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Kinesiology
Ch. 1,2,3,5,6
36
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/29/2007

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Term
Kinesiology
Definition
Study of movement.
Term
Biomechanics
Definition
Mechanical principles that relate directly to the human body.
Term
Kinetics
Definition
Forces causing movement.
Term
Kinematics
Definition
Time, space, and mass aspects of a moving system.
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
Standing upright, arms at side, palms facing forward.
Term
Fundamental Position
Definition
Standing upright, arms at side, palms facing sides.
Term
Linear Motion (translator)
Definition
All parts of the object move the same distance, in the same direction, and at the same time.
Term
Rectilinear Motion
Definition
Movement occurs in a straight line. Type of linear motion.
Term
Curvilinear motion
Definition
Movement occurs in a curved path. Type of linear motion.
Term
Angular Motion
Definition
All the parts of the object move through the same angle, in the same direction and at the same time. They Do NOT move the same distance.
Term
Osteokinematics
Definition
Movement of bones around a joint axis.
Term
Functions of Skeletal System
Definition
*Rigid framework of human body.
*Gives support and shape.
*Protects vital organs.
*Assists in movement.
*Manufactures blood cells.
*Storage of calcium and other minerals.
Term
Axial Skeletal
Definition
Upright part of body. Consists of 80 bones. Head, thorax and trunk.
Term
Appendicular Skeleton
Definition
Attaches to the Axial skeleton. Consists of 126 bones. The extremities
Term
Compact Bone (structure)
Definition
*Hard, dense outer shell
*Completely covers bone
*Thick along the shaft
*Provides strength
Term
Cancellous Bone (structure)
Definition
*Porous and spongy
*Have trabeculae
*Filled with marrow
*Articular ends
Term
Epiphysis (Long Bone)
Definition
End of diaphysis, tends to be wider than shaft.
Term
Epiphyseal plate (Long bone)
Definition
Part of Epiphysis in growing bones (not in mature bones). Where growth of bone occurs. Made up of cartilagious material.
Term
Diaphysis (Long Bone)
Definition
Main shaft of bone, made of mainly compact bone.
Term
Medullary Canal(Long bone)
Definition
Hollow center of diaphysis, contains marrow and passage for nutrients.
Term
Metaphysis (Long bone)
Definition
Both ends before epiphysis, flared, consists mainly of cancellous bone, supports epiphysis.
Term
Periosteum (Long bone)
Definition
Thin, fibrous membrane covering all the bone except articular surfaces. Serve as attachment for tendons and ligiments. Contain nerves and blood vessels.
Term
Endosteum (Long bone)
Definition
Lines medullary canal
Term
Short bones
Definition
Have more equal dimensions of hight, length, and width. Articulate with more than 1 bone.
Term
Flat bones
Definition
Have broad but not thick surface area, are slightly curved.
Ex. Scapula, Ileum, Skull
Term
Irregular bones
Definition
Have a variety of mixed shapes.
Ex. vertebrea
Term
Sesamoid bones
Definition
Small bones located where tendons cross the ends of long bones in the extremities. Develope within the tendon and protectit from excessive wear. Ex. Petella.
Term
Bone Markings
Definition
Holes, depressions, ridges, bumps, grooves and other markings on bones that serve various purposes such as attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
Term
Funtions of a Joint
Definition
*Allows motion
*Provides stability
*Bares weight of body
*Contains synovial fluid-lubricates joint and nourishes the bone.
Term
Synarthrosis
Definition
Fibrous joint, no motion, provides strength and shape, shape allows bones to interlock.
Ex; suture joints-skull
Term
Syndesmosis
Definition
Fibrous joint, fibrous tissue- ligiments, tendons and interocceous membranes. Small amount of twisting/ strecthing.
Term
Gomphosis
Definition
Fibrous joint, bolting togeather.
Ex. tooth in socket.
Term
Cartilaginous Joints
Definition
Very stable, Allow small amount of motion- bending, twisting, and compression.
Term
Hyaline Cartilage
Definition
Connects bones- sternocostal joints
Term
Fibrocartilage
Definition
connects bones- discs (vertebral joints)
Term
Synovial Joints (Diarthrodial Joints)
Definition
*Allows free motion
*No direct union between bone ends
*cavity filled w/ synovial fluid
*outer line is strong fibrous tissue
*Synovial membrane (inner lining) produces fluid.
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