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Lecture 19
Visual System
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/10/2010

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Term
conjunctive
Definition
-thin mucous membrane on back of eyelid and anterior surface of eyeball
Term
conjunctivitis
Definition
pink eye
Term
lacrimal gland
Definition
-secretes tears (upper lateral to inferior medial)
-upper lateral corner of orbit
-controlled by facial nerves
Term
nasolacrimal gland
Definition
-collects tears
-passes from medial corner of orbit and lateral nose to the nasal cavity
-runny nose
Term
outer eyeball layers
Definition
-sclera and cornea
Term
sclera
Definition
-white of eye
-contains blood vessels
-gives shape
-extrinsic muscles attach here
-protects inner structures
Term
cornea
Definition
-front of eye
-transparent, multilatered
Term
middle layer (vascular)
Definition
choroid, ciliary body, iris
Term
choroid
Definition
contains blood vessels supplying the interior of eye
Term
ciliary body
Definition
-smooth muscle which changes shape of lens
Term
iris
Definition
muscle that changes size of pupil to protect retina from strong light
Term
inner layer
Definition
-pigmented
-nervous
Term
pigmented layer
Definition
one layer
Term
nervous layer
Definition
-9 layers
-3 needed for conduction of visual image
-layer of rods/cones, bipolar cells, ganglionic cells - optic nerve
Term
fovea centralis
Definition
-divet in retina
-area of sharpest vision
Term
optic disc
Definition
-where optic nerve enters with blood vessels
-no cells of retina here
-blind spot
Term
chambers
Definition
-anterior/posterior to iris-aqueous humor
-posterior most-vitreous
Term
lens
Definition
-crystal clear
-contains elastic CT
-changes shape to focus image
-contains some protein
-if protein increases - cataracts
Term
visual pathway
Definition
-light is converted to an electrical impulse in retina then transmitted to occipital lobe of brain
Term
convergence
Definition
-eyeballs rotate medially to allow better focusing of light when viewing an object close up
Term
cranial nerves involved in eye movement
Definition
-oculomotor, trochlear, abducens
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