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LG Brain and Cranial Nerves
N/A
31
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
03/07/2014

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Term
Forebrain aka
divisions (2)
Definition
prosencephalon

cerebrum (cerebral hemispheres)
diencephalon
Term
midbrain aka
Definition
mesencephalon
Term
hindbrain aka
divisions (2)
Definition
metencephalon (pons + cerebrum)
myenlencephalon (medulla oblongata)
Term
brain stem divisions
Definition
midbrain + hindbrian only
thalamus, being part of the forebrain, is not included
Term
cerebral hemispheres--lobes, gyri, fissures, sulci
composition + fcns
Definition
gray matter (neuron cell bodies) at surface
white matter (axon bundles) deeper

fcn: conscious thought processes, intellectual fcns, memory storage and retrieval, voluntary motor activities
Term
cerebral hemisphere--basal nuclei
define + fcn
Definition
clusters of neuron cell bodies in deep retions of cortex
fcn: subconscious modulation of voluntary motor commands
Term
limbic system divisions (4) + fcn
Definition
limbic lobe
hippocampus
amygdaloid body
fornix

fcn: processing memories, forming emotions and drives
Term
diencephalon divisions (3)
Definition
epithalamus
thalamus
hypothalamus
Term
epithalamus
part of...
contains...
fcn...
Definition
part of diencephalon
contains pineal gland
makes melatonin, circadian rythem
Term
thalamus
part of...
location...
fcn...
Definition
part of diencephalon
pari of thalami surround the third ventricle
fcn: a Complex fo nuclei that serve as a way of station for all incoming sensory info (from all parts of the body except olfactory lobes). relays somatosensory info to cerebral cortex
Term
hypothalamus
part of...
locaation...
fcn...
Definition
part of diencephalon
surrounds third ventricle
fcns: emotional and visceral center, controls pituitary gland, autonomic nervous sys, body temp, satiety
master control of endocrine sys
Term
midbrain/mesencephalon components (3)
Definition
tectum (roof) w/ corpora quadrigemina
cerebral aqueduct
cerebral peduncles (white matter)
Term
tectum
part of...
divisions + fcns...
Definition
part of midbrain

superior colliculi--visual reflexes
inferior colliculi--auditory reflexes
Term
cerebral peduncles (define)
Definition
white matter of midbrain; bundles of myelinated axons ascending to thalamus, and descending to spinal cord
Term
metencephalon divisions
Definition
pons
cerebellum
Term
pons define + fcn
Definition
"bridge"
are the middle cerebellar peduncles connecting axons from either side of the cerebellum
two other cerebellar peduncles contain axons from the midbrain (superior CP) and from medulla oblongata (the inferior CP)

fcn: smooth movement (gets ifno from prefronal gyrus; sends to CB)

has various nuclei; many associated w/ cranial nerve cell bodies
Term
cerebellum
fcns
Definition
consists of two hemispheres
det muscle lenght and tension
subconscious maintenance of posture and equilibrium
programming and fine tuning of voluntary and involuntary movement
Term
medulla oblongata fcns
Definition
connects brain stem and spinal cord
many ascendign and descending tracts form the white matter of the organ
grey matter contains relay centerrs for incoming sensory neurons for the cell boodies of five cranial nerves
reflex centers for rtgulation of unconcious activities such as resp, heart rate and blood flow
Term
ventricles of the brain (4)
Definition
1 lateral ventricles (2) within cerebral hemispheres
2 third ventricle w/in diencephalon
3 cerebral aqueduct within midbrain
4 fourth ventricle w/in hindbrain
Term
left frontal lobe (2)

left parietal lobe
Definition
broca: speech prod
primary motor cortex

weirnicke: understanding speech
primary somatosensory cortex: skin and touch
Term
endothelial cells sit on _____ and are continous. tight jcns interconnect cells
Definition
basement memb (x)
Term
choroid plexus (location and fcn)
Definition
main source of cerebrospinal fluid
found in each ventricle
Term
cranial nerves that also cary parasympathetic neurons (4)
Definition
3, 7, 9, 10
Term
cerebral hemisphere cranial nerves
Definition
1-olfactory nerve
2-optic nerve
Term
midbrain cranial nerves
Definition
3-occulomotor nerve
4-trochlear nerve
Term
pons cranial nerves
Definition
5-trigeminal nerve (largest cranial nerve0
a. V1-ophthalamic branch
b. V2-maxillary branch
c. V3-mandibular branch
6-abducens nerve
7-facial nerve
8-vestibulococlear nerve
Term
medulla oblongata cranial nerves
Definition
8-vestibulococlear nerve (vestibular division)
9-glossopharyngeal nerve
10-vagus nerve
11-accessory nerve
12-hypoglossal ("under the tongue")
Term
tracks (define)
associated
commisural
projection
Definition
bundles of axons
associated tracts interconnect lobes
commisural tracts interconnect hemispheres
projection tracts leave hemispheres to connect other parts of the CNS
Term
cranial nerves going thru superior orbital fissure (sphenoid bone)
Definition
oculomotor
trochlear
trigeminal V1-opthalmic
abducens
Term
cranial nerves going thru internal auditory maeatus (temporal bone) to stylomastoid foramen
Definition
facial
vestibulochlear
Term
cranial nerves going thru jugular foramen (occipital bone)
Definition
glossopharyngeal
vagus
spinal accessory (after going thru foramen magnum)
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