Term
| Major difference between Horta's design and Guimard's was __________ |
|
Definition
| Horta was a 2-D design approach, Guimard was 3-D design approach |
|
|
Term
| One explanation of the rugged silhouette of Gaudi's buildings is the influence of what spiritual landmark? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two structural elements unique to his time did Gaudi employ in his buildings? |
|
Definition
| Squinches and Parabolic Curve |
|
|
Term
| The author of Entrientiens of 1863, which argued for a return to regional building and quoted Gothic architecture as the model of a structually rational style was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hector Guimard is best known for the design of ________________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why did Gaudi incline his columns? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The other Belgian Art Nouveau architect besides Horta was _____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List two of Violet le Duc's major ideas that were influential during the 1880s and 1890s |
|
Definition
| return to regional building style, structurally rational style |
|
|
Term
| The trademark formal element of Art Nouveau was the ______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What theoretician was very influential on the work of Victor Horta? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe Gaudi's technique of structual analysis and design: |
|
Definition
| used rationalistic approach to structure, iron tension, stone compression |
|
|
Term
| The Belgian Art Nouveau architect who eventually moved to Berlin was ___________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German equivalent of Art Nouveau was called ______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 3 architectual movements in the 19th Century that we have studied this quarter that were manifestations of the rise of nationalism: |
|
Definition
Art Neuveau
English Gothic Revival
2nd Empire |
|
|
Term
| The Paris subway stations were designed by ___________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The difference between Horta's curvilinear lines and those of van de Velde was __________________ |
|
Definition
| Horta's were more complex, Van De Velde were more controlled and simple |
|
|
Term
| The best explanation for the inspiration of the exterior form of Sagrada Familia is _________________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The theoritician who had the greatest influence on the development of Art Nouveau architecture was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gaudi's patron in Barcelona was _________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Victor Horta is known for what style of architecture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A distinguishing motif of Art Nouveau was the ______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The arches used by Gaudi has a ____________ profile. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Art Nouveau originated in what country? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The architect known for his wire and fishing weight models used to determine the structure of his building was ____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
To span the space between a circular dome and a square bay, Moslem architects typically used a series of arches built upon one another. This device was known as:
A) pendentive
B) Corbel
C) Groin Vaults
D) Buttress
E) None of the Above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What project by Mackintosh exhibited at the Secession had a profound influence on these designers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nickname given to the group of four designers centered around Mackintosh because of the colors and forms they used was the _____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Marget MacDonald's signature motif was the ___________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The city at the center of German applied arts and the home of Ernst Ludwig school of art was ________________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What influence did Glasgow have on Mackintosh's design approach? |
|
Definition
| major producer of ships, designing interior meant maximizing available space and integrating newest technology |
|
|
Term
| The architect of the Sucesssion building was ________________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two geometric shapes are prevalant in Mackintosh's symbolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe Mackintosh's approach to the design of interior spaces: |
|
Definition
| integrated mechanical systems within spaces |
|
|
Term
| Compare Hoffmann's approach in design of surface and volume with that of Wrights |
|
Definition
Hoffman: emphasizes the corner
Wright: planes and surfaces |
|
|
Term
| List 3 differences between the exterior of a Voysey house and that of a Mackintosh house |
|
Definition
1. Color of Stucco
2. Window Trim
3. Wall vs Roof Dominance |
|
|
Term
| What city did Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig try to make into a German "Athens"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the firm that Joseph Hoffmann helped to start that produced high quality objects and furnishings for houses: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________________ was the "father figure" of the Sucessionists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The painter who collaborated with Olbrich in the design of the Sucession Building was ______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "I am particularly interested in the square as such and in the use of black and white as dominant colors, because these clear elements have never appeared in earlier stlyes" is quoted by ______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Sucessionists were located in which city? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The two people responsible for the design of the Sucession Building were: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Charles Rennie Mackintosh had a connection with which continental European art movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The elevation treatment used in the entrance facade of Grundtvig church is best described as ______________
Where did this form originate in Denmark? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What device is used in the Stockholm City Hall to link it with the adjacent lake? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List two precedents for Saarinen's final design of the main entry in the Helsinki Railroad Station: |
|
Definition
1. Ludwig Houses Grand Portal Arch
2. Sullivan's Golden Door |
|
|
Term
| The Kallio Church was designed by ___________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the elevational treatment Saarinen typically used in the towers of his Finnish buildings |
|
Definition
| vertical tower vs horizontal massing |
|
|
Term
| The building typically credited with the start of the National Romantic movement in Scandinavia is _______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Tampere Cathedral was designed by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "The arrangement of a vertical force against a contrasting and balancing horizontal volume" best describes the compositional theory employed by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The movement in Scandinavia at the turn of the century that was genuine attempt to interpret the indigenous tradition of each of the respective countries is referred to as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 2 reasons why Saarinen preferred to incorporate a vertical element in the massing of his buildings: |
|
Definition
1. Landmark in it's surroundings
2. Contrast against horizontal massing |
|
|
Term
| The style that evolved in Finland to express and preserve the indigenous culture in the face of increasing pressure by the czar to 'russify' Finland was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Saarinen's favorite interior color was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The typical Saarinen formal composition incorporated a ____________ element to ________ |
|
Definition
vertical
anchor in landscape |
|
|
Term
| _________________ is the name of residential compound of Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Hvittrask" was the given name to the residential complex of: |
|
Definition
| GLS (Gesellius, Lindgren, Saarinen) |
|
|
Term
| What two things were necessary to be developed in the late 18th/early 19th to enable the evolution of modern concrete structures? |
|
Definition
1. hydraulic cement
2. iron reinforcing |
|
|
Term
| List 3 reasons why Larson considers reinforced concrete, and not iron, to have been the material more responsible for the development of modern architecture: |
|
Definition
1. had no precedent
2. given any shape
3. did not require fireproofing |
|
|
Term
| Ernest Ransome's concrete framed factories bore a stunning resemblance to those designed at the same time by what French pioneer in concrete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first important French contractor of reinforced concrete prior to the Franco-Prussian War was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The architect chosen by Henry Ford to design his factories in Detroit was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What economic advantage did the Hennibique system enjoy in Paris? |
|
Definition
| thinner floors allowed for more floors |
|
|
Term
| What was the secret of Roman cement that was rediscovered in the 19th century? |
|
Definition
hydraulic cement - had the chemical composition to internally harden
could dry without air |
|
|
Term
| The French rationalist tradition, started by Soufflot, and best represented by the work of Perret, was a quest to synthesize the ideas of what two historic styles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What other theoritician, besides Viollet-le-Duc influenced the work of Perret? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two theoriticans influenced the work of Perret? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The architect responsible for the early use of reinforced concrete structures in the design of the first automobile factories in Detroit was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first skyscraper constructed with a reinforced concrete frame was the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Swiss engineer famous for his graceful, shallow arched, three-hinged concrete bridges was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Portland cement was first invented in which country? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The demise of terra-cota fireproofing that led to the universal acceptance of reinforced concrete was a result of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which country was the principle of reinforced concrete first developed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What advantage did reinforced concrete enjoy over iron from the viewpoint of structural rationalists? |
|
Definition
| honest construction - both structural and fireproof |
|
|
Term
| Which French engineer built an international concrete company after the Franco-Prussian War? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the name of Tony Garnier's socialist utopian city which employed concrete housing and solar power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is generally regarded as the first American reinforced concrete building? |
|
Definition
| William Ward's Concrete Castle |
|
|
Term
| Name the four types of construction that Semper used to order The four elements of architecture |
|
Definition
1. ceramics
2. stone massonry
3. carpentry
4. curtain wall |
|
|
Term
| What past style did Semper champion as being capable of further development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the precedent for the Brandenburg Gate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first theoreticism to speculate about the woven qualities of the primitive curtain wall was ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German artist usually credited as having coined the term "gesamtkunstwerk" is _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Wasmuth Volumes documented the early work of ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term, raumplan, was devised by _____ to describe his interiors which incorporated interpenetration of spaces |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Steiner House was designed by ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artist's will or ability to generate form |
|
|
Term
| The German term for an individual "imposing one's artistic will" upon a design problem is ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German architectural writer who mythologized the English Arts and Crafts house at the turn of the century was _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gropius was responsible for the design of what building at the 1914 Cologne Exhibition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name two leading designers that were placed in charge of a major German school of design prior to WWI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Loos' major criticism of the Deutcscher Werkbund was that it ________ |
|
Definition
| had too much ornament and standardized everything |
|
|
Term
| The Deutscher Werkbund chose ______ to design the model factory for its 1914 Cologne exhibition. The final design was influenced by what Wright building? |
|
Definition
Groupius and Meyer
Mason City Bank |
|
|
Term
| Peter Behrens was hired by _____ to redesign its corporate image |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The author of "ornament and Crime" was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AEG of Germany hired _______ to redesign its entire image, production, and buildings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the three founders of the Deutscher Werkbund was ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gropius was responsible for what building at the 1914 Deutcher Werkbund Exhibition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Das Enlische Haus was written by ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Loos' opinion of Gesamtkunstwerk? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the primary difference in intention between a Kahn-designed factory and a Behrens-designed AEG factory? |
|
Definition
Kahn: just a factory
Behrens: piece of art |
|
|
Term
| The _____ was founded to encourage the improvement of machine production in Germany. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Behrens was greatly influenced by which philosopher? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Herman Muthesius used which type of building as the model for Germany to emulate in order to improve its building design? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can one view the design of the Fagus factory as an inverse of the AEG Turbine factory? |
|
Definition
Fagus: columns in, has volume and looks like its bursting out, trys to eliminate corners
AEG: columns out, emphasizes corners |
|
|
Term
| What was Loos' criticism of Behren's designs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adolf Loos' major written treatise on architecture was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Fagus Works was designed by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German architectural theorist who noted the inferior quality of German manufactured goods at the 1851 World's Fair was ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what three shapes did Cezanne say that nature reveals itself? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Futurist Manifesto was written by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List two factors which occurred prior to 1860 that influenced the evolution towards abstraction on modern painting |
|
Definition
| Japanese prints and new technology |
|
|
Term
| The primary objective of Cubist painting was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What three shapes did Cubists painters employ in their paintings? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is the name given to a group of radical Italian designers who were prominent just prior to the start of WWI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Futurist movement was centered in _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was one of the compositional goals of Cubist paintings? |
|
Definition
| present object and recompose in pictoral order, geometry, or logic in fragmented volumes on a plane |
|
|
Term
| The architect of the Centennial Hall in Breslau was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe Hugo Haring's design methodology as manifested in the Gut Garkau cowshed |
|
Definition
| every room has an organic shape, and the building is a compilation in a continuous form |
|
|
Term
| _____ designed the Weimar government's new research tower for Einstein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ designed the first Goetheanum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List three buildings at the Werkbund's 1914 Cologne exhibition that represented the three main movements in German architecture prior to the start of WWI |
|
Definition
| 1. Model factory - dynamism 2. Modern Factory - sachlich 3. Glass Pavilion - crystalism |
|
|
Term
| The architect of the Luckenwalde Hat Factory and Dyeworks was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Did Mies extrude the lotlines of the site in both of his glass skyscraper proposals? Why? |
|
Definition
| No, he understood the need for reflections |
|
|
Term
| The designer of the German Glass Industry Pavilion at the 1914 Deutscher Werkbund exhibition was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a different German Expressionist architect who designed in each of the following materials: Glass, brick, dynamism (concrete) |
|
Definition
Glass - Taut
Brick - Gropius
Dynamism - Van de Velde |
|
|
Term
| Why was the cathedral viewed as the ideal historic building type for the German Expressionists? |
|
Definition
| All arts came together as well as all workers took part in the design |
|
|
Term
| _____ was the major building project that focused the energies of German expressionists immediately following the end of WWI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Chilehaus in Hamburg was designed by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The author of "Glass Architecture" was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Cathedral of Socialism was the ultimate goal of what movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Grosses Schauspielhaus in Berlin was designed by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the "crystal chain"? |
|
Definition
| a chain letter initiated by Bruno Taut that was a correspondence of expressionist architects |
|
|
Term
| The first Expressionist glass skyscraper was designed by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Concerning the Spiritual in Art was written by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anthroposophy was founded by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sketch the typical elevational/massing scheme for an Art Deco skyscraper |
|
Definition
book ends, bigger ends, with stepping in
-------
-- --
-- --
---- ----
---- ----
---- ---- |
|
|
Term
| The traditional atrium in the 19th century skyscrapers was quickly replaced by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List three influences on the Art Deco skyscraper that came from Europe |
|
Definition
1. Scandinavian Towers
2. German Brick work
3. German movies |
|
|
Term
| The second place winner of the Chicago Tribune competition was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What World's Fair (date and city) played a pivotal role in the development of Art Deco in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What building project finally forced New York to initiate proceedings toward a zoning code that would limit the size of skyscrapers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The conte crayon renderings of the design potential of the 1916 New York zoning code were drawn by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The autobiography of an idea was written by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first Neo-Gothic skyscraper to break the stranglehold of Neo-Classicism in NYC was the _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List two precedents for the ornament used on the Art Deco skyscraper |
|
Definition
1. German Expressionism
2. Chicago School |
|
|
Term
| list two precedents for the massing of the Art Deco skyscraper |
|
Definition
1. Saarinen's Chicago Tribune entry
2. Sullivan's Odd Fellows Tower |
|
|
Term
| _____ designed the Nebraska state capitol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ designed the Singer Building, the first US building to break the 600' mark. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The style of the Woolworth building in NYC designed by Cass Gilbert can best be described as _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The building that forced NYC to enact a zoning code in 1916 was designed by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ernest Flagg's design of the Singer Building in NYC can best be described as _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Chicago Tribune competition was won by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The European city that was the inspiration for Wiley Corbet's and Hugh Ferris' multi-level city studies was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Art Deco was based on rejecting contemporary technology and using the vocabulary of "traditional" architecture: True or False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wright whould later state that he was influenced by ______ in the design of his Californian "knit-block" houses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wright designed two highrise project in the 1920s. they are ____ and ______ |
|
Definition
1. National Life Insurance
2. St.Marks |
|
|
Term
| _____ designed the First Church, Christ the Scientist in Berkeley |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe how Wright achieved a two-story living area in the apartments in his proposed tower for St. Mark's in the Bowrie: |
|
Definition
| floors are cantilevered off the main core |
|
|
Term
| _____ is noted as the first American architect to completely eschew the use of all ornament in his designs in favor of an asymmetrical massing of rectilinear forms with smooth, white-washed walls with frameless windows. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is best known for his eclecticism, being able to synthesize a diverse collection of stylistic elements with the technology of the day, including such off-the-shelf materials as industrial metal sash and sheet asbestos panels. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term that best describes the style of buildings designed by Bernard Maybeck is _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The type of California house that influenced the work of Greene and Greene was known as the _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe "knit block" construction |
|
Definition
| walls of masonry detailed like a woven fabric, both structural and architectural |
|
|
Term
| One of the major difference between the houses designed by Wright and those designed by Greene and Greene was the Wright used _____ (type of) roofs while Greene and Greene used _____ roofs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "There is something very restful and satisfying to my mind int eh simple cube house with cramy walls, sheer and plain, rising boldly into the sky, unrelieved by cornices or overhang of roof" is a quote by _____ which describes his inner feeling of his residential designs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List three precautions Wright designed into the Imperial Hotel in anticipation of seismic action |
|
Definition
1. friction piles
2. tapperd walls
3. light weight stone
4. flexible construction joints |
|
|
Term
| The architect recognized as the master of the early California "bungalow" in which sensuously-detailed wood construction and deep overhanging balconies were used was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is the name of Wright's compound in Spring Green |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The architect of the Rusakov worker's Club was _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name two avant-garde art movement which emerged in Russia just prior the the Russian revolution and the respective leader of each |
|
Definition
1. Supremitism - Malevich
2. Constructivism - Tatlin |
|
|
Term
| Name the two avant-garde architecture movements which emerged in Russia during the leadership of Lenin and an architect from each |
|
Definition
1. Rationalists - Adhovski
2. Constructivists - Ginzberg |
|
|
Term
| The spiraling design for the proposed Monument to the Third International was conceived by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ was the design school in communist Russia that preceded the Bauhaus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Constructivist architecture was primarily a product of the country _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a Russian Suprematist painter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Prouns" ideaograms with a Utopian content were conceived by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
