Term
| What are the general characteristics of trematodes? |
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Definition
1. they are multicellular
2. they are hermaphrodites
3. they are host specific
4. their eggs are too heavy to float |
|
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Term
| What is a trematode's sexual orientation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for trematodes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What method is used to recover the eggs of a trematode? |
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Definition
| Fecal sedimentation procedure |
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|
Term
| Why is fecal sedimentation used for diagnosis of trematodes? |
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Definition
| The eggs are too heavy to float |
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Term
| What are the definitive hosts of alaria spp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the distribution of alaria spp? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first larval stage of a trematode |
|
|
Term
| What is the life cycle of alaria spp? |
|
Definition
1. cercarae emerge from the aquatic snail
2. penetrates tadpoles and develop into mesocercariae
3. frogs, snakes and mice are infected by ingesting tadpoles
4. definitive hosts become infected by ingesting a second intermediate host |
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Term
| Are alaria spp pathogenic in small numbers? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are signs and symptoms of alaria spp? |
|
Definition
1. fecal mucus
2. hemorrhagic enteritis
3. pulmonary hemorrhage
4. respiratory compromise |
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|
Term
| How do humans usually become infected with alaria spp? |
|
Definition
| consumption of undercooked frog legs |
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|
Term
| What are treatments for alaria spp? |
|
Definition
1. Praziquantel (Drontal)
2. Epsiprantel (Cestex)
3. Fenbendazole (Panacur)
4. Albendazole (NOT recommended due to side effects) |
|
|
Term
| What medication is not recommended for treatment of alaria spp because of side effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another name for nanophyetus salmincola? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the definitive hosts for nanophyetus salmincola? |
|
Definition
| Dogs, cats and wild carnivores |
|
|
Term
| What is the habitat of nanophyetus salmincola? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the distribution of nanophyetus salmincola? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the life cycle of nanophyetus salmincola? |
|
Definition
1. adults breed in the small intestine and eggs are passed in feces
2. larvae hatch in water and enter an aquatic snail
3. larvae leave snail and enter fish
4. the definitive host eats the fish and becomes infected |
|
|
Term
| What can nanophyetus salmincola carry? |
|
Definition
| A rickettsia called neorickettsia helminthoeca |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of salmon poisoning disease? |
|
Definition
1. diarrhea
2. vomiting
3. lethargy
4. swollen lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| What is the intermediate host of nanophyetus salmincola? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is another name for fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definitive host for fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
| Cattle, sheep, deer, other herbivores and men |
|
|
Term
| What is the habitat of fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
| The bile duct of the liver |
|
|
Term
| What do the eggs of fasciola hepatica look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the adults of fasciola hepatica look like? |
|
Definition
| Dorsoventrally flattened and gray |
|
|
Term
| What is the distribution of fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
| The southeastern US along the gulf and pacific northwest. Whitetail deer in Minnesota are common hosts. |
|
|
Term
| What is the lifecycle of fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
1. while adults live in liver bile ducts eggs are passed in feces
2. larvae hatch from eggs in water
3. larvae enter an aquatic snail
4. larval stage leaves snail and attach to a plant
5. larval stage is ingested with plant material by definitive host
6. ingested larval stage migrates to bile ducts of the liver |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
1. chronic cirrhosis
2. weight loss
3. pot belly caused by fluids in the body
4. "poor doer" |
|
|
Term
| Which animal does fasciola hepatica commonly fatal to by causing acute liver failure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which animal is fasciola hepatica commonly asymptomatic in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is fasciola hepatica controlled? |
|
Definition
1. Not raising animals near swampy areas
2. Killing snails with copper sulfate |
|
|
Term
| What are the treatments of fasciola hepatica? |
|
Definition
1. albendazole
2. carbon tetrachloride |
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|
Term
| What is another name of paragonimus kellicotti? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the hosts of paragonimus kellicotti? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the habitat of paragonimus kellicotti? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the life cycle of paragonimus kellicotti? |
|
Definition
1. eggs passed in a cyst move into the bronchi
2. eggs are coughed up and swallowed
3. eggs are passed in feces and hatch in water
4. larval stage penetrates a snail
5. advanced larval stage leaves the snail and enters a crayfish
6. crayfish is consumed by definitive host
7. larval stage migrates through intestinal wall, through the diaphragm and penetrates the lungs |
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|
Term
| What is the intermediate host of paragonimus kellicotti? |
|
Definition
| Aquatic snail and crayfish |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for dicrocoelium dendriticum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definitive host of dicrocoelium dendriticum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the habitat of dicrocoelium dendriticum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the life cycle of dicrocoelium dendriticum? |
|
Definition
1. eggs are passed in feces and consumed by land snails
2. larval stage leaves the snail and attaches to plants
3. larval stage is consumed by ants
4. definitive host consumes ants while grazing
5. ingested larvae migrate to bile ducts in liver |
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