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Definition
| The leading state in beef production |
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Definition
| the supplementation of young (calves) that are nursing their dams |
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Definition
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| Animal Unit Month- the common animal denominator based on feed consumption |
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Definition
| 73 for a broiler, 70-74 for pork, 50 for lamb, and 52-63 for beef |
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Definition
| Calves and yearling that are intended for eventual finishing and slaughter but are being fed for growth rather than finishing |
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Definition
| an estimate of palatability based primarily on marbling and maturity and generally to a lesser extent on color, texture, and firmness of lean meat |
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| is meat from ruminant animals (with split hooves) that has been slaughtered by Shochet according to ritual laws |
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| A feed additive that changes the metabolism within the rumen by altering the rumen microbes to favor propionic acid over acetic acid |
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| Melengestrol acetate (MGA) |
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Definition
| synthetic progesterone given feedlot heifers to prevent them from cycling and thus increasing feed intake and weight gain |
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Definition
| are microbial cultures or ingredients that stimulate cultures capable of modifying the gastrointestinal environment to favor healthy tissue development |
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| the first breed developed in the United States |
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| The largest breed of cattle in the world |
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Definition
| The cattle breed with the largest horns |
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| Devon, Sussex and Hereford |
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Definition
| generally referred to as the three predominant English breeds |
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Definition
| Enzymes break down ____ (connective tissue) through age |
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Definition
| The intermingled fat in muscle tissue |
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Definition
| Most stunning in the United States is done this |
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| The short plate comes from |
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Definition
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Definition
| one trait at a time is selected until maximum progress has been made |
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Definition
| Imported from Mexico to the US |
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Definition
| identify the quantity or amount of salable meat from beef carcasses |
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Definition
| device used in bloodless castration and the docking of tails of livestock, accomplished by applying a strong rubber band |
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Term
| Yield/Dressing Percentage |
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Definition
| The percentage yield of hot carcass in relation to the weight of a choice steer in % |
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Term
| Expected Progeny Difference (EPD) |
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Definition
| measurement of the degree of difference between the progeny of a bull and those of average bulls of the same breed in the trait being measured |
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Definition
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Definition
| caused by a minute parasite that affects the red blood cells |
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Definition
| is a disease that is often contracted from swampy, poorly drained areas that is carried by snails |
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Term
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Definition
| Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the cause |
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Term
| The symptoms of Pneumonia |
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Definition
| labored breathing, extension of the tongue, and nasal discharge in cold weather |
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Definition
| Consumption of oil/grease-type products |
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Definition
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Definition
| should only be performed on bulls that weigh less than 150 pounds |
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Definition
| are made with large, flat, heavy rocks surrounded by woven wire |
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Definition
| method of administering local anesthesia when dehorning calves |
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Definition
| Animal Medicinal Drug Usage Clarification Act |
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Definition
| First U.S. synthetic breed of sheep |
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Term
| Season most sheep come into estrus |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Average gestation period for sheep |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| clipping wool from the dock, udder, and vulva regions of the ewe prior to breeding and lambing |
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Definition
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Definition
| wool shorn at one time from all parts of the sheep |
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Definition
| wool shorn at one time from all parts of the sheep |
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Definition
| a measurement of the fineness of wool |
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Definition
| Wool as it comes from sheep and prior to cleaning |
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Definition
| metabolic disorder in late pregnancy affecting primarily ewes carrying twins or triplets |
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Definition
| Recessive genetic abnormality common to black-faced sheep |
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Term
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Definition
-Inflammation of the prepuce in male sheep
-AKA Corynebacterium renale, pizzle rot |
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Definition
| A disorder in sheep in which they cannot see because of the wool covering their eyes |
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Definition
| The natural grease (lanolin) of wool |
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Definition
| Undesirable, chalky white hairs found in mohair |
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Definition
| New wool that has not been woven before |
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Definition
| Management practice of increasing the nutritional status of the ewe just prior to breeding to increase the likelihood of multiple births |
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Term
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Definition
| Is an example of a feed high in phytoestrogen, which causes infertility |
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Definition
| Genetic defect in which the upper jaw is longer than the lower jaw |
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Definition
| The genetic defect in which the eyelids are turned inward |
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Definition
| Often confused with soremouth |
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Definition
| A metabolic disorder caused by a selenium deficiency in sheep, also known as Nutritional Muscular Dystrophy |
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Term
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Definition
| A metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of magnesium |
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Term
| State with largest number of sheep |
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Definition
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Definition
| English breed where ewes will breed out of season |
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Definition
| Small dual-purpose breed noted for high lambing rates |
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Definition
| one of the largest, black-faced English breed of sheep with no wool on its head or legs |
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Definition
| a large Asian breed of sheep used for making Persian rugs and fur |
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Definition
| disease related to mad cow disease |
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Definition
| Is the bacterial cause of enzootic abortion of ewes |
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Definition
-Also known as contagious ecthyma
-In people causes Orf |
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Definition
-The largest fine-wool breed in the United States
-Foundation of most Western U.S. range flocks |
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Definition
-Breed with the best lamb carcass
-One of the oldest breeds |
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Definition
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Definition
| Forcing the hands between the pelt and fell |
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Term
| Number of sheep in California and Texas |
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Definition
| 1,000,000 in California; 1,650,000 in Texas |
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Definition
| Indicated by paleness of the inside of the eyelid in sheep |
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Definition
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Definition
| Originate from Spain and the source of the fine-wool breed of sheep |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Iodine to prevent Tetanus |
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Definition
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Definition
| results from a mutton carcass (ossification) |
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Term
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Definition
| membrane that covers the carcass |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of yolk, suint, and other impurities |
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Term
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Definition
| Salts caused by sweating that produces characteristic odor of sheep |
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Term
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Definition
| 50-65 percent during scouring, which influences their grade |
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Term
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Definition
-Largest death losses in feedlot lambs
-Also known as Overeating Disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Result from an imbalance of Calcium and Phosphorus |
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Term
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Definition
-Also known as Tetanus
-The use of elastrators for castration or docking increases the likelihood of Clostridium tetani (Tetanus) |
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Definition
| An old, wild, short-tailed sheep breed |
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Term
| Number of sheep in the United States |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Two plants that are poisonous to cattle that sheep voluntarily consume |
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Definition
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Definition
| Cutting the wool above and below the eyes of sheep |
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Term
| # of hours of dark to improve libido in sheep |
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Definition
| 16- for 12 weeks during the normal anestrous season |
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Term
| Minimum age of castration for ram lamb |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal Rectal Temperature of Sheep |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| (CLA) causes cheeselike accumulation in the lymph nodes and internal organs in sheep |
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Term
| Listerellosis / Encephalitis |
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Definition
| Also known as circling disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by Chlamydia psittaci |
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Term
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Definition
| Treated by Copper sulfate (10 percent) administered in a footbath for sheep only |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as Johne's Disease |
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Term
| Ovine Progressive Pneumonia |
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Definition
| A viral disorder that causes thin ewe syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| An abortion disease spread by cat fecal droppings (zoonotic) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| ADC- helps farmers who are economically threatened by predators (ie. sheep farmers) |
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Definition
| The treating of wool with a soap and soda solution |
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Definition
| The length of wool measuring 560 yards |
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Definition
| The process of manufacturing wool that uses the long wool fibers |
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Definition
| Breed of swine used as a household pet |
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Term
| Colibacillosis (Baby Pig Scours) |
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Definition
-The most common metabolic disorder affecting baby pigs
-preventative measures improved sanitation / vaccination of gestating sows |
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Term
| Dermatosis / Parakeratosis |
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Definition
| caused by zinc deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| Essential for confined pigs |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by deficiency of Calcium, Phosphorus, or Vitamin D in piglets |
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Definition
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Definition
| Disease transmitted to humans by uncooked carcass |
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Term
| Average Sow estrus length |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| castrated boar; shows no sex characteristics |
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Definition
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Definition
| breed of swine with an extra vertebra |
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Definition
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| Number of swine operations in U.S. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Iowa, North Carolina, Minnesota |
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Definition
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Term
| Ideal length of backfat on a pig |
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Definition
| Should not exceed 0.9 inches |
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Term
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Definition
| 4.5 inches or more (average of 6.5) |
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Term
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Definition
-Results in colored patches on the skin, high temperatures, and low death rates
-Has same symptoms as Foot and Mouth disease in cattle
-Also known as San Miguel Sea Lion Virus Disease |
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Term
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Definition
-Results in a deformed snout, irritation, and sneezing
-caused by Bordatella bronchiseptica, the same organism responsible for kennel cough |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic defect in swine inherited as a simple or autosomal recessive trait. It is associated with heavily muscled animals that may suddenly die when exposed to stressful conditions. Their muscle is usually pale, soft, and exudative. |
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Definition
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Term
| Feeder Pig Production Systems |
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Definition
| Produce weaned pigs that are sold to be grown and finished on other farms |
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Definition
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| Average feed conversion of swine |
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Definition
| 3.2 pounds of feed per pound of gain |
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Definition
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Definition
| often affects entire litters; the pigs shake uncontrollably, do not nurse, and are so cold their hair stands on end |
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Definition
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Definition
| thigh of a hog prepared for food, or the hind leg of a swine from the hock upward on a live animal |
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Definition
| The cross section of the pork chop muscle, usually measured between the 10th and 11th ribs |
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Definition
| Fat rendered from fresh pork tissue |
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Definition
| the meat from the cheeks of hogs |
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Definition
| The eight small and sharp teeth on the upper and lower corners of a piglet’s mouth |
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Definition
| (SEW) procedure of early weaning at 10 to 17 days |
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Definition
| Also known as Greasy Pig Syndrome |
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Term
| Porcine Reproductive & Reproductive Syndrome |
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Definition
| The most costly and difficult health problem of swine |
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Definition
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Definition
-Also known as ascarids
-Is the most common and destructive internal parasite in swine |
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Definition
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Definition
| Most popular breed of swine |
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Definition
| A very popular American breed of hog that is red in color (second in total U.S. numbers) |
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Term
| National Pork Producers Council |
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Definition
| an organization that created its own animal welfare committee composed of leading swine veterinarians and animal scientists |
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Definition
| One of the oldest breeds of swine; also known as Irish Grazers |
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Definition
| Used to describe hog stance in which the hind legs are set well apart |
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Term
| three economic traits of pigs with high heritability |
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Definition
| Carcass length, loin lean area, and percentage ham |
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Definition
| Traditional method of permanent identification in hogs |
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Term
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Definition
| castrated hog showing sexual development |
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Term
| Five U.S. Carcass Grades (Pork) |
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Definition
| No. 1, No.2, No.3, No.4, and Utility |
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Term
| Five of the most common wholesale cuts of pork |
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Definition
| ham, loin, jowl, picnic shoulder, and boston butt |
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Term
| Maximum fertilization of Sows |
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Definition
| Breeding takes place 12-24 hours after onset of heat |
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Definition
| Most limiting amino acid in pig diets |
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Definition
| Second most needed mineral in a pig's diet (next to sodium chloride) |
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Term
| Normal Rectal Temperature of a Pig |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Is also known as pseudorabies |
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Term
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Definition
I. Freedom from hunger and thirst
II. Freedom from discomfort
III. Freedom from pain, injury, and disease
IV. Freedom from fear and distress
V. Freedom to display normal behavior |
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Definition
| vegetarians who eat animal products from milk and eggs but no meat |
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Definition
| Passed by Congress in 1958, stated that no carcinogens shall be added to the supply of food |
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Term
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Definition
| Food and Drug Administration- the federal agency that sets specific regulations on the amount of residues of hormones and other additives that may be left in meat |
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Term
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Definition
-Acceptable Daily Intake
-An ADI equals one-hundredth of a NOEL |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Food Safety and Inspection Service |
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Definition
| Federal monitoring of the processes of food |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| American Association of Equine Practitioners |
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Term
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Definition
| Are animals not able to stand due to calving problems, broken bones, or paralysis |
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Term
| Four areas where animal agriculture needs to improve it practices |
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Definition
a. Handling of non-ambulatory animals
b. Processing of live animals
c. Transporting of livestock
d. Addressing the psychological |
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Term
| Federal law imposes a ___ transportation limit on cattle |
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Definition
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Definition
| Regulates stockyards regarding the treatment of animals |
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