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Joints
structure and function
33
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
03/16/2011

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Cards

Term
synarthroses
Definition
Immovable joint
Term
amphiarthroses
Definition
slightly movable joints
Term
diarthroses
Definition
freely movable joints
Term
Examples of fibrous joints?
Definition
Sutures,
Syndesmoses,
gomphoses
Term
Examples of Cartilaginous Joints
Definition
synchondrosis (ex: epipheseal plate)
symphyses
Term
General structure of a synovial joint
Definition
articular cartilage, synovial(joint) cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid
Term
proprioceptors
Definition
sends information to brain regarding muscle tightness
Term
where is synovial fluid formed?
Definition
In the capillaries.
Term
menisci
Definition
cartilage(fibrocartilage) between the knee.
Term
Ligaments
Definition
Bone to bone.
Term
tendon
Definition
muscle to bone.
Term
nonaxial movement
Definition
slipping movements only. no axis which movement can occur
Term
gliding movements
Definition
simplest joint movement. Occurs when one flat bone surface glides over another (back and forth, or side to side).
ex:intercarpal and intertarsal joints.
Term
angular movements
Definition
increase or decrease of angle between two bones.
ex: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, etc.
Term
Plane Joint
Definition
short non axial gliding movements.

ex: intertarsal
joints between vertebreal articular processes.
Term
hinge joints
Definition
cylindrical end of one bone conforms to a trough-shapd surface on another.
UNIAXIAL

ex: elbow and interphalangeal joints.
Term
pivot joints
Definition
rounded end of one bone conforms to a sleeve of bone of another. Only movement allowed is uniaxial rotation of one bone along one axis.
ex: joint between atlas and axis (shaking head no)
Term
condyloid joint
Definition
knuckle like.
biaxial.
knucke joints.
Term
saddle joints
Definition
resemble condyloud but have more movement.
ex: thumb.
Term
ball and socket joints
Definition
multiaxial

ex: shoulder and hip.
Term
The more moveable a joint is it becomes (less stable, more stable)?
Definition
less stable.
Term
direct attachment
Definition
epimysium to bone
Term
indirect attachment
Definition
epimysium-tendon-bone
Term
What is the purpose of the cruciate ligaments, and where are they located?
Definition
To prevent forward and backwards movement of patella.
Term
Where are the collateral ligaments located and what are their names?
Definition
laterally and medially of patella.
fibular and tibial.
Term
What joints make up the knee?
Definition
Tibiofemoral and Femoropatellar
Term
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Definition
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor
Term
What is the rim of fibrocartilage in the glenohumeral joint?
Definition
Glenoid Labrum
Term
What is the imbalance when the ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn?
Definition
Sprain
Term
Chronic inflammatory disorder with an insidious onset
Definition
Rheumatoid arthritis
Term
chronic degenerative condition often called wear and tear.
Definition
osteoarthritis
Term
inflammatory response from increased levels of uric acid depositing urate crystals in joints.
Definition
gouty arthritis
Term
inflammatory disease caused by spirochete bacteria from ticks
Definition
lyme disease
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