamstring)

Definition

Origin: Ischial tuberosity 

Insertion: Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia 

Action: Flexes leg; extends thigh

 

Innervation: tibial nerve

Term

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Semitendinosus

(hamstring)

Definition

Origin: Ischial tuberosity 

Insertion: Proximal, posteromedial surface of tibia near insertion of gracilis 

Action: Flexes leg; extends thigh

 

Innervation: tibial nerve

Term

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Gracilis

Definition

Origin: pubis

Insertion: anterior surface of tibia inferior to medial condyle

Action: Flexes leg and adducts thigh


Innervation: Obturator nerve

Term

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Sartorius

Definition

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial surface of tibia near tibial tuberosity

Action: Flexes leg,  flexes and laterally rotates thigh


Innervation:  Femoral nerve

Term

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Rectus Femoris

(quadriceps)

Definition

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine


Insertion: Patella via a common quadriceps tendon 

Action: Extends leg, flexes thigh


Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term

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Vastus Intermedius

(quadriceps)

Definition

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Patella via a common quadriceps tendon

Action: Extends leg


Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term

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Vastus Lateralis

(quadriceps)

Definition

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Patella via a common quadriceps tendon 

Action: Extends leg


Innervation:  Femoral nerve

Term

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Vastus Medialis

(quadriceps)

Definition

Origin: Femur

Insertion: patella via a common quadriceps tendon

Action: Extends leg

 

Innervation:  Femoral nerve

Term

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Tibialis Anterior

Definition

Origin: Lateral shaft of tibia, interosseous membrane 

Insertion: Base metatarsal I, medial cuneiform bone

Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term

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Gastrocnemius

Definition

Origin: Medial belly: medial femoral condyle

 Lateral belly: lateral femoral condyle

Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Action: Plantar flexion of foot, flexes leg

 

Innervation: Tibial branch

Term

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Fibularis Brevis

Definition

Origin: shaft of fibula

 

Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal

 

Action: everts foot


Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Term

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Fibularis Longus

Definition

Origin: shaft of fibula

Insertion: Base of 1st metatarsal

Action: Everts and plantar flexes foot 

 

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Term

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Soleus

Definition

Origin: Proximal posterior shaft of tibia and fibula

Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneus tendon

Action: Plantar flexion at ankle; postural muscle when standing


Innervation:  Tibial nerve

Term

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Tibialis Posterior

Definition

Origin: Proximal posterior shaft of tibia and fibula; Interosseous membrane

 

Insertion: Navicular and cuneiform; metatarsals II-IV

 

Action: Plantar flexes and inverts foot

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term

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Plantaris

Definition

Origin: Posterior distal shaft of femur

 

Insertion: Calcaneus

 

Action: Plantar flexion of foot; flexion of leg

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term

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Flexor Digitorum Longus

Definition

Origin: Posterior middle shaft of tibia

 

Insertion: Inferior surfaces of phalanges, toes 2-5

 

Action: Plantar flexes toes 2-5, Plantar flexion and inversion of foot

 

Innervation: Tibial branch

Term

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Flexor Hallucis Longus

Definition

Origin: Posterior shaft of fibula; Interosseous membrane

 

Insertion: Distal phalanx of big toe

 

Action: Plantar flexes big toe, plantar flexion and inverson of foot

Term

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Extensor Digitorum Longus

Definition

Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Distal phalanges, toes 2-5

Action: Extension of toes 2-5

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term

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Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Definition

Origin: Dorsal calcaneus

 

Insertion: Joins tendon of extensor digitorum longus to toes 2-4

 

Action: Extension of toes 2-4

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term

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Extensor Hallucis Longus

Definition

Origin: Anterior shaft of fibula; Interosseous membrane

 

Insertion: Distal phalanx of big toe

 

Action: Extends big toe; inversion and dorsiflexion of foot

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term

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Extensor Hallucis Longus

Definition

Origin: Dorsal calcaneus


Insertion: Dorsal surface of proximal phalanx of big toe


Action: Extension of big toe


Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

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