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| Nomadic Arabs. Lots of raids and attacks. |
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| Religion founded by Muhammad around 610. Has followers in Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, India, Africa, Spain, and France. Translates to Submission to God. |
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| Called the Prophet. Got revelations from Allah. Was an orphan. Started to preach to people of Mecca to give up their idols and pray to one indivisible God. |
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| Successors to the prophet. Or called companions of the prophet. |
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| The basic tenets of the Islamic faith. 1) Prayer five times a day. 2) Absolute Monotheism. 3) Fasting during Ramadan. 4) Almsgiving to the poor and needy. 5) The Hajj. |
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| Holy War. Struggle within ones self to be the perfect Muslim. |
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| Shrine located in Jerusalem of great importance to Muslims. Site where Muhammad ascended to Heaven. Oldest surviving Islamic sanctuary. |
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| The leader in community prayer. |
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| Collections of the sayings of and anecdotes about Muhammad. |
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| Members of the larger of the two main divisions of Islam. the division began in a dispute about succession to Muhammad, but over time many differences in theology developed. |
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| A community of people who share a religious faith and commitment rather than a tribal tie. |
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| Muhammad's daughter and son in law. Wanted to succeed Muhammad. Had followers called Shi'ites (Shia Muslims). |
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| Arabic term meaning "Supporters of Ali", they make up one of the two divisions of Islamic faith. Ali claimed Muhammad had wanted his to succeed him and shared information with him. |
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| The inner, mystical, spiritual dimension of Islam. |
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| Caliphs in Damascus. Ruled over by Sunnis. Led by Mu'awiya. |
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| God worshiped by Muslims. Gave revelations to Muhammad. |
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| Caliphs of Muhammad that live in Baghdad. The height of Arabic Glory. Took over from the Umayyad's in 747. Led by Abu'al-Abbas. |
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| Arrived in the Middle East in the 13th century. Chinggis Khan was the leader. They started in China and moved westward. They used fear and many tribes surrendered before they fought. |
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| Place where Muslims would worship Allah. |
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| A term meaning "protected peoples",they included Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians. |
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| Journey from Mecca to Medina in attempts to spread the word of Islam. |
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| Christians who lived under Arab Islamic rule. |
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| Home of Muhammad. Islam originated here. |
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| Muhammad went 300 miles north to here in order to spread his religion. Seen as a leader here. |
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| Sacred site in Mecca. All Muslims are expected to face this during prayer no matter where they are in the world. THis is where Muslims travel to for the Hajj. |
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| Journey to Mecca for prayer. Part of the Five Pillars of Islam. |
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