Shared Flashcard Set

Details

KIN 250 Human Anatomy
Chapter 9: Joints and Articulations
27
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
09/16/2015

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Arthrology
Definition
The study ofjoints
Term
Joint
Definition
Contact point (between bones, bones and cartilage, or bones and teeth)... bones don't contact one another at joints
Term
Mobility/Stability Around Joints
Definition
Determined by design (bony structures, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, etc.)
Term
Classification of Joints According to Structure
Definition
Structure = absence/presence of a joint cavity and type of supportive connective tissue
Term
Types of Joints by Structure:
Definition

1. Fibrous

2. Cartilaginous

3. Synovial 

Term
Fibrous Joint
Definition
Fibrous Connective Tissue (dense connective tissue)
Term
Cartilaginous
Definition
Cartilage
Term
Synovial
Definition
Fluid-filled cavities, bone covered with cartilage, often have ligaments
Term
Classification of Joints According to Function
Definition
Function: Degree of movement permitted within the joint
Term
Synarthrodial
Definition
Immovable Joint
Term
Amphiarthrodial
Definition
Slightly Movable Joint
Term
Diarthrodial
Definition
Freely Movable
Term
Structutal Classification: Fibrous
Definition
  • Rigid
  • Immovable
  • No "obvious" separation between bones
  • Bones joined by connective tissue sutures
  • Syndesmoses (distal tibia/fibula, adjacent vertebrae - articulations)
  • Gomphoses (teeth)
Term
Structural Classification: Cartilaginous
Definition
  • Very little separation between bones (limited movement potential relative to twisting)
  • Compression
  • Synchondroses (epiphyseal plates)
  • Symphyses (Intervertebral joints)
Term
Structural Classification: Synovial
Definition
  • Separation between bones
  • Presence of a joint cavity
  • Most common type
  • Considered freely moveable
  • Surrounded by a capsule that attaches the bones together
  • Provides a wide range of movement potential
  • Yet maintains strength/stability
  • Gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket(enarthrodial)
Term
Features of a Typical Synovial Joint
Definition
  • Joint Cavity
  • Articualr Cartilage (Hyaline)
  • Synovial Fluid
  • Joint Capsule (Outer fibrous, inner synovial membrane)
  • Fibrous (dense, attache to periosteum of bone)
  • Synovial (areolar w/ elastin, may have adipose tissue)
Term
Types of Synovial Joints
Definition
  1. Plane (gliding)
  2. Hinge
  3. Pivot
  4. Condyloid
  5. Saddle (modified condyloid)
  6. Ball and Socket (enarthrodial)
Term
Plane (Gliding)
Definition
  • Very simple
  • Side-to-side
  • Back-and-forth movements
  • Bones flat
Term
Hinge
Definition
  • Most common type of synovial joint
  • Flexion/extension
  • Bones concave to convex
Term
Pivot
Definition
  • Rotation
  • Rounded or pointed bone articulates w/ ring shaped bone
Term
Condyloid
Definition
  • Up-and-down
  • Side-to-side movements
  • Convex oval projection to concave oval depression
Term
Saddle (modified condyloid)
Definition
Movements
Term
Movements of the Joint
Definition
  • Flexion/extension (plus lateral and hyper)
  • Abduction/adduction/circumduction
  • Rotation
  • Elevation/depression
  • Protraction/retraction
  • Supination/pronation
  • Plantar flexion/dorsiflexion
  • Inversion/eversion
  • Opposition
Term
Specific Selected Joints
Definition
  • Jaw (Temporomandibular)
  • Shoulder (Glenohumeral)
  • Elbow (Humeroulna/humeroradial)
  • Hip (Coxal)
  • Knee (Tibiofemoral)
  • Ankle (Talocrural)
Term
Shoulder dislocation
Definition
  • Luxation/Subluxation
  • Separation
  • Torn Glenoid Labrum

 

Term
Knee Injuries
Definition
  • ACL
  • PCL
  • TCL (MCL)
  • FCL (LCL)
  • Menisci
  • "Unhappy Triad"
Term
Common Joint Concerns
Definition
  • Sprained ankle/Pott fracture
  • TMJ
  • "Cracking your knuckles"
  • Arthritis
  • Bursitis
  • Joint Replacement
Supporting users have an ad free experience!