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Intro to Cranial Nerves
N/A
56
Anatomy
Graduate
02/21/2012

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Cards

Term
What is the name of CN XII?
Definition
Hypoglossal
Term
What is the name of CN XI?
Definition
Accessory
Term
What is the name of CN X?
Definition
Vagus
Term
What is the name of CN IX?
Definition
Glossopharyngeal
Term
What is the name of CN VIII?
Definition
Vestibulocochlear
Term
What is the name of CN VII?
Definition
Facial
Term
What is the name of CN VI?
Definition
Abducent
Term
What is the name of CN V?
Definition
Trigeminal
Term
What is the name of CN IV?
Definition
Trochlear
Term
What is the name of CN III?
Definition
Oculomotor
Term
What is the name of CN II?
Definition
Optic
Term
What is the name of CN I?
Definition
Olfactory
Term
What are the four functional components of a spinal nerve?
Definition
GSA, GVA, GSE, GVE
Term
What other functional components might cranial nerves have in addition to the four found in spinal nerves?
Definition
Special visceral efferent (SVE), special visceral afferent (SVA), and special somatic afferent (SSA)
Term
General somatic efferent signals innervate what structures?
Definition
Motor to skeletal muscles that develop form somites
Term
General visceral efferent signals innervate what structures?
Definition
Motor to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Term
General somatic afferent signals have what function?
Definition
Sensory from body surface of musculoskeletal system - pain, temp, touch, position, etc.
Term
General visceral afferent signals have what function?
Definition
Sensory from smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Term
Special visceral efferent signals have what function?
Definition
AKA branchiomotor, motor to skeletal muscles that develop from embryonic pharyngeal arches
Term
Special somatic efferent signals have what function?
Definition
Pertain to vision, hearing, and balance
Term
Special visceral afferent signals have what function?
Definition
Pertain to olfaction and taste
Term
Which cranial nerves carry SVE fibers?
Definition
V, VII, IX, and X
Term
Which cranial nerves carry SSA fibers?
Definition
II and VIII
Term
Which cranial nerves carry SVA fibers?
Definition
I, VII, IX, and X
Term
Cranial nerves are classified to have functional components that pertain to what specifically?
Definition
Its attachment site to the brain
Term
Branches of cranial nerves are classified as having functional components that pertain to what specifically?
Definition
The location of the branch itself - some functional components present at the cranial nerve's attachment to the brain may be absent in the branch
Term
How do hitchhiking nerves works?
Definition
Branches may pick up different functional components it previously lacked as it travels alongside a different nerve containing different functional components but only during the course of simultaneous travel
Term
What is characteristic of all sympathetic fibers found in the head?
Definition
All postganglionic from nerve cell bodies located within superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
Term
What is the name of the sympathetic plexus found in the head and where is it found?
Definition
Periarterial nerve plexuses found around external and internal carotid arteries
Term
What cranial nerves carry parasympatehtic innervation?
Definition
CN III, VII, IX, and X
Term
Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic innervation to thoracic and abdominal viscera?
Definition
CN X (vagus)
Term
What is unique about CN IX and X among the other cranial nerves that carry parasympathetic innervation?
Definition
Only ones to carry significant amounts of GVA fibers
Term
Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic innervation via ciliary ganglion? What is its target?
Definition
CN III (oculomotor), targets intrinsic eye muscles
Term
Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic innervation via pterygopalatine ganglion? Where does it branch? What does it target?
Definition
CN VII (facial) via maxillary branch to lacrimal glands, nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and palate
Term
Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic innervation via submandibular ganglion? Where does it branch? What does it target?
Definition
CN VII (facial) via mandibular branch to submandibular and sublingual glands
Term
Which parasympathetic nerve carries parasympathetic innervation via otic ganglion? Where does it branch? What is its target?
Definition
CN IX (glossopharyngeal) via madibular branch to parotid gland
Term
True or false - Some branches of the trigeminal nerve carry parasympathetic fibers
Definition
True - however, those fibers are not considered part of the trigeminal nerve because they are not present in its attachment to the brain
Term
What are the 12 pairs of cranial nerves number according to?
Definition
In the rostral-caudal sequence in which they pierce the dura mater of the cranial base
Term
What does the olfactory nerve (CN I) traverse in order to reach the olfactory bulb?
Definition
Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
Term
Where do CN II (optic nerve) SSA fibers converge?
Definition
At the optic disc
Term
Where do the two optic nerves join and cross?
Definition
Optic chiasm
Term
Which cranial nerves innervate extraocular muscles?
Definition
CN III (oculomotoer), IV (trochlear), and VI (abducent)
Term
What is the main sensory nerve to the face?
Definition
CN V (trigeminal nerve)
Term
What is innervated by CN V (trigeminal nerve)?
Definition
Facial sensory innervation, oral cavity, nasal cavity, muscles of mastication, and other muscles that develop from the first pharyngeal arch
Term
Where do the sensory parts of the trigeminal nerve divide into 3 division?
Definition
Trigeminal ganglion (contains GSA cell bodies)
Term
What is the sensory nerve of the orbit, forehead, and dorsum of the nose?
Definition
Ophthalmic nerve (first branch of trigeminal nerve)
Term
What is the sensory nerve of the middle face that also supplies GSA fibers to the nasal and oral cavities?
Definition
Maxillary nerve (second branch of trigeminal nerve)
Term
What provides innervation to muscles derived from the first pharyngeal arch as well as sensory fibers to the oral cavity, lower 1/3 of the face, and the temples?
Definition
Mandibular nerve (third branch of trigeminal nerve)
Term
What cranial nerve innervates the muscles used for facial expression as well as carrying taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Definition
CN VII (facial nerve)
Term
What carries SSA nerve fibers from the inner ear to the brain?
Definition
CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)
Term
What carries taste and general sensation from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue as well as innervation for the stylopharyngeus muscle?
Definition
CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)
Term
CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) provides GVA fibers to what structures?
Definition
Carotid sinus and carotid body
Term
What cranial nerve innervates muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, larynx, and provides taste to the roots of the tongue and epiglottis?
Definition
CN X (vagus)
Term
What parts of the soft palate and pharynx does the vagus nerve NOT innervate?
Definition
Tensor veli palatini and stylopharyngeus respectively
Term
What provides GSE innervation to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles?
Definition
CN XI (accessory nerve)
Term
What sends GSE fibers to innervate the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Definition
CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
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