Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Lesson 9
Muscle Organization
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
07/07/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
can be convergent, parallel, circular, and pennate
Term
Parallel Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
Long axis runs parallel (like rectus abdominis and sartorius)
Term
Convergent Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
Broad origin, converge towards insertion; narrows (pectoralis major)
Term
Circular Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
Concentric rings (orbicularis oris, orbicularis oris)
Term
Pennate Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate
Term
Unipennate Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
muscles all attached on one side of tendon; half of a feather
Term
Bipennate Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
muscle on both sides of tendon; whole feather; (rectus femoris)
Term
Multipennate Arrangement of Fascicles
Definition
multiple feathers/bipennates; (deltoid)
Term
Naming Muscles
Definition
Methods involve considering action, body region, attachments, orientation, shape/size, and/or # of attachments
Term
Facial Expressions
Definition
shape of facial expressions delienated by musculature
Term
Brachial Muscles
Definition
Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, triceps brachii
Term
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Definition
Suprasinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis (SITS--all but subscapularis inserts on greater tubercle; the last, lesser tubercle)
Term
Interbuercular Grove Muscles
Definition
Pectoralis Major, Teres Major, and Latissimus Dorsi (two majors and a mus)
Term
Quadriceps Muscle
Definition
all insert on tibial tuberosity (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis)
Term
Hamstring Muscles
Definition
All originate on ischial tuberosity; biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus
Term
Agonist
Definition
primary mover muscle--produces a particular movement
Term
Antagonist
Definition
Opposes the agonist
Term
Synergist
Definition
Aids the primem mover
Term
Fixator
Definition
a synergist that assists the agonist by stabilizing the joint
Term
Muscular Dystrophy
Definition
inherited group of muscle disorders; muscles enlarge, though muscle fibers atrophy; most common and serious form is duchenne; x-linked
Term
Flexion
Definition
a type of movement that decreases the angle of a joint
Term
dorsiflexion
Definition
an example of flexion that decreases the joint angle; raising the feet and toes toward the body
Term
plantar flexion
Definition
a type of flexion that increases the join angle--e.g., extending the foot
Term
extension
Definition
a type of movement that increases the angle join in a sagittal plane, e.g., straightening the knee
Term
hyperextension
Definition
bending a joint beyond its normal resting extended position
Term
abduction
Definition
movement of a body part away from main axis, lateral movement
Term
adduction
Definition
movement of a body part toward the main body axis
Term
rotation
Definition
turning of a bone such as the radius around its own axis (e.g.,supination and pronation)
Term
Supination
Definition
turning arms for palms facing up (turning backward)
Term
Pronation
Definition
turning arms for palms facing down (turning forward)
Term
Circumduction
Definition
circular movement of a body segment, such as the limb
Term
inversion
Definition
refers to the medial rotation of the foot frequently leading to a sprained ankle (soles face inward)
Term
Eversion
Definition
lateral rotation of the foot, soles facing outward
Term
Protraction
Definition
nonangular movement of body part forward, e.g., anterior thrust of the lower jaw
Term
Retraction
Definition
posterior movement of a body part, e.g., squaring the shoulders
Term
Elevation
Definition
portion of body lifted superiorly, e.g., shoulder shrug
Term
Depression
Definition
position of body moved inferiorly, e.g., lowering the mandible
Supporting users have an ad free experience!