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Lammi Anatomy Key Terms
A series of Anatomy key terms
69
Anatomy
12th Grade
01/26/2009

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Term

Lymphatic System

 

Lymph nodes

Definition

 

Lymph nodes filter the lymph and remove impurities such as carbon, cancer cells, pathogens, ect.

Term

 Lymphatic System

 

Lymphatic Capillaries

 

Definition

 

Lymphatic Capillaries are small, open-ended lymph vessels that act like drain pipes.

Term

Lymphatic System

 

Lymphatic System

Definition

 

The Lymphatic System works with the circulatory system to remove waste and excess fluids from the tissues.

Term

Lymphatic System

 

Lymphatic Vessels

Definition

 

Lymphatic vessels are everywhere throughout the body and bring lymph to the lymph nodes.

Term

Lymphatic System

 

Right Lymphatic Duct

Definition

 

The Right Lymphatic Duct is a short tube that recieves all of the purified lymph from the tight side of the head, neck, chest, and arm. This purified lymph is returned to the blood.

Term

Lymphatic System

Spleen

Definition

 

The spleen is an organ that produces leukocytes and antibodies, destroys old erthrocytes, filters metabolites and wastes from the body tissues.

Term

Lymphatic System

 

Thoracic duct

Definition

 

The Thoracic duct drains the lymph from the areas of the body that haven't been drained by the right lymphatic duct.

Term

Lymphatic system

 

Tonsils

Definition

 

Tonsils are masses of lymphatic tissue that filter interstitial fluids.

Term

Lymphatic System

 

Thymus

Definition

 

The thymus is a mass of lymph tissue that wastes away after puberty, but during the early years it produces antibodies and manufactures lymphocytes to fight infection.

Term

Respiratory System

 

Alveoli

Definition

 

Alveoli are tiny air sacs that are filled with capillaries that allow for the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Term

Respiratory System

 

Bronchi

Definition

 

The bronchi carry air from the trachea to the lungs. They divide into smaller and smaller sections untul they become bonchioles.

Term

Respiratory System

Bronchioles

Definition

 

The Bronchioles are the smallest bronchi and end at the alveoli.

Term

Respiratory System

 

Cellular Respiration

Definition

 

Cellular respiration is the process in which oxygen and nutrients in the cell are used to produce energy, water and carbon dioxode.

Term

Respiratory System

Cilia

Definition

 

Cilia are tiny hair like structures that filter inhaled air to trap dust and other particles. The cilia is present in the nose.

Term

Respiratory System

Epiglottis

Definition

 

The epiglottis is a small leaf like cartilage that closes the opening of the larynx during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the respiratory tract.

Term

Respiratory System

Expiration

Definition

 

Expiration is the process in which air is forced out of the lungs and air passages.

Term

Respiratory System

 External Respiration

 

Definition

 

External Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood stream.

Term

Respiratory System

Inspiration

Definition

 

Inspiration is the process of breathing in air.

Term

Respiratory System

 Internal Respiration

 

Definition

 

Internal Respiration is the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream.

Term

Respiratory System

Larynx

Definition

 

The larynx or voice box is made up of layers of cartilage and is between the pharynx and trachea. The larynx has two fold the vocal cords and the glottis. Air leaves the lungs it the vocal cords vibrate.

Term

Respiratory System

Lungs

Definition

 

The lungs are the organs that enclose the bronchi and alveoli.

Term

Respiratory System

 Nasal Cavities

 

Definition

 

The nasal cavities are where the air is warmed, filtered, and moistened. It also is lined with a mucous membrane and has a rich blood supply.

Term

Respiratory System

Nasal Septum

Definition

 

The nasal septum is a wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two hollow spaces called the nassal cavities.

Term

Respiratory System

Nose

Definition

 

The nose has two opening in which air enters and is filtered.

Term

Respiratory System

Pharynx

Definition

 

The pharynx or throat lies behind the nasal cavities and as air leaves the nose it enters the pharynx. From here the pharynx leads to the trachea.

Term

Respiratory System

 

Pleura

Definition

The pleura is a membrane that encloses the lungs, and it has two layers of serous membrane. In the space between the two membranes their is a thin layer of pleural fluid that lubricates the membranes and prevent friction as the lungs expand.

Term

Respiratory System

 

Repiratory System

Definition

The respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.

Term

Repiratory System

 

Sinuses

Definition
Sinuses are cavities in the skull that surronds the nasal area and is connected to the nasal cavities and warm and moisten the air. It also provides resonance for the voice.
Term

Respiratory System

 

Trachea

Definition
The trachea is a tube extending from the larynx to the center of the chest. It carries air from the pharynx to the bronchi.
Term

Respiratory System

 

Ventilation

Definition
Ventilation is the process of breathing, and has two phases: inspiration and expiration.
Term

Digestive system

 

 

Alimentary Canal

Definition

 

The alimentary canal is a long muscular tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Anus

Definition
The anus is a hole in which fecal material is expelled.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Colon

Definition

 

The colon is a part of the large intestine that travels from the cecum to the rectum.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Digestive System

Definition

 

The digestive system is responsible for the physical and chemical breakbown of food.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Duodenum

Definition

 

The duodenum is a part of the small intestine in which bile and pancreatic juice enters through ducts.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Esophagus

Definition
The esphagus is a muscular tube behind the trachea that recueves bolus from the pharynx and carries it to the stomach.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

gallbladder

Definition

 

The gallbladder is a small, muscular sac located under the liver, that stores and concentrates bile, recieved from the liver.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Hard palate

Definition

 

The hard palate is a bony structure that forms the roof of the mouth and seperates the mouth from the nasal cavities.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

ileum

Definition

 

The ileum is the final section of the small intestine and leads up to the cecum that seperates the small and large intestine.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Jejunum

Definition
The jujunum forms teh middle section of the small intestine.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Large Intestine

Definition
The Large intestine is the final section of the alimentary canal that absorps water and any remaining nutrients, and stores and transports waste products.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Liver

Definition
The liver secretes bile which emulsify fats.
Term

Digestive System

 

Mouth

Definition

 

The mouth receives food as it enters the body and breakes it down physically and digests it partially through the saliva.

Term

Digestive System

 

 

Pancreas

Definition
The pancreas is an organ located behind the stomach, and produces pancreatic juices that contain enzymes to digest food.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Peristalsis

Definition
Peristalsis are rhythmic, wavelike, involuntary movement of muscles.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Rectum

Definition
The rectum is the final section of the large intestine and is a storage center for indigestibles and waste.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Salivary Glands

Definition
The salivary glands produce a liquid called saliva that lubricates the mouth and moistens food. The saliva contains an enzyme that begans the chemical breakdown of food.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Small Intestine

Definition
The small intesine is where food goes to after it passes through the stomach, and is broken down.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Soft Palate

Definition
The soft palate is behind the hard palate and seperates the mouth from the nasopharynx. It contains a uvula that pervent food that is swallowed from entering the nasopharynx.
Term

Digestive System

 

Stomach

Definition
The stomach is where the food is broken down chemically and becomes chyme.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Teeth

Definition
The teeth are structures that physically breaks down food.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Tongue

Definition
The tongue is used to taste food and helps in chewing and swallowing food.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Vermiform Appendix

Definition
The vermiform appendix is a small projection and is a section in the large intestine.
Term

Digestive System

 

 

Villi

Definition
The villi are small fingerlike structure that  contains blood capillaries absorb the digested nutrients and carries them to the liver, where they are stored or broken up.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

Bladder

Definition
The bladder is a holow muscular sac that lies behind the symphysis pubis and stores urine.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

Bowman's Capsule

Definition
The bowman's capsule is a structure that absorbs materials filtered out through the glomerulus and passes it to the convoluted tube in the nephron.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

Cortex

Definition

 

The cortex is the outer section of the kidney and contain most of the nephron.

Term

Urinary System

 

 

Excretory System

Definition
The excretory system or urinary system is responsible for removing waste and excess water.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

glomerulus

Definition

 

The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries that filters out metabolic products and other systems from the blood.

Term

Urinary System

 

 

Hilum

Definition

 

The hilum is a notched or indented area through which the ureter, nerves and blood vessels, and lymph vessels enter and leave the kidney.

Term

Urinary System

 

 

Homeostasis

Definition
Homeostasis is a state of equilibrium  or constant state of natural balance in the internal environment of the body.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

Kidneys

Definition
The kidney are two bean-shaped organs located on either side of the vertebral column that is used to filter the blood.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

medulla

Definition

 

The medulla is the inner section of the kidney and contains most of the collecting tubules which carry urine from the nephron through the kidneys.

Term

Urinary System

 

 

 Nephrons

Definition
The nephrons are microscopic filtering units located in the kidneys.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

Renal Pelvis

Definition
The renal pelvis is the first section of the ureter and is where the collecting ducts empty into.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

Ureters

Definition
The ureters are muscular tubes that moves from the renal pelvis in each kidney to the bladder.
Term

Urinary System

 

 

 

Urethra

Definition
The urethra is the tube that carries the urine from the bladder to the outside.
Term

Urinary System

 

Urinary meatus

Definition
The urinary meatus is the external opening that the urethra leads up to.
Term

Respiratory system

 

Respiration

Definition
Respiration is the process of inspiration and expiration.
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