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Lecture 8
Joints
32
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/01/2012

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Term
Joint
Definition
The region where two or more bones conjoin
Term
Fibrous Joints
Definition
-Dense regular CT connects bones
-Occur in sutures of cranial bones and the interosseous membranes of some long bones
Term
Synarthroses
Definition
Fibrous joints.
-Immovable
Term
Cartilaginous Joints
Definition
-Cartilage binds the bones
-Occur in epiphyseal plates and symphyses
Term
Amphiarthroses
Definition
Cartilaginous joints.
-Slightly movable
Term
Synovial Joints
Definition
-Ligaments support articulating bones
-Bone ends separated by a joint cavity
Term
relative range of motion
Definition
the number of degrees through which a bone can move relative to another bone at that joint
Term
Joint movement is restricted by:
Definition
-joint capsule
-associated ligaments
-muscles and their tendons
-design of bones in the joint
Term
Diarthroses
Definition
Synovial joints.
-Freely movable
Term
Synovial joints have features that:
Definition
-dampen vibration
-reduce shock
-reduce friction
-create smooth movement
Term
Gomphosis
Definition
Root of tooth attached to jaw by strong fibers
*Synarthrosis
Term
Articulations
Definition
Joints
Term
Suture
Definition
-Dense regular CT binds bones
-Immovable joint
*Synarthrosis
Term
Syndesmosis
Definition
-Bones held together by interosseous ligaments
-Slight movement
*Amphiarthrosis
Term
Structures of Diarthroses
Definition
-ligaments
-articular capsule
-synovial membrane
-joint cavity
-ends of bones lined w/ articular cartilage
Term
Hinge joint
Definition
-permits bending in only one plane
-most common kind of synovial joint
Term
Pivot joint
Definition
Permits rotational movement about a longitudinal axis
Term
Gliding (Plane) Joint
Definition
Side-to-side movements
Term
Condyloid (Ellipsoidal) Joint
Definition
Biaxial movements (movements in two places)
Term
Symphysis
Definition
Bones connected by fibrocartilage
Term
Synchondrosis
Definition
Bones connected by hyaline cartilage
Term
Saddle joints
Definition
Wide range of movement
Term
Ball and socket joint
Definition
Provides greatest range of movement
Term
Joints are classified by their:
Definition
Structure and movement
Term
Joint classifications based on structure:
Definition
-Fibrous joints
-Cartilaginous joints
-Synovial joints
Term
Joint classifications based on movement:
Definition
synarthrosis
amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis
Term
Fibrous joints
(types)
Definition
suture
syndesmosis
gomphosis
Term
Cartilaginous joints
(types)
Definition
symphysis
synchondrosis
Term
Synovial joints
(types)
Definition
Hinge
Pivot
Gliding
Condyloid
Saddle
Ball and socket
Term
Synovial membrane
Definition
Lines the synovial capsule and secretes an oily, lubricating fluid into the synovial cavity.
Term
Synovial capsule
Definition
Surrounds diarthrotic joints and is continuous with the periosteum of the bones that comprise the joint.
Term
Articular cartilage
Definition
Interfacing layer of hyaline cartilage found in diarthrotic joints
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