Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Joints and Articulations
N/A
20
Anatomy
Graduate
01/22/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Two Catergories of Joints
Definition
  • synovial joints
  • solid joints
Term
Synovial Joints
Definition
  • skeletal elements are seperated by a cavity
  • freely movable
Term
Synovial Joint Characteristics
Definition
  • articular cartilage covers ends of bones (hyaline cartilage) to decrease friction
  • articular (joint) capsule  
  • joint cavity (potential)

 

 

Term
Articular or Joint Capsule Membranes
Definition
  • inner or synovial membrane is highly vascular, produces synovial fluid
  • outer or fibrous membrane is highly innervated
Term
Fat Pads
Definition
  • usually occur between the synovial membrane and fibrous capsule
  • work as cuchions
  • knee joint and elbow joint
Term
Articular Disc
Definition
  • feature of synovial joint
  • usually compsed of fibrocartilage
  • found in TMJ, sternoclavicular joint, wrist joint
  • improves fit between bones
  • increases joint stability
Term
Menisci
Definition
  • similar to articular disc
  • compsed of fibrocartilage
  • Knee Joint
Term
Bursae and Tendon Sheaths
Definition
  • associated with synovial joints
  • reduce friction between body elements that move over one another
  • contain synovial fluid
Term
Glenoid Labrum
Definition
  • ring of fibrocartilage that runs around the glenoid cavity
  • deepens cavity
  • only in glenohumeral joint
Term
Factors Influencing the Stability of Synovial Joints
Definition
  • ligaments
  • articular surfaces
  • muscle tone
Term
Ligaments
Definition
  • help hold the bones together and prevent excessive and undesirable motions
Term
Muscle Tone
Definition
  • helps stabalize joints by keeping tensions on the muscle tendons that cross over joints just external to the joint capsule
Term
Synovial Joint Classifications
Definition
  • plane
  • hinge
  • saddle
  • condyloid
  • pivot
  • ball and socket
Term
Plane Joints
Definition
  • permit gliding or sliding movements
  • acromioclavicular joint
  • sacroiliac joint
Term
Hinge Joints
Definition
  • Prevent flexion and extension only
  • knee and elbow joint, interphalangeal joint
Term
Saddle Joints
Definition
  • permit abduction and adduction as well as flexion and extension, circumduction
  • carpometacarpal joint at the base of thumb
Term
Condyloid Joints
Definition
  • permit flexion and extension as well as abduction and adduction, circumduction also possible
  • radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal joint, atlanto-occipital joint 
Term
Pivot Joints
Definition
  • permit rotation only
  • alantoaxial joints and radioulnar joint
Term
Ball and Socket Joint
Definition
  • permit all movements
  • hip and shoulder joint
  • multi-axial
Term
Uni-axial Joint
Definition
  • movement in one plane
  • hinge and pivot joints

 

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