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Joints
Unit 1B
40
Anatomy
12th Grade
10/17/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

arthology

 

arthr=joint

olgy= study of

Definition
scientific study of joints
Term

kinesiology

 

kinesi=movement

Definition
study of motion of the human body
Term

1. fibrous joint

 

Definition
bones held together by fibrous connective tissue that is rich in collagen fibers. lacs a synovial membrane
Term

1. sutures

 

sutur= seam

Definition
fibrous joint composed of a thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue (only unite skull bones)
Term

1. syndesmosis

 

syndesmo= band or ligament

Definition
fibrous joint in which there is greater space between the articulating bones and more fibrous connective tissue
Term

1. gomphosis

gompho= bolt or nail

Definition
fibrous joint in which a cone shaped peg fits into a socket (root of teeth)
Term
2. cartilaginous joint
Definition
lacks synovial cavity and allows little to no movement
Term
2. synchondrosis
Definition
cartilaginous joint in which connecting material is hyaline cartilage (epiphyseal plate)
Term
2. symphysis
Definition
cartilaginous joint in which the ends of articulating bones are covered by hyaline cartilage. Broad flat disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones
Term
3. planar
Definition
articulating surfaces are flat or slightly curved. side to side and back and fourth gliding motions. (nonaxial- movement not around an axis)
Term
3.hinge
Definition
convex surface of a bone fits into a concave surface of another. angular open/close movement. (Uniaxial- movement around a single axis)
Term
3. Pivot
Definition
rounded or pointed surface of one bone with ring formed partly by another bone, and by a ligament. (monoaxial- movement around its own axis)
Term
3. Condyloid (Ellipsoidal)
Definition
convex oval shaped projection of one bone fits into oval depression of another (biaxial- around 2 axes)
Term
3. Saddle
Definition
articular surface of one is saddle shaped while other fits into saddle (biaxial trapezium and carpus)
Term
3. ball and socket
Definition
ball like surface of one bone fits into cup like surface of the other (multiaxial- more than 2 axes with movement all around) shoulder
Term
synarthroses (synarthotic)
Definition
immovable joint
Term

Amphiarthroses 

 

amphi= on both sides

Definition
a slightly movable joint
Term

Diarthroses

 

=movable joint

Definition
freely movable joint. Variety of shapes and many movements
Term
Gliding
Definition
simple movement of relatively flat bone surfaces when they move side to side or back and forth
Term
Angular
Definition
Increase or decrease in the angle between articulating bones
Term

Flexion

 

flex=to bend

Definition
decrease in angle
Term

Extention

 

exten= to stretch out

Definition
increase in angle, often to restore to anatomical position
Term

Hyperextention

 

hyper= beyond or extensive

Definition
continuation of extension beyond anatomical position
Term
Lateral Flexion
Definition

occurs at frontal plane and involves intervertebral joints

(left to right at waist)

Term

Abduction

 

Ab= away

duct= to lead 

Definition
movement of bone away from mid-line
Term

Aduction

 

ad= toward

 

 

Definition
movement of bone toward mid-line
Term

Circmduction

 

circ= circle

Definition
movement of distal end of body part in a circle
Term

Rotation

 

rota= to revolve

Definition
bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis
Term
special movements
Definition
occur only at certain joints
Term

elevation

 

=to lift up

Definition
upward movement of body part (closing mouth)
Term

depression

 

= to press down

Definition
downward movement of body part (opening mouth)
Term

Protraction 

 

to draw forth

Definition

movement of body part anteriorly in transverse plane

(Thrust mandible outward or movement of clavicle)

Term

Retraction

 

=to draw back

Definition
movement of protracted part of body back to anatomical position
Term

Inversion

 

=to turn inward

Definition
movement of soles medially at intertarsal joints so that soles face each other
Term

Eversion

 

=to turn outward

Definition
Movement of soles laterally at intertarsal joints so that soles face away from each other 
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
bending of foot at ankle joint or talocrual joint in direction of dorsum (stand on heels)
Term
Plantar Flexion
Definition
bending of foot at ankle joint in the direction of plantar or inferior surface (stand on tip toes)
Term

Supination

 

(anatomical position)

 

Definition
Movement of forearm at proximal and distal radioulnar joints in which palm is turned anteriorly and superiorly
Term
Pronation
Definition
movement of forearm at proximal and distal radioulnar joints in which distal end of radius crosses over distal end of ulna. palm turned posteriorly and inferiorly
Term
Opposition
Definition
Movement of thumb at carpometacarpal joint (b/w trapezium and menacarpal of thumb) in which thumb moves across palm to touch tips of fingers on same hand. helps us to grasp and manipulate objects 
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