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Lecture Test 5
ugh more muscles
208
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
04/04/2011

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Term
name the muscles of the anterior thigh
Definition
sartorius, rectus femoris, vastas lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
Term
origin of the sartorious
Definition
anterior superior iliac spine
Term
insertion of the sartorious
Definition
upper anteromedial tibia, just below condyle
Term
action of the sartorius
Definition
flex tibia
flex thigh
rotate thigh laterally
Term
innervation of sartorious
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
what muscles make up the quadriceps
Definition
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
Term
origin of rectus femoris
Definition
anterior inferior iliac spine and rim of acetabulum
Term
insertion of rectus femoris
Definition
anterior middle base of patella
Term
action of rectus femoris
Definition
extend leg
flex thigh
Term
innervation of rectus femoris
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
origin of vastus lateralis
Definition
intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter of femur. gluteal tuberosity and lateral linea aspera
Term
insertion of vastus lateralis
Definition
lateral base of patella
Term
action of vastus lateralis
Definition
extend leg
Term
innervation of vastus lateralis
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
origin of vastus medialis
Definition
intertrochanteric line, medial linea aspera and medial supracondylar line
Term
insertion of vastus medialis
Definition
medial base of patella
Term
action of vastus medialis
Definition
extend leg
draw patella medially
Term
innervation of vastus medialis
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
origin of vastus intermedius
Definition
upper anterolateral shaft of femur, lateral lip of the linea aspera
Term
insertion vastus intermedius
Definition
posterior middle base of patella
Term
action of vastus intermedius
Definition
extend leg
Term
innervation of vastus intermedius
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
what is the innervation of all muscles of the anterior thigh
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
what muscles of the anterior thigh flex the thigh
Definition
sartorius
rectus femoris
Term
what muscles of the anterior thigh extend the leg
Definition
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
Term
what are the muscles of the medial thigh
Definition
pectineus
adductor longus
adductor brevis
gracilis
adductor magnus
Term
origin of pectineus
Definition
pectineal line of pubis
Term
insertion of pectineus
Definition
pectineal line of femur inferior to the lesser trochanter
Term
action of the pectineus
Definition
adduct femur
laterally rotate femur
flexion of femur
Term
innervation of pectineus
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
origin of adductor longus
Definition
front of pubis just below pubis tubercle
Term
insertion of adductor longus
Definition
middle half of medial linea aspera of femur
Term
action of adductor longus
Definition
adduct femur
lateral rotation of femur
Term
innervation of adductor longus
Definition
obturator nerve
Term
origin of adductor brevis
Definition
inferior pubis ramus
Term
insertion of adductor brevis
Definition
pectineal line and upper medial linea aspera of femur
Term
action of adductor brevis
Definition
adduct femur
laterally rotate femur
Term
innervation of adductor brevis
Definition
obturator nerve
Term
origin of gracilis
Definition
lower pubic symphysis and inferior margin of inferior pubic ramus
Term
insertion of gracilis
Definition
upper anteromedial tibia, just below condyle
Term
action of gracilis
Definition
adduct femur
flexes tibia
medially rotates flexed tibia
Term
innervation of gracilis
Definition
obturator nerve
Term
origin of adductor magnus
Definition
inferior ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosity
Term
insertion of adductor magnus
Definition
medial gluteal tuberosity. medial linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle of femur
Term
action of adductor magnus
Definition
adduct femur
U= assists in lateral rotation of femur
L= assist in extension of femur
Term
innervation of adductor magnus
Definition
obturator nerve and tibial nerve
Term
what is one action all muscles of the medial thigh can do
Definition
adduct femur
Term
what muscle of the medial thigh does not become innervated by the obturator nerve
Definition
pectineus
Term
what are the muscles of the anterolateral leg
Definition
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
extensor hallicus longus
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
Term
origin of tibialis anterior
Definition
lateral tibia and interosseous membrane
Term
insertion of tibialis anterior
Definition
plantar surface medial side, first cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
Term
action of tibialis anterior
Definition
dorsiflex flex foot
invert foot
Term
innervation of tibialis anterior
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
origin of extensor digitorum longus
Definition
tibia
fibula
interosseous membrane
Term
insertion of extensor digitorum longus
Definition
dorsal bases middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth digits
Term
action of extensor digitorum longus
Definition
extend digits 2-5 DIP PIP and MP joints
dorsiflex foot
Term
innervation of extensor digitorum longus
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
origin of fibularis tertius
Definition
distal 1/3 of fibular and interosseous membrane
Term
insertion of fibularis tertius
Definition
dorsal base of fifth metatarsal
Term
action of fibularis tertius
Definition
dorsiflex foot
evert foot
Term
innervation of fibularis tertius
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
origin of extensor hallacis longus
Definition
middle anterior fibular and interosseuous membrane
Term
insertion of extensor hallacis longus
Definition
dorsal base
distal phalanx of big toe
Term
action of extensor hallucis longus
Definition
extend hallux at IP and MP
dorsiflex foot
Term
innervation of extensor hallucis longus
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
origin of fibularis longus
Definition
lateral surface of upper half of fibula
Term
insertion of fibularis longus
Definition
plantar surface, first cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
Term
action of fibularis longus
Definition
plantar flex foot
evert foot
Term
innervation of fibularis longus
Definition
superficial fibular nerve
Term
origin of fibularis brevis
Definition
lower 2/3 of lateral fibula
Term
insertion of fibularis brevis
Definition
tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
Term
action of fibularis brevis
Definition
plantar flex foot
evert foot
Term
innervation of fibularis brevis
Definition
superficial fibular nerve
Term
what muscles of the anterolateral leg have the deep fibular nerve for innervation
Definition
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
extensor hallacis longus
Term
what muscles of the anterolateral leg have superficial fibular nerve for their innervation
Definition
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
Term
what muscles of the anterolateral leg dorsiflex the foot
Definition
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
extenson hallucis longus
Term
what muscles of the anterolateral leg plantar flex the foot
Definition
fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
Term
what muscles of the anterolateral leg invert the foot
Definition
tibialis anterior
Term
what muscles of the anterolateral leg evert the foot
Definition
fibularis tertius
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
Term
what are the muscles of the dorsal foot
Definition
dorsal interossei
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis
Term
origin of the dorsal interossei
Definition
adjacent sides and bases of metatarsals 1-5
Term
insertion of dorsal interossei
Definition
1st muscle on medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe; 2nd 3rd and 4th muscles on lateral side of proximal phalanx of toes 2,3,4, respectively (extensor expansion)
Term
action of doral interossei
Definition
abduct digits 2-4
assists in flexion of digits 2-4 using metatarsal-phalangeal joints
assist lumbricals in extending middle and distal phalanges 2-4 at DIP and PIP
Term
innervation of dorsal interossei
Definition
lateral plantar nerve
Term
origin of extensor digitorum brevis
Definition
superior, anterior surface of calcaneus
Term
insertion of extensor digitorum brevis
Definition
lateral side of extensor digitorum longus tendons of digits 2-4
Term
action of extensor digitorum brevis
Definition
extends digits 2-4 of all joints especially when dorsiflexed
Term
innervation of extensor digitorum brevis
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
origin of extensor hallucis brevis
Definition
superior anterior side of calcaneous
Term
insertion of extensor hallucis brevis
Definition
dorsal base of proximal phalanx of digit 1
Term
action of extensor hallucis brevis
Definition
extends hallux of MP especially when foot is dorsiflexed
Term
innervation of extensor hallucis brevis
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
what tendons are also considered to be part of the dorsum of foot
Definition
extensor hallucis longus
eexensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
tibialis anterior
Term
name the muscles that manipular pectoral girdle and brachium from anterior thorax
Definition
pectoralis major
pectoralis minor
subclavius
deltoid
Term
the origins of pectoralis major
Definition
1. clavicle portion-medial half of clavicle
2. costosternal portion-anterior surface of sternum and costal cartilages of upper six ribs
3. abdominal portion-aponeurotic tendon of external abdominis oblique
Term
insertion of pectoralis major
Definition
lateral lip of the bicipital groove of humerus
Term
action of pectoralis major
Definition
adduct humerus
medially rotate humerus
flexion of humerus
Term
innervation of pectoralis major
Definition
anterior thoracic nerves ( medial and lateral pectoral nerves)
Term
origin pectoralis minor
Definition
external surface of 3rd through 5th ribs
Term
insertion of pectoralis minor
Definition
medial border of coracoid process of scapula
Term
action of pectoralis minor
Definition
depress coracoid process
elevates ribs 3-5 ribs
Term
innervation of pectoralis minor
Definition
medial anterior thoracic (pectoral nerve)
Term
origin of subclavius
Definition
1st rib at the point of its junction with its cartilage
Term
insertior of subclavius
Definition
subclavian groove of clavicle
Term
action of subclavius
Definition
depress clavicle
Term
innervation of subclavius
Definition
nerve to subclavius (5th and 6th cervical)
Term
origin of deltoid
Definition
lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion process, and the spine of the scapula
Term
insertion of the deltoid
Definition
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Term
action of deltoid
Definition
all three heads abduct the humerus
anterior head= flex humerus
posteror head= extend and laterally rotates humerus
Term
innervation of deltoid
Definition
axillary nerve
Term
what are the muscles of the anterior humeral surface
Definition
coracobrachialis
brachialis
biceps brachii
Term
origin of coracobrachialis
Definition
coracoid process of scapula
Term
insertion of coracobrachialis
Definition
medial surface of humerus at midshaft
Term
action of coracobrachialis
Definition
flex humerus
adduct humerus
stabilize glenohumeral joint
Term
innervation of coracobrachialis
Definition
musculocutaneous nerve
Term
origin of brachialis
Definition
anterior and distal 2/3 of humerus
Term
insertion of brachialis
Definition
coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
Term
action of brachialis
Definition
flex forearm
Term
innervation of brachialis
Definition
musculocutaneous and radial nerves
Term
action of brachialis
Definition
flex forearm
Term
origin of the biceps brachii
Definition
a. long head= supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
b. short head= coracoid process of spapula
Term
insertion of biceps brachii
Definition
radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
Term
action of biceps brachii
Definition
flex forearm
supination
flex humerus
Term
innervation of biceps brachii
Definition
musculocutaneous nerve
Term
what are the muscles on the posterior humeral surface
Definition
triceps brachii
anconeus
Term
origin of triceps brachii
Definition
1= long head- tendon from infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
2= lateral head- lateral surface of humerus superior to radial groove
3= medial head- posterior lower 1/2 of humerus above olecranon fossa
Term
insertion of triceps brachii
Definition
olecranon process of ulna
Term
action of triceps brachii
Definition
extend forearm
long head- adduct humerus
stabilizes humeral head during abduction
Term
innervation of triceps brachii
Definition
radial nerve
Term
origin of anconeus
Definition
lateral epicondyle of humerus
Term
insertion of anconeus
Definition
posterior surface of proximal end of ulna and olecranon process of ulna
Term
action of acnoneus
Definition
extend forearm
Term
innervation of anconeus
Definition
radial nerve
Term
the spinal nerves group onto how many major plexuses
Definition
4
Term
what are the major plexusis
Definition
cervical
brachial
lumbar
sacral
Term
what comprises the cervical plexus
Definition
nerve roots from C1-C4 with contributions from C5.
Term
where is the cervical plexus located
Definition
on the side of the neck adjacent to the first four cervical vertebrae
Term
what forms the superior loop of the ansa cervicalis
Definition
C1 joints with the cranial XII (Hypoglossal)
Term
what does the superior loop of the ansa cervicalis do?
Definition
sends innervation branches to the infrahyoid
thyrohyoid
and genrohyoid muscles
Term
what forms the inferior loop of the ansa cervicalis
Definition
c2 and c3 joints
Term
what does the inferior loop of the ansa cervicalis do?
Definition
sends innervation branches to the omohyoid
sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles
Term
what forms the phrenic nerve and where does it go to
Definition
c3 c4 and c5

goes to diaphragm
Term
what is responsible for cutaneous innervation
Definition
superficial branches from the cervical plexus
Term
what innervates the skin of scalp behind and above the ear
Definition
lesser occipital (c2-c3)
Term
what innervates the skin in front below and over the ear and over the parotid glands
Definition
greater auricular (c2-c3)
Term
what innervates the skin over the anterior aspect of the neck
Definition
transverse cervical (c2-c3).
Term
innervates the skin over the upper portion of chest and shoulders
Definition
supraclavicular (c3-c4)
Term
what is the brachial plexus comprised of
Definition
nerves from c5-T1 with specific articulations from C4 and T2
Term
what constitutes the brachial plexus
Definition
the entire nerve supply to the upper extremity and shoulder region
Term
what forms the superior trunk
Definition
roots from c5 and c6 unite
Term
what becomes middle trunk
Definition
c7
Term
what becomes inferior trunk
Definition
c8 and T1
Term
each trunk divides into what divisions
Definition
anterior and posterior
Term
what forms cords
Definition
each division unites to form cords
Term
what forms the posterior cord
Definition
union of the posterior divisions of all three trunks
Term
what is the medial cord
Definition
the continuation of an the anterior division of the inferior trunk
Term
what is the lateral cord
Definition
result of the anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
Term
what important nerves arise from brachial plexus
Definition
radial
medial
ulnar
Term
what does the radial nerve supply
Definition
the muscles on the posterior aspect of the arm and forearm.
Term
what does the median nerve supply
Definition
most of the muscles of the anterior forearm and some of the muscles in the palm
Term
what does the unlar nerve supply
Definition
the anteromedial muscles of the forearm and most of the muscles of the palm
Term
what forms the lumbar plexus
Definition
ventral rami of spinal nerves L1 to L4.
Term
what does the lumbar plexus supply
Definition
anterolateral abdominal wall, external genitals and part of the lower extremity
Term
what is the largest nerve from the lumbar plexus
Definition
femoral
Term
to cremaster muscle, skin over middle anterior surface of thigh, and external genitals
Definition
genitofemoral
Term
to skin over lateral anterior and posterion thigh
Definition
lateral femoral cutaneous
Term
to flexor muscles of thigh, skin over media aspect of thigh
Definition
obturator
Term
other major nerves of the lumbar plexus
Definition
iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal
genitofemoral
lateral femoral cutaneous
femoral
obturator
Term
other major nerves of the lumbar plexus
Definition
iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal
genitofemoral
lateral femoral cutaneous
femoral
obturator
Term
what is formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves L4 and S4
Definition
sacral plexus
Term
where does the sacral plexus supply
Definition
the buttocks, perineum, and lower extremities.
Term
what largest nerve of the body and also of sacral plexus
Definition
sciatic nerve
Term
what does the sciatic nerve supply
Definition
the entire musculature of the leg and foot
Term
what does the sciatic divide into
Definition
common fibula and tibual nerve
Term
name the anterior forearm muscles
Definition
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
felxor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus
Term
origin of pronator teres
Definition
2 heads
humeral head of muscle-medial epicondyle of humerus
ulna head of muscle-medial side coronoid process of ulna
Term
insertion of pronator teres
Definition
lateral surface of the radius midway down body
Term
action of pronator teres
Definition
pronation and flexion of forearm
Term
innervation of pronator teres
Definition
median nerve
Term
origin of flexor carpi radialis
Definition
medial epicondyle of humerus
Term
insertion of flexor carpi radialis
Definition
ventral base of second metacarpal bone
Term
action of flexor carpi radialis
Definition
flex wrist
pronation of forearm
abduction of hand/wrist
flexion of forearm
Term
innervation of flexor carpi radialis
Definition
median nerve
Term
origin of palmaris longus
Definition
medial epicondyle of humerus
Term
insertion of palmaris longus
Definition
palmar aponeurosis of palm of hand and anterior transverse carpal ligament
Term
action of palmaris longus
Definition
flex wrist
tenses palmar aponeurosis
forearm flexion
Term
innervation of palmaris longus
Definition
median nerve
Term
origin of flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
medial epicondyle of humerus
medial side of olecranon process
Term
insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
pisiform
hook of hamate and palmar base of 5th metacarpal
Term
action of flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
flex wrist
adduction of wrist
Term
innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
ulnar nerve
Term
origin of flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition
medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
radial shaft at proximal end
Term
insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition
splits to attach to the margin of middle phalanx of digits 2-5
Term
action of flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition
flex proximal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5 MP and PIP
flexion of wrist
flexion of forearm
Term
origin of flexor digitorum profundus
Definition
ulna and inerosseous membrane
Term
insertion of flexor digitorum profundus
Definition
base of distal phalanx of digits 2-5
Term
action of flexor digitorum profundus
Definition
flex distal phalanx digits 2-5 DIP PIP MP
flexion of wrist
Term
innervation of flexor digitorum profundus
Definition
lateral side= median nerve
medial side= ulnar nerve
Term
origin of flexor pollicis longus
Definition
radius and interosseous membrane
Term
insertion of flexor pollicis longus
Definition
base of the distal phalanx in thumb
Term
action of flexor pollicis longus
Definition
flexes first digit
IP MP and CMC
Term
innervation of flexor pollicis longus
Definition
medial nerve
Term
origin of pronator quadratus
Definition
distal 1/4 anterior surface of ulna
Term
insertion of pronator quadratus
Definition
anterior aspect of the distal 1/4 lateral border of radius
Term
action of pronator quadratus
Definition
pronate forearm
Term
innervation of pronator quadratus
Definition
median nerve
Term
what muscle of the anterior forearm is absent in most people
Definition
palmaris longus
Term
what muscles of the anterior forearm are not innervated by the median nerve
Definition
flexor carpi ulnaris
and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus
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