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LFCC Bio 141
Lab 5
41
Anatomy
Not Applicable
09/21/2010

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Term
Epiphysis
Definition
ends of bone
Term
Diapysis
Definition
long, hollow shaft of bone
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
the flared region where the epiphysis and diaphysis meet
Term
Medullary cavity
Definition
cavity within diaphysis that contains yellow marrow
Term
Spongy bone
Definition
porous bone tissue that contains red marrow and forms the inner portion of diaphysis and most of epiphysis
Term
Compact bone
Definition
dense bone tissue that forms most of the diaphysis
Term
Periosteum
Definition
dense fibrous membrane covering bone surface
Term
Endosteum
Definition
lining of medullary cavity
Term
Osteon
Definition
structural unit of compact bone [pattern of concentric rings [aka: Haversioan systems]
Term
Osteocyte
Definition
[mature] bone cells found in lacunae
Term
Trabeculae
Definition
latticework of thin, bony plates which make up spongy bone
Term
Epiphyseal plate
Definition
growth plate which generates new cells till about age 17
Term
dipole
Definition
center core of spongy bones
Term
flat bone consists of
Definition
2 layers of dense bone surrounding central core of spongy bone [dipole]
Term
lamellae
Definition
rings that encircle central canal
Term
lacunae
Definition
small spaces within and between lamellae
Term
osteoblasts
Definition
precurser cells that are responsible for production of new bone
Term
osteogenisis
Definition
production of new bone
Term
osteoclasts
Definition
giant cells w/ 50+ nuclei that remove bone matrix
Term
Anulus fibrosus
Definition
tough outer layer of fibrocartilage
Term
Nucleus Pulposus
Definition
soft, elastic gelatinous core
Term
Slipped Disc
Definition
compression of nucleus pulposus dostort annulus fibrosus forcing it partway into vertebral canal [Whiplash]
Term
Herniated Disc
Definition
Nucleus pulposus breaks thorugh annulus fibrosus and protrudes into vertebral canal.
- sensory nerves distorted
- partial loss of control over skeletal muscles.
Term
Shoulder Joint
Definition
ball and socket joint
Term
Elbow joint
Definition
complex hinge joint
Term
Hip joint
Definition
ball and socket joint
Term
knee joint
Definition
complicated hinge joint
Term
What causes "popping" sound when you crack your knucles?
Definition
1. when joint pulled tight, small ligaments or musles tighten and snap across bony protuberances of joint.
2. when joint pulled apart, air can pop out from between bones, creating vacuum that produces popping noise
3. when fluid pressure of synovial fluid reduced by slow articulation of joint, tiny gas bubbles in fluid may burst.
Term
Gliding
Definition
carpal, tarsal
Term
Hinge
Definition
elbow, knee
Term
Pivot
Definition
atlas/axis
Term
Saddle
Definition
carpometacarpal joint of thumb
Term
Ball-and-Socket
Definition
shoulder, hip
Term
Ellipsoidal [Condyloid]
Definition
modified ball-and-socket. metacarpophalangeal [knuckle, not thumb]
Term
Flexion
Definition
bending motion in which angle between two bones decreased
Term
Extension
Definition
straightening motion in which angle between two bones increases [often restores a body part to correct anatomical position]
Term
Abduction
Definition
movement of a limb away from midline of body; movement of fingers or toes away from longitudinal axis of hand or foot [spreading fingers]
Term
Circumduction
Definition
movement in which distal end of bone moves in a circular motion while proximal end remains stable: as when you move your arm in a large circle
Term
Rotation
Definition
movement of bone around its longitudinal axis; shaking head no
Term
Inversion
Definition
movement of sole of foot inward [medially]
Term
Eversion
Definition
movement of sole of foot outward [laterally]
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