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Intro to UE & Posterior Shoulder
Terms, concepts, muscles, and their attachments
41
Anatomy
Graduate
02/16/2012

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Term
Posterior musculature of the rotator cuff
Definition
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
(SITS)
+/- triceps
Term
Anterior musculature of the rotator cuff
Definition
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
(PLT)
+deltoid and subscapularis
Term
Positional landmarks of the scapula:
Definition
Superior angle: T2
Scapular spine at medial border: T3
Inferior angle: T8
distance between vertebrae and medial border at scapular spine: 5cm
distance between medial border at scapular spine and inferior angle: 5cm
Term
Degrees of upward rotation of the scapula
Definition
5-10 degrees
Term
Resting position of the scapula
Definition
30-45 degrees forward of the frontal plane and tipped 10-20 degrees anteriorly
Term
Orientation of the concavity of the glenoid varies according to what?
Definition
the resting position of the scapula
Term
Normal resting position of the scapula will orient the glenoid fossa facing how?
Definition
anterior, lateral, and slightly superior
Term
Glenoid labrum function
Definition
increase the depth curvature of the glenoid fossa providing more joint surface for humeral articulation
Term
Glenoid labrum is a ______________ (type of connective tissue) collar or ring that is continuous with the _________ and __________ (muscle attachments)
Definition
fibrocartilaginous
long head of the biceps
triceps tendons
Term
Osteokinematic motions at the glenohumeral joint:
vertical axis on the horizontal plane
Definition
External rotation
Internal rotation
Term
Osteokinematic motions at the glenohumeral joint:
AP axis on the frontal plane
Definition
Abduction
Adduction
Term
Osteokinematic motions at the glenohumeral joint:
transverse (horizontal) axis on the median plane
Definition
Flexion
Extension
Term
Osteokinematic motions at the sternoclavicular joint:
A/P axis on the frontal plane
Definition
Elevation
Depression
Term
Osteokinematic motions at the sternoclavicular joint:
Vertical axis on the horizontal plane
Definition
Protraction
Retraction
Term
Osteokinematic motions at the sternoclavicular joint:
Oblique axis
Definition
Upward/lateral rotation
Downward/medial rotation
Term
Muscles of external rotation at the GHJ
Definition
Posterior deltoid
Teres minor
Infraspinatus
Term
Muscles of internal rotation at the GHJ
Definition
Anterior deltoid
Pectoralis major
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi
Subscapularis
Term
Muscles of abduction at the GHJ
Definition
Supraspinatus
Lateral deltoid
Term
Muscles of adduction at the GHJ
Definition
Posterior deltoid
Anterior deltod
Pectoralis major
Long head of triceps
Coacobrachialis
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi
Term
Muscles of extension at the GHJ
Definition
Posterior deltoid
Long head of triceps
Teres major
Pectoralis major (Sternocostal)
Latissimus dorsi
Term
Muscles of flexion at the GHJ
Definition
Anterior deltoid
Pectoralis major (clavicular)
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii
Term
Muscles of elevation at the SCJ
Definition
Upper trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Term
Muscles of depression at SCJ
Definition
Subclavius
Pectoralis minor
Pectoralis major (lower fibers)
Lower trapezius
Serratus anterior (lower fibers)
Latissimus dorsi (lower fibers)
Term
Muscles of protraction at SCJ
Definition
Pectoralis minor
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
Term
Muscles of retraction at SCJ
Definition
Rhomboid minor
Trapezius (middle fibers)
Rhomboid major
Latissimus dorsi (upper fibers)
Term
Muscles of upward/lateral rotation at SCJ
Definition
Trapezius (upper and lower part)
Serratus anterior
Term
Muscles of downward/medial rotation
Definition
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
Pectoralis minor
Pectoralis major (lower part)
Latissimus dorsi
Term
Posterior axioscapular muscles
Definition
Levator scapulae
Trapezius
Rhomboids minor and major
Term
Anterior axioscapular muscles
Definition
Subclavius
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Term
Anterior scapulohumeral muscle function
Definition
Connect the humerus to the scapula and stabilize the glenohumeral joint
Term
Posterior scapulohumeral muscles include what?
Definition
The posterior components of the rotator cuff
Term
Axiohumeral muscles, function, and action location
Definition
Muscles: Pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi
Function: Attach the humerus to the axial skeleton Action: at the glenohumeral and sternoclavicular joints
Term
Rotator cuff function
Definition
Primarily stabilizers of the shoulder; secondarily they move the GH joint
Term
Supraspinatus attachments, action, innervation
Definition
P:supraspinous fossa of scapula
D: greater tuberosity/tubercle of the humerus
A: initiates abduction
I: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
Term
Infraspinatus attachments, action, innervation
Definition
P: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
D: greater tuberosity/tubercle of the humerus
A: primary lateral rotator of the GHJ
I: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
Term
Teres minor attachments, action, innervation
Definition
P: lateral border of the scapula
D: greater tuberosity/tubercle of the humerus
A: assists infraspinatus with lateral rotation and weak adduction
I: axillary nerve (C5-C6)
Term
Deltoid attachments, action, innervation
Definition
P: lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula D: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus A: primary abductior of the GHJ, anterior and posterior parts assist with lateral and medial rotation of GHJ I: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)
Term
Teres major attachments, action, innervation
Definition

P: inferior angle of the scapula D: medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus/ crest of the lesser tubercle A: at the GHJ- medial rotation, adduction, and extension

I: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C6)

Term
Quadrangular space contents and boundaries
Definition
contents: axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
Boundaries: (2 muscles, 2 structures) teres major and long head of triceps, surgical neck of the humerus and the joint capsule
Term
Suprascapular nerve origin and location
Definition
superior trunk of the brachial plexus (C5-C6), passes under the suprascapular ligament
Term
Suprascapular artery origin and location
Definition
thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery, passes over the suprascapular ligament
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