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Lab 6 and 7
The Nervous System: Neurons, Brain, and Spinal Cord
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/16/2011

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Cards

Term
What are three special characteristics of neurons that distinguish them from other kinds of cells?
Definition
Extreme longevity, Amitotic (do not divide), High Metabolic rate
Term
What fluid fills the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord?
Definition
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Term
Are the ventricles continuous with one another?
Definition
Yes
Term
In what parts of the brain are the third and fourth ventricles and the cerebral aqueduct located?
Definition
Third: Diencephalon
Fourth: Dorsal to pons and superior to medulla
Cerebral Aqueduct: Between the diancephalon and the pons
Term
Define gyrus
Definition
Eleveated ridges of tissue
Term
Define sulcus
Definition
Shallow grooves that separate gyri
Term
Parts of the Diencephalon
Definition
Hypothalamus, thalamus, pineal gland/pineal body, pituitary gland, mamillary bodies
Term
Parts of the Midbrain
Definition
Corpora quadrigemina: Superior Colliculi, Inferior Colliculi
Term
Parts of the Cerebellum
Definition
Arbor vitae, vermis
Term
What parts of the brain comprise the brain stem?
Definition
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
Term
Ventral surface of a human brain model
Definition
Olfactory bubl, optic nerves, optic chiasma, optic tracts, mammillary bodies, pituitary gland, pons, medulla oblongata
Term
Saggital Section of a human brain model
Definition
Corpus callosum, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, thalamus, hypothalamus
Term
Meninges
Definition
Dura Mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Term
Parts of the Dura Mater
Definition
Falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli
Term
Falx cerebri
Definition
fold that dips into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres
Term
Falx cerebelli
Definition
Fold that continues vertically through the cerebellum
Term
Tentorium Cerebelli
Definition
fold that "tents" over the cerebellum horizontally
Term
Which is the innermost meningeal layer?
Definition
Pia mater
Term
What is the outermost meningeal layer?
Definition
The Dura Mater
Term
What is the name of the space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater? What is contained within that space?
Definition
Subarachnoid space. CSF and also contains the largest blood vessels serving the brain
Term
What is the name of the space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater?
Definition
Arachnoid space
Term
What are the dural septa? What is their function?
Definition
Dural septa: dura mater extends inward to form flat partitions that subdivide the cranial activity which limit excessive movement of the brain within the cranium
Term
What is the falx cerebri attached to at its anterior end?
Definition
Cristae Galli of the ethmoid bone
Term
Where does the spinal cord begin and end?
Definition
Foramen magnum > 1st or 2nd Lumbar vertebrae
Term
What protects the spinal cord from injury?
Definition
Bone, meninges, CSF
Term
What fills the subarachnoid space of the spine?
Definition
CSF
Term
What is a lumbar puncture? Where is the needle inserted? Why is the needle inserted at this location? What fluid is obtained by the procedure?
Definition
A procedure to withdraw CSF to test. Taken from L4/L5. Its close enough to the spinal cord to withdraw CSF without stabbing the spinal cord
Term
What is the cauda equina?
Definition
The "Horses Tail". Nerves extending inferiorly from spinal cord
Term
What is a nerve plexus?
Definition
Interlacing nerve networks formed by ventral rami that branch and join one another lateral to the vertebral column
Term
Parts of a cross section of the spinal cord
Definition
Central canal, dorsal root ganglion, posterior (dorsal) median sulcus, anterior (ventral) median fissure, dorsal root, ventral root, Gray Matter, and White Matter
Term
Parts of the Gray Matter of the spinal cord
Definition
Posterior (dorsal) horns, anterior (ventral) horns, lateral horns, gray commisure
Term
Parts of the White Matter
Definition
Posterior funiculus, lateral funiculus, anterior funiculus
Term
Spinal meninges
Definition
Pia, arachnoid, and dura mater
Term
How do gray and white matter differ?
Definition
Gray matter: All non-myelinated
White Matter: Myelinated funiculi
Term
What is contained within the dorsal root ganglion?
Definition
Cell bodies of the associated sensory neurons
Term
What does the word funiculus mean?
Definition
Myelin-covered axons, dense collections of myelinated fibers
Term
What is contained within the epidural space?
Definition
Fat and Blood Vessels
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