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Lab 11 Cardiac Physiology
shiz about the heart
48
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/27/2012

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Cards

Term
sphygmomanometer
Definition
used to measure arterial blood pressure
Term
what two things will be measured in lab using a stethescope and sphygmomanometer
Definition

pulse 

arterial blood pressure

Term
Plethysmograph
Definition
the graph used to to measure pulse 
Term
tachycardia 
Definition
fast heart rate 
Term
Bradycardia 
Definition
a heart rate below 60 beats per min 
Term
what three activities are we performing today?
Definition

plethysmograph

blood pressure

and 

Electrocardiography

Term
what system is at work during the QRS complex?
Definition
purkinje system 
Term
Definition
atrial depolarization 
Term
Q
Definition
atrial repolarization 
Term
R
Definition
ventricular depolarization 
Term
Definition
downward deflection of ventricular depolarization 
Term
T
Definition
ventricular repolarization 
Term
P  to R
Definition
time from atrial to ventricular depolarization 
Term
S to T 
Definition
Time for ventricular contraction 
Term
which time interval is the most sensitive indication of heart problems? 
Definition
the S to T time interval (time for ventricular contraction)
Term
fibrillation 
Definition
a condition of rapid uncoordinated heart contractions which makes the heart useless as a pump 
Term
what do we use to measure arterial blood pressure 
Definition
sphygmomanometer
Term
systole 
Definition
ventricular contraction 
Term
diastole 
Definition
ventricular relaxation 
Term
cardiac cycle 
Definition
once complete heart beat during which both atria and ventricles contract and relax 
Term
lub 
Definition

the first heart sound, referred to as S1. 

 

it is associated with the closure of the AV valves, and the beginning of the ventricular systole 

Term
dup 
Definition

the second heart sound, also known as S2, occurs as the semilunar valves close. 

 

it corresponds with the end of the systole 

Term
as the semilunar valves close, does the systole begin or end? 
Definition
the systole ends 
Term
As the AV valves close, what happens?
Definition

the heart makes the first heart sound, Lub (S1)

 

this is the beginning of the ventricular systole 

Term
pulse is measured using the... 
Definition
plethysmograph 
Term
The average pulse in resting state is ...
Definition
70-76 BPM 
Term
Which artery is used to measure blood pressure? 
Definition
brachial artery 
Term
which artery is used to measure pulse? 
Definition
radial artery 
Term
what instruments are used to measure blood pressure? 
Definition
stethoscope and a sphygmomanometer
Term
A fast heart rate > 100 bpm is 
Definition
Tachycardia
Term
A slow heartrate of less than 60 bpm is 
Definition
bradycardia
Term
when measuring systolic BP listen for the.. 
Definition
first sound 
Term
when measuring diastolic blood pressure listen for ... 
Definition
the second sound to dissapear 
Term
normal blood pressure and units 
Definition

120/80 mm Hg

 

Systolic/diastolic mm Hg

Term

long strands of fiber like cells which support heart muscle in ventricular walls. (thicker in the left ventricle) 

 

 fibers that carry the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles of the heart and causes them to contract

Definition
Purkinje system 
Term
parasympathetic nerve activity releases... 
Definition
Acetylcholine 
Term
sympathetic nerve activity releases 
Definition
norepinephrine 
Term
transmitted via blood from the adrenal medulla
Definition
Epinephrine 
Term
the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Definition
pulse pressure
Term
alternating surges of pressure in an artery that occur with each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle. 
Definition
pulse
Term
average pulse rate
Definition
70 - 76 bpm 
Term
which two systems control heart activity ? 
Definition
  1. Autonomic Nervous System
  2. Nodal system 
Term

intrinsic conduction system of the heart consisting of specialized noncontractile myocardial tissue.

 

it ensures that the heart muscle depolarizes in an orderly and sequential manner ( from atria to ventricles) and that the heart beats as a coordinated unit 

Definition
Term
components of the nodal system 
Definition

Sinoatrial node (SA node) 

Atrioventricular node (AV node)

AV bundle (Bundle of His) 

Right and left bundle branches

Purkinje fibers 

 

Term
SA node 
Definition

provides the stimulus for contraction 

sets the rate of depoarization for the heart as a whole, so it is referred to as the

pacemaker.

 

from this node, the impulse spreads thru the atria to the AV node this wave is followed by atrial contraction

Term
order that the impulses go thru the nodal system
Definition
SA node -> AV node  (atrial contraction) ->AV bundle -> bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers -> (ventricular contraction )
Term
ECG is a record of
Definition
voltage and time
Term
a prolonged trachycardia may progress to _________ , a condition of rapid, uncoordinated heart contractions which makes the heart useless as a pump
Definition
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