Term
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Definition
| Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| using an intense beam of focused light to cut, seal, and vaporize tissue |
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Term
| The wavelength used depends on... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-regular dental goggles, or eyeglasses
-special mask
-vacuum |
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Term
| Does the tip of a CO2 laser touch skin? What about diode or fiber optic lasers? |
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Definition
CO2: no, hover over tissues
diode/fiber optic: yes, touch tissue |
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Term
| Most common type of laser used? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cold lasers use a (stronger/weaker) wave than CO2 lasers. |
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Definition
| stronger - need special goggles |
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Term
| Can we see the laser beam? |
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Definition
| no, there's a red light as a guide |
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Term
| CO2 lasers vaporize ___ best. |
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Definition
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Term
| Best laser to use for a bladder surgery? |
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Definition
| diode or fiber optic - NOT CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
-hollow wave guide
-articulated arm |
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Term
| Tips of ____ lasers must be sharpened periodically. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-less pain bc they seal nerve endings
-less blood loss bc sever/seal blood vessels = less bruising
-reduces infection bc destroys microbes
-reduces swelling bc seals lymphatics |
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Term
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Definition
-does not make surgeon better
-can be slower than scalpel
-safety risks to pt / personnel
-more expensive
-extra training
-extra staff |
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Term
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Definition
-eye damage
-carcinogenic plume
-can ignite dog farts
-can ignite gases (if ETT leaking) |
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Term
| Older, more cumbersome style of CO2 laser: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which laser has a few mirrors to redirect light, resulting in a stronger beam of more direct light? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which laser has a reflective inner surface that scatters the beam, resulting in a less powerful, less direct beam? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cutting tissue with a laser is really... |
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Definition
| ablation of a small amount of tissue |
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Term
| What happens to the tissue when the laser beam hits it? |
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Definition
| tissue heated to above boiling point, cellular water ablates tissue and vaporizes it into a plume |
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Term
| Collimated vs Focused Handpiece: |
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Definition
Collimated: same diameter beam regardless of distance from tissue; like a laser pointer
Focused: beam diverges with distance; like a flashlight |
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Term
| Laser tip sizes measured in: |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of laser Sx procedures: |
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Definition
-skin incisions
-wart/tumor removal
-gum/tongue/mouth Sx
-entropion Sx
-declaws
-lick granuloma
-elongated soft palate
-stomatitis
-spay/neuter |
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Term
| Laser Safety Administrative Controls: |
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Definition
1. laser safety officer = you
2. you train staff, give guidance
3. log of laser Sx
4. ID hazards ahead of time, limit them (eg purse string suture on anus)
5. proper care of equipment & maintenance equipment |
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Term
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Definition
-eye protection for you and animal
-have wet gauze sponges around Sx
-smoke plumes contain carcinogens
-fire risks (ETT/O2, alcohol, drapes, methane gas) |
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Term
| Will alcohol start a fire? |
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Definition
| wet alcohol will, dry alcohol won't |
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Term
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Definition
-special ETT
-or wrap with wet gauze |
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Term
| How to protect animal's eyes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What number wave is our laser at school? |
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Definition
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Term
| Built-in safety features: |
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Definition
-covered footswitch
-emergency off button
-key switch
-ready/standby modes
-shutter control |
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Term
| Who wears eye protection? |
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Definition
-all people in the OR
-the patient |
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Term
| Measures to protect from indirect / unintentional beam exposure: |
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Definition
-laser compatible instruments (diffuse rather than reflect energy)en
-backstops (tongue depressors, wet drapes/gauze/cotton balls) |
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Term
| Measures to prevent fires: |
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Definition
-protect non-target tissues and drapes
-no flammable solutions/gases
-use special ETTs, or saline soaked sponges
-methane gas
-have ready method of extinguishing a fire (water bucket/bowl) |
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Term
| Measures for Respiratory Safety: |
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Definition
-smoke evacuator
-special masks |
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Term
| Measures to maintain equipment: |
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Definition
-GFI (protect from fluid)
-Surge Protection (protect electronics)
-Proper Cooling (air or fluid, check manufacturer instructions) |
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Term
| Can any equipment be autoclaved? |
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Definition
| -hollow wave guide handpieces (not here- holes too large) |
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Term
| When cleaning laser tips, why should you not insert anything inside the tip? |
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Definition
| will scratch it, cause scatter laser beams |
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Term
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Definition
-soak in endozyme or similar proteolytic agents
-clean in ultrasonic cleaner 5-10min
-rinse w/tap water
-final rinse w/distilled water |
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Term
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Definition
-some self calibrate
-some require calibration to ensure power output is accurate (hollow wave guide)
-calibrate once every surgery day
-set to 6 watts, 0.8mm tip |
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