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Lower Extremity
Origins, insertions, actions and innervations
22
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
04/14/2011

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Term
Plantaris
Definition
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action:Weak plantarflexion
Inner: Tibial nerve
Term
Soleus
Definition
Head of fibula; soleal line of tibia Calcaneus
Plantarflexes ankle
Tibial nerve
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Lateral and medial condyles of femur Calcaneus
Plantarflexes ankle AND flexes leg at knee*
Tibial nerve
Term
Biceps femoris
Definition
Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: linea aspera
Lateral side of fibular head
Flex leg at knee
Tibial nerve
Term
Semimembranosis
Definition
Ischial tuberosity
Medial condyle of tibia
Extend thigh; flex leg at knee
Tibial nerve
Term
Semitendinosis
Definition
Ischial tuberosity
Superomedial surface of tibia
Extend thigh; flex leg at knee
Tibial nerve
Term
Quadratus femoris
Definition
Ischial tuberosity Intertrochanteric crest
Lateral rotation when thigh is EXTENDED Nerve to quadratus femoris
Term
Superior/Inferior gemellus
Definition
X
X
Lateral rotation when thigh is EXTENDED
X
Term
Obturator internus
Definition
Ventral surface of obturator foramen Greater trochanter
Lateral rotation when thigh is EXTENDED
Nerve to Obturator internus
Term
Piriformis
Definition
Sacrum (ventral surface)
Greater trochanter
Lateral rotation when thigh is EXTENDED
X
Term
Tensor fascia lata
Definition
ASIS
IT band
Stabilize pelvis during weightbearing Superior gluteal nerve
Term
Gluteus minimus
Definition
Ilium
Greater trochanter
ABduct thigh; medial rotation Superior gluteal nerve
Term
Gluteus medius
Definition
Ilium
Greater trochanter
ABduct thigh; medial rotation
Superior gluteal nerve
Term
Gluteus maximus
Definition
Ilium; sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament
IT band
Extends thigh; weak lateral rotation Inferior gluteal nerve
Term
Pectineus
Definition
Superior Pubic ramus
Pectineal line of femur
Adduction of femur; flex femur; slight medial rotation
Femoral nerve
Term
Iliopsoas
Definition
Transverse processes of L1-L5
Lesser trochanter of femur
Flex hip
Lumbar nerves L1-3
Term
Sartorius
Definition
ASIS
Superomedial tibial ridge
(criss cross applesauce) laterally rotates, flexes and aBducts femur
Femoral nerve
Term
Quadriceps femoris
Definition
RF: AIIS
VL: Greater trochanter
VM: Intertrochanteric line
VI: anterior/lateral shaft of femur Via quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Extends leg at knee
Femoral nerve
Term
Adductor longus
Definition
Body of pubis
Middle 1/3 of linea aspera
Adducts femur
Obturator nerve
medial compartment
Term
Adductor brevis
Definition
Body of pubis
Proximal linea aspera
Adducts femur
Obturator nerve
Medial compartment
Term
Adductor magnus
Definition
Adductor part: inferior pubic ramus
Hamstrings part: ischial tuberosity Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, adductor tubercle
Adducts femur, extends femur (hamstring)
Obturator nerve; tibial nerve (hamstring)
medial compartment
Term
Gracilis
Definition
Body and inferior ramus of pubis Superomedial tibial ridge
Adducts femur; medially rotates

Obturator nerve
Medial compartment
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