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Justinian's wife and his chief counselor
Daughter of a circus performer who began her career as a prostitute
A true co-ruler |
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| New religion appearing in Arabia in the sixth century in response to the work of the Prophet Muhammad. |
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| Sacred book comprised of a collection of the revealed texts that God had chosen Muhammad to convey. |
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| One of Arabia's holiest shrines located in Mecca, the birthplace of Muhammad. |
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| (Persons with correct knowledge) Scholarly elite leading Islam. |
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| Office of the leader of the Muslim community. |
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| The party of Ali They believed Ali and his descendants were Muhammand's only rightful successors. |
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| Followere of the sunna, tradition. They emphasize loyalty to the fundamental principles of Islam. |
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| First asserted as a response to the decline of imperial Rome. Pope Leo 1 took the title pontifex maximus. Constantinople lost influence over papacy as Byzantine control of Italy decreased. |
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| Believers in a single, immortal nature of Christ; not both eternal God and mortal man in one and the same person. |
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| Opposition to the use of images in Christian worship. |
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| Emperor acting as if he were pope as well as caesar. |
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| (Lands) Granted to cavalry men to fund their equipment and service |
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| Central part of Italy where Pope Stephen II became the secular ruler when confirmed by the Franks in 755. |
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| Church played a large role in Frankish government. Christian bishops became lords in service of the King. Franks confirm pope as ruler of the Papal States in 755. |
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| The domain of the German monarchs who revived the use of the Roman imperial title during the Middle Ages. |
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| A person granted an estate or cash payments in return for rendering services to a lord. |
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| Peasant bound to the land he worked. |
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| Developed by medieval farmers, a system in which three fields were utilized during different growing seasons to limit the amount of nonproductive plowing and to restore soil fertility through crop rotation. |
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| Forced flight of Muhammad and his followere to Medina, 240 miles north of Mecca. This event marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. |
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| The end of Rome was due to what |
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| its size, unemployment, valgurization (multiculturalism) |
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| Came form the steps of russia |
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| entered Rome and wrote all over things |
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| Set up in Turkey. Different than the Western Empire. The Byzantine or Eastern Empire is a Greek Orthodox Religion. They had a Roman Emperor their version of the Pope. |
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| do not support the worshiping of idols |
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| wanted to recapture the west |
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| islam receives messages from God |
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| is Submission Christians had a choice. |
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