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LM 8 Axial Skeleton Skull
LM 8 Axial Skeleton Skull
69
Anatomy
Not Applicable
10/04/2020

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Term
Occupital bone
Definition
The bone at the back of the skull that goes underneath as well. Separated from the parietal bones by the lambdoid suture
Term
Frontal Bone
Definition
The bone that is the top front of the head and goes down into making part of the orbits.Separated from the parietal bones by the coronal suture
Term
Parietal bones (2)
Definition
The bones on the top left and right of the skull. Separated from each other by the sagittal suture. Separated from the occipital bone by the lambdoid suture and from the frontal bone by the coronal suture.
Term
Ethmoid bone (1)
Definition
Located between the orbits and posterior to the nasal bones and the lacrimal bones. Makes up part of the orbital and is a bit spongy looking. Has the conchae on it.
Term
temporal bones (2)
Definition
Temples (where you'd strike with a bridge hand) Temporal > Sphenoid > Zygomatic > Ethmoid
Term
Spenoid (1)
Definition
(1) because its one long winged like bone that goes over to the other side. Anterior base of the cranium, butterfly shaped and form portion of the orbit. Has the sella turcica within it (holds the pituitary gland)
Term
Foramen (general)
Definition
holes/passageways for blood vessels
Term
Sutures (general)
Definition
Where bones connect by immovable joints
Term
Maxila or Maxillary Bone (2)
Definition
The bone near the philtrum, holds the top layer of the teeth and also touches the zygomatic bones and the nasal bones.
Term
Lacrimal bones (2)
Definition
The bone between the ethmoid bone and the nasal bones. Part of the optical where those little oval shaped gel things on eyeglasses rest.
Term
Inferior Nasal Concha (2)
Definition
Weird bone you can only see if the skull is cut midsagittal. There is actually a superior, middle and inferior
Term
Zygomatic bone (2)
Definition
Basically the cheek bone. It goes, Temporal, sphenoid, zygomatic and then ethmoid
Term
Palatine (2)
Definition
Roof of mouth but more deep because the immediate roof of the mouth is the Maxilla bones or the Maxillae
Term
Vomer (1)
Definition
Thin middle of the nose going back into the skull. From a inferior view it kind of looks like an upside down cross
Term
Mandible (1)
Definition
Basically the jaw bone or the bottom bone connected to the teeth.
Term
Coronal Suture
Definition
Separates the frontal bone and the parietal bones. The suture is positioned much like a coronal plane.
Term
Lambdoid Suture
Definition
Separates the occipital bone and parietal bones, looks like a upside down V. May not always be just one solid line (can contain Wormian (sutures/bones) or bone pieces made up from the sutures of this one.
Term
Squamous Suture
Definition
Separates the parietal bone from the temporal bone.
Term
External auditory meatus -
Definition
opening to the ear canal through which sound vibrations travel towards the ear drum, (tympanic membrane)
Term
Mastoid process
Definition
Dull bony posterior point of the temporal bone. I mistook it for the Zygomatic process the other day when I was touching Lorena's jaw
Term
Styloid Process
Definition
Thin spine located medial to the meatus - (which is the ear hole once again)
Term
Zygomatic process
Definition
It is located technically located on the temporal bone but looks like it is reaching over and on to the zygomatic bone.
Term
Mandibular Fossa
Definition
Depression just anterior to the meatus (ear hole). The Mandibular Condyle (or the very point of the mandible that connects it to the skulll) fits into this mandibular fossa so it can articulate (move)
Term
Mandibular condyle
Definition
The upper most pointed edge of the mandible that fits into the mandibular fossa to allow the jaw to move.
Term
Body of the Mandible
Definition
Large portion of the lower jaw that contains the teeth.
Term
Ramus
Definition
Wide branch of the Jaw on the side (like the edge of the jaw lower right or left close to the neck) It consists of the Mandibular Condyle the Mandibular notch and the coronoid process
Term
Coronoid Process
Definition
Attaches to the temporal process. Is the other side of the fork of the ramus compared to the mandibular condyle. Also allows for the mandible to attach to the skull.
Term
Mandibular Notch
Definition
The hole that is made because of the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process. Looks like a U shape underneath the zygomatic process
Term
Angle of the mandible
Definition
The very low edge of the ramus of the mandible. Very low point of the ramus on both sides of the jaw.
Term
Mental Foramen
Definition
The little holes in the mandible on the bottom that allow for veins to go through. (Remember that time shihan used a pressure point on your chin?) there
Term
Supra orbital foramen
Definition
Little holes above the orbital for veins
Term
Roof of orbital consists of what?
Definition
roof consists of orbital portion/plate of the frontal bone and lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
Term
optical foramen
Definition
little hole in the back of the orbital for eye veins to to in and out.
Term
Medial Wall of the orbital
Definition
Orbital plate of the ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla
Term
Orbital fissures
Definition
there is a superior and inferior orbital fissure at the back of the orbital
Term
Floor of the orbit
Definition
orbital process of the palatine bone, orbital surface of the maxilla
Term
Lateral Wall of orbit
Definition
Made up of the zygomatic process of the frontal bone, greater wing of the sphenoid bone, orbital surface of the zygomatic bone, superior and inferior orbital fissure and infraorbital foramen
Term
Rim of the orbit
Definition
Portions of the (outer ring) - frontal maxilla, zygomatic bones
Term
Nasal Cavity
Definition
consists of perpendicular plate of ethmoid, middle nasal conchae, vomer, inferior nasal septum and portions of the maxilla make up the lateral and inferior walls of the nasal cavity
Term
Teeth in maxillae and mandible
Definition
They are embedded in sockets called alveoli
Term
Calvarium
Definition
Another word for skull cap
Term
Intermaxillary suture
Definition
Connects the two sides of the maxillae under the roof of the mouth and at the philtrum area
Term
Cleft Palate Syndrome
Definition
When the maxillae bony hard palate (under roof of mouth) and the palatine don't fuse properly, this occurs
Term
Zygomatic Arch =
Definition
temporal process of the zygomatic bone + zygomatic process of the temporal bone

(from the inferior view of the skill it looks like it sticks out on the sides like a vent of some sort - like the ligar zeros from back in the day zoids)
Term
Foramen Magnum
Definition
The hole where the spinal chord connects to the brain by going through the inferior side of the occipital bone - it is the largest foramen in the skull
Term
Occipital condyles
Definition
rounded process that articulate with the first cervical vertebrae - they are just slight grooves that that first vertebrae would fit nicely in
Term
Jugular Foramen and Carotid canal
Definition
Foramen between the occipital and the temporal for the internal carotid artery to enter the cranial cavity Jugular foramen is larger than the carotid canal
Term
carotid canal
Definition
foramen in the temporal bone that allows for the passage of the internal carotid artery.
Term
Medial and Lateral Pterygoid Plates
Definition
On the inferior sphenoid bone. Kinda looks like bat wings - The medial is the inside edge of the bat wing while the lateral is the outside or whole body of the bat wing. Left is always larger than right.
Term
Anterior Cranial Fossa
Definition
Most anterior containing frontal lobe of the brain. It is also the most superior (higher up starting from the very top of the skull)
Term
Middle Cranial Fossa
Definition
The middle layer/level of the superior view of the cranial floor. Houses the temporal lobe of the brain.
Term
Posterior Cranial Fossa
Definition
The lowest/inferior and is the posterior layer which contains the cerebellum
Term
From a Superior view of the cranial floor you can observe these bones in the skull;
Definition
frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, temporal, and occipital (you will not see any facial bones or sutures from his view.
Term
Ethmoid from the superior view of the cranial floor will show these two
Definition
The middle line of the ethmoid called the crista galli (the middle line) and the cribriform foramina (the spongy area around the crista galli)
Term
Ethmoid from the midsagittal view
Definition
looks like a shark fin almost
Term
Paranasal Sinuses consist of the
Definition
frontal sinus ethmoid sinus maxillary sinus and sphenoid
Term
Frontal Sinus
Definition
The sinus above the eye
Term
Ethmoid Sinus
Definition
The sinuses between the eyes
Term
Maxillary Sinus
Definition
The sinus below the eyes and on the left and right side of the nose
Term
Fetal skulls have fontanels which are
Definition
soft spots within the sutures.
Anterior Fontanel, Posterior Fontanel, Sphenoid Fontanel and Mastoid fontanel
Term
Anterior Fontanel
Definition
between the frontal and parietal bones (looks like a diamond from the superior view of an infants skull)
Term
Posterior Fontanel
Definition
Between the occipital and parietal bones and looks like an upside down T from the superior view of an infants skull
Term
Sphenoid (anterolateral) fontanels
Definition
Located superior to the sphenoid bone (basically at the point where the parietal, sphenoid and frontal bones meet on an infants head)
Term
Mastoid (posterolateral) fontanel
Definition
Located posterior to the temporal bone (where the parietal, occipital and the temporal bones meet on an infants head)
Term
Mandibular Foramen
Definition
On the inside of the mandible along the side (on the internal side of the ramus there is a little hole)
Term
Ethmoid bone from a anterior view
Definition
Looks like a holy spaceship like a cross with wings. The cross is the perpendicular plate and the inside wing flaps are the concha (top one being superior nasal concha and the bottom being the middle nasal concha)
Crista galli is the pointed top while the cross in the T is the cribriform plate and the spongy parts are olfactory foramina
Term
The flat outside of the ethmoid bone is called the
Definition
orbital plate
Term
Spongy bone on the ethmoid bone is called the
Definition
cribriform plate
Term
Sphenoid bone (superior view)
Definition
optic foramen - dark little holes
Lesser wing - looks like a sting ray shell
greater wing looks like mountain peaks
sella turcica (can only be seen from superior view)
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