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lower anatomy
quiz 6
115
Anatomy
Professional
02/14/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

what three bones contribute the acetabulum

Definition

 

 

 

ilium, ischium, pubis

Term

 

 

 

what is structural classification of the hip joint

Definition

 

 

 

synovial spheroid joint

Term

 

 

 

what is the functional classification of the hip joint

Definition

 

 

 

diarthrosis

Term

 

 

 

how many planes does the hip joint have motion in

Definition

 

 

 

three planes

triplanar

Term

 

 

 

 what movements are available at the hip joint

Definition

 

flexion

extension

abduction

adduction

circumduction

internal and external rotation

Term

 

 

 

what are the extrinsic ligaments of the hip

Definition

 

 

iliofemoral ligament

pubofemoral ligament

ischiofemoral ligament

Term

 

 

 

what do the extrinsic ligaments of the hip do

Definition

 

 

 

limit extension of the hip

Term

 

 

 

what are the proximal attachments of the iliofemoral ligament

Definition

 

 

 

inferior part of the AIIS

and the iliac part of the acetabular rim

Term

 

 

 

what are the two bands of the iliofemoral ligament

Definition

 

 

 

upper band

lower band

Term

 

 

 

where do the upper and lower bands of the iliofemoral ligament attach

Definition

 

 

 

upper = superior part of the intertrochanteric line

lower = inferior part of the intertrochanteric line

Term

 

 

 

what is the proximal attachment of the pubofemoral ligament

Definition

 

 

 

the pubic part of the acetabular rim and lateral part of superior pubic ramus

Term

 

 

 

what is the proximal attachment of the ischiofemoral ligament

Definition

 

 

 

ischial part of the acetabular rim

Term

 

 

 

where do the pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments blend with the hip joint capsule

Definition

 

 

 

pubofemoral = medially

ischiofemoral = at femoral neck

Term

 

 

 

what are the intrinsic ligaments of the hip joint

Definition

 

 

Zona obicularis

transverse acetabular ligament

ligamentum capitis femoris

Term

 

 

 

what is the zona orbicularis

Definition

 

 

 

thickened constricted area of the capsule around the neck of the femur

Term

 

 

 

a ligament with no bony attachments

Definition

 

 

 

zona orbicularis

Term

 

 

 

this converts the acetabular notch into the acetabular foramen

Definition

 

 

 

transverse acetabular ligament

Term

 

 

 

what are the attachments of ligamentum capitis femoris

Definition

 

 

 proximally to the margins of the acetabular notch and the transverse acetabular ligament within the acetabulum

distally to the margins of the fovea capitis femoris

Term

 

 

 

this ligament transmits an artery to the head of the femur and is important in infants under 3

Definition

 

 

 

ligamentum capitis femoris

Term

 

 

 

what is the proximal attachment of capsule 

 

 

Definition

 

 

 

the exterior rim of the acetabulum

Term

 

 

 

what are the distal, anterior, posterior attachements of the hip joint capsule

Definition

 

 

distal = neck of the femur

anterior = inferior margin of the femoral neck at the intertrochanteric line

posterior = to the mid region of the neck

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the retinacula

Definition

 

 

 

bundles of longitudinal capsular fibers that reflect superiorly along the femoral neck after having reached the inferior margin of the capsular limits

Term

 

 

 

what is the purpose of the retinacula

Definition

 

 

 

allows for passage of blood vessels from the capsule and synovial lining to the head of the femur

main area for passage of vessels to nourish head and neck of femur after 3

Term

 

 

 

what is the acetabular labrum

Definition

 

 

 

pad of fibrocartilage that lies along and attaches to the acetabular rim

Term

 

 

 

what is the function of the acetabular labrum

Definition

 

 

 

to deepen the joint which provides a better fit between the bone ends

Term

 

 

 

what is synovium

Definition

 

 

 

lines all the structures contained within the joint capsule except the articular surfaces of the bones

Term

 

 

 

what are the arteries that supply the hip joint

Definition

 

 artery to the ligamentum capitis femoris

medial femoral circumflex artery

lateral femoral circumflex artery

superior gluteal artery

inferior gluteal artery

Term

 

 

 

what is the artery to the ligamentum capitis femoris

Definition

 

 

branch of acetabular artery which is a branch of the posterior division of the obturator artery

passes into acetabulum via acetabular foramen

supplies head of femur but not primary supply after 3

Term

 

 

 

which branch of the medial femoral circumflex artery supplies the neck and head of the femur

Definition

 

 

 

acending branch passes along the intertrochanteric crest

Term

 

 

 

what branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery supplies the neck and head of the femur

Definition

 

 

 

ascending branch passes along the intertrochanteric line

Term

 

 

 

what does the ascending branch of the lateral and medial femoral circumflex arteries pass along to supply the neck and head of the femur

Definition

 

 

medial = intertrochanteric crest

lateral = intertrochanteric line

Term

 

 

 

this provides the major bloos supply to the head and neck of the femur after 3 yrs of age

Definition

 

 

 

trochanteric anastomosis

Term

 

 

 

what arteries are involved in the trochanteric anastomosis

Definition

 

 

superior gluteal artery

inferior gluteal artery

medial femoral circumfles

lateral femoral circumflex

Term

 

 

 

what arteries are involved in the cruciate anastomosis

Definition

 

 

medial femoral circumflex

inferior gluteal

lateral femoral circumflex

first perforating of the profunda femoris artery

Term

 

 

 

what branch of the lateral amd medial femoral circumflex arteries are involved in the cruciate anastomosis

Definition

 

 

 medial = transverse posterior

 

lateral = transverse anterior

Term

 

 

 

where is the cruciate anastomosis located at

Definition

 

 

 

near the lesser trochanter of the femur

Term

 

 

 

the largest sesamoid in the body

Definition

 

 

 

patella

Term

 

 

 

what does the patella articulate with

Definition

 

 

 

femur

Term

 

 

 

 

what does the patella do

Definition

 

 

 

provides leverage for the quadriceps femoris muscle

Term

 

 

 

what are the longitudinal rigdes on the patella

Definition

 

 

 

striae

Term

 

 

 

what are the two facets on the posterior side of the patella

Definition

 

 

lateral facet = articulates with lateral condyle of femur

 

medial facet = articulates with the medial condyle of the femur

Term

 

 

 

which parts of the patella are rough and which are smooth

Definition

 

 

 

rough = anterior side, medial, lateral, and superior edges of the posterior side

Smooth = posterior side for articulation with condyles

Term

 

 

 

when do patella centers of ossification appear and when do they fuse

Definition

 

 

 

appear = between 3 to 6 yrs of age

 

fuse = by puberty

Term

 

 

 

what do we get when the patella centers do not fuse

Definition

 

 

 

bipartite patella

Term

 

 

 

the shin bone

Definition

 

 

 

tibia

Term

 

 

 

what are the articulations of the tibia

Definition

 

 

superior = femur

lateral = fibula

inferior = talus

Term

 

 

 

what are the two large projections at the proximal end of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

medial and lateral condyles

Term

 

 

 

this is located on the inferior surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

fibular facet

Term

 

 

 

the central superior projection

Definition

 

 

 

intercondylar eminence

Term

 

 

 

the patellar tendon attaches here

Definition

 

 

 

tibial tuberosity

Term

 

 

 

large projection on the anterior surface of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

tibial tuberosity

Term

 

 

 

this is easily palpated inferior to the patella

Definition

 

 

 

tibial tuberosity

Term

 

 

 

what is located along the line that extends from the lateral edge of the tibial tuberosity to the lateral condyle

Definition

 

 

 

 

gerdys tubercle

Term

 

 

 

where does the iliotibial tract attach to

Definition

 

 

 

gerdys tubercle

Term

 

 

 

where is gerdys tubercle palpated at

Definition

 

 

 

just lateral to the apex of the patella with the knee extended

Term

 

 

 

what are the landmarks for the shaft of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

tibial tuberosity superioly

fibular notch inferiorly

Term

 

 

 

how is the shaft of the tibia divided

Definition

 

 

 

into thirds lengthwise

Term

 

 

 

what is the tibial crest

Definition

 

 

 

curved sharp anterior line on the shaft

Term

 

 

 

what is the medial surface of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

subcutaneous rounded surface that faces anteromedially

Term

 

 

 

what is the interosseous border/lateral border

Definition

 

 

 

the border that provides attachment for the interosseous membrane

intermediate to lateral and posterior surfaces

Term

 

 

 

what is the lateral /extensor surface of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

slightly concave surface that faces laterally and is lateral to the tibial crest

Term

 

 

 

what does the distal extermity of tibia articulate with

Definition

 

 

 

talus

Term

 

 

 

what is the pear shaped facet on teh lateral surface of the medial malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

talar articular facet

Term

 

 

 

what does the talar articular facet articulate with

Definition

 

 

 

talar body

Term

 

 

 

what is the inferior articular surface of the tibia called

Definition

 

 

 

tibial plafond

Term

 

 

 

what does the tibial plafond articulate with

Definition

 

 

 

talar body

Term

 

 

 

the horizontal groove on the posterior surface near the articular facet of the condyle

Definition

 

 

 

groove for insertion of semimembranosus muscle

Term

 

 

 

this extends from the fibular facet to the medial border at the junction of the proximal and middle thirds

Definition

 

 

 

popliteal line/soleal line

Term

 

 

 

this begins near the middle of the soleal line and extends inferiorly to the inferior one third

Definition

 

 

 

vertical line

Term

 

 

 

this is located inferior to the popliteal line and usually lateral to the vertical line

Definition

 

 

 

nutrient foramen

Term

 

 

 

the longitudinal depression on the posterior surface of the medial malleoulus

Definition

 

 

 

groove for tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus tendon

Term

 

 

 

sometimes called the third malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

posterior process

Term

 

 

 

this is the posterior lateral prominence of distal tibial extremity

Definition

 

 

 

posterior process

Term

 

 

 

what is the longitudinal depression over the posterior process of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

groove for flexor hallucis longus tendon

Term

 

 

 

 this articulates with the fibula at the tibiofibular syndesmosis

Definition

 

 

 

fibular notch

Term

 

 

 

this is a large triangular depression on the lateral surface of the distal extremity of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

fibular notch

Term

 

 

 

this articulates with the medial femoral condyle

Definition

 

 

 

 

articular facet of the medial condyle

Term

 

 

 

this articulates with the lateral femoral condyle

Definition

 

 

 

 

articular facet of the lateral condyle

Term

 

 

 

this lies intermediate to the medial and lateral tibial condyles and runs from the intercondylar eminence to the anterior surface of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

 anterior intercondylar fossa

Term

 

 

 

this lies intermediate to the tibial medial and lateral condyles from the intercondylar eminece to the posterior surface of the tibia

Definition

 

 

 

 

posterior intercondylar fossa

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the anterior projection at the inferior edge of the medial malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

anterior colliculus

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the posterior projection at the inferior edge of the medial mallelous

Definition

 

 

 

 

posterior colliculus

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the pear-shaped articular facet on the lateral surface of the medial malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

medial malleolar facet

Term

 

 

 

where is the primary center of ossification for the tibia and when does it appear

Definition

 

 

 

 

in the shaft at the 7th fetal week

Term

 

 

 

where are the secondary centers of ossification of the tibia at and when do they appear

Definition

 

 

 

one in each extremity

proximal appears at birth

distal appears by age 1

Term

 

 

 

 

when do the secondary centers of ossification of the tibia fuse

Definition

 

 

 

 

fuse in reverse order between 15 to 18

Term

 

 

 

this bone carries about 15% of the body weight

Definition

 

 

 

 

fibula

Term

 

 

 

what bones does the fibula articulate with

Definition

 

 

 

 

proximally and distally with the tibia

distomedially with the talus

Term

 

 

 

why is the proximal extremity of the fibula a important landmark

Definition

 

 

 

 

because the common fibular nerve passes superfically around the fibular head and neck and can be damaged through physician error

Term

 

 

 

where does the articular facet of the head of the fibular articulate at

Definition

 

 

 

 

articulates at the fibular facet on the lateral condyle of the tibia

Term

 

 

 

 

this is a small blunt superoposterolateral projection on the fibula

Definition

 

 

 

 

apex of the fibula/styloid process of the fibula

Term

 

 

 

what are the borders and surfaces of the shaft of the fibula

Definition

 

 

 

anterior border

interosseous border

medial surface/extensor surface

crista medialis/medial crest

posterior surface/flexor surface

Term

 

 

 

this splits at the distal extremity and forms the smooth lateral surface

Definition

 

 

 

 

anterior border

Term

 

 

 

 

this extends from the head to the roughened triangular area at the distal extremity

Definition

 

 

 

 

interosseous border

Term

 

 

 

 

what direction do the interosseous fibers run between the tibia and fibula

Definition

 

 

 

 

inferiorly from tibia to fibula  

 

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 this is the narrow area that runs intermediate to the anterior and interosseous borders extending from the head to the lateral malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

medial surface/extensor surface

Term

 

 

 

 

this is an oblique line on the posterior surface that extends from the head to the shafts distal 1/3

Definition

 

 

 

 

crista medialis/medial crest

Term

 

 

 

 

this surface is divided by the crista medialis

Definition

 

 

 

 

posterior surface

Term

 

 

 

this surface is located posterior to the interosseous border

Definition

 

 

 

 

posterior surface

Term

 

 

 

 

the foot plantar flexors attach to which fibular surface

Definition

 

 

 

 

posterior surface

Term

 

 

 

 

where is the nutrient foramen of the fibula located at

Definition

 

 

 

 

on the posterolateral surface posterior to the medial crest

Term

 

 

 

 

this is a large triangular surface for articulation the talar body

Definition

 

 

 

malleolar articular facet

Term

 

 

 

this is a deep fossa situated posterior to the facet of the lateral malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

lateral malleolar fossa/fibular fossa

Term

 

 

 

 

this is a shallow groove on the posterior border of the lateral malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

lateral malleolar sulcus

Term

 

 

 

 

this allows for passage of tendons, foot everters

Definition

 

 

 

 

lateral malleolar sulcus

Term

 

 

 

 

this surface is immeadiately posterior to the anterior border

Definition

 

 

 

 

lateral surface/fibular surface/peroneal surface

Term

 

 

 

the foot everters attach here

Definition

 

 

 

 

lateral surface of the fibula

Term

 

 

 

 

this seperates the lateral and posterior surfaces

Definition

 

 

 

 

posterior border

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the rounded distal end of the lateral malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

summit of the lateral malleolus

Term

 

 

 

where is the primary center of ossification of the fibula and when does it appear

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

in the shaft appears around 8th fetal week

Term

 

 

 

 

where are the secondary centers of ossification located at in the fibula and when do they appear

Definition

 

 

 

 one in each extremity

distal extremity during the first year

proximal extremity during the third year

Term

 

 

 

when do the secondary centers of ossification fuse in the fibula

Definition

 

 

 

fuse between 15 to 19 years in the same order

Term

 

 

 

how is tibiofibular torsion measured

Definition

 

 

 

 

the axis of the malleoli relative to the plane of the tibial condyles

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the tibiofibular torsion angle at birth and as an adult

Definition

 

 

 

 

at birth 0

adult usualy around 16 to 23 degrees externally rotated

 

Term

 

 

 

what is the clinical measurement of tibiofibular torsion called

Definition

 

 

 

 

malleolar position

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