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Integumentary System
NA
33
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
09/12/2010

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Term
HYPODERMIS/SUPERFICIAL FASCIA
Definition
IMMEDIATELY DEEP TO THE DERMIS AND PRIMARILY ADIPOSE TISSUE; NOT CONSIDERED PART OF THE SKIN
Term
KERATINOCYTES
Definition
EPITHELIAL CELLS THAT FUNCTION MAINLY TO PRODUCE KERATIN FIBRALS; MOST COMMON EPIDERMAL CELL
Term
KERATIN
Definition
FIBROUS PROTEIN THAT GIVES THE EPIDERMIS ITS DURABILITY AND PROTECTIVE CAPABILITIES
Term
MELANIN
Definition
SPIDERY BLACK CELLS THAT PRODUCE THE BROWN TO BLACK PIGMENT; SKIN TAN IS THE INCREASE IN MELANIN PRODUCTION DUE TO EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT
Term
LANGERHANS' CELLS
Definition
ALSO CALLED EPIDERMAL DENDRITIC CELLS, THESE PHAGOCYTIC CELLS (MACROPHAGES) PLAY A ROLE IN IMMUNITY
Term
MERKEL CELLS
Definition
IN CONJUNCTIONS WITH SENSORY NERVE ENDINGS, THEY FORM A SENSITIVE TOUCH RECEPTORS CALLED MERKEL DISCS LOCATED AT THE EPIDERMAL-DERMAL JUNCTION
Term
STRATUM BASALE
Definition
(BASAL LAYER) SINGLE ROW OF CELLS IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT TO THE DERMIS. CELLS ARE CONSTANTLY UNDERGOING MITOTIC CELL DIVISION; 1/4 ARE MELANOCYTES; DEEPEST LAYER OF THE EPIDERMIS
Term
STRATUM SPINOSUM
Definition
(SPINEY LAYER)SEVERAL CELL LAYERS IMMEDIATELY SUPERFICIAL TO THE BASAL LAYER; PART OF THE EPIDERMIS; CONTAIN THICK WEBLIKE BUNDLES OF FIBERS
Term
STRATUM GRANULOSUM
Definition
(GRANULAR LAYER) THIN LAYER NAMED FOR ABUNDANT GRANULES ITS CELLS CONTAIN (LAMINATED AND KERATOHYALIN) UPPER BORDER OF THIS LAYER THE CELLS START TO DIE
Term
LAMINATED GRANULES
Definition
CONTAIN A WATERPROOFING GLYCOLIPID THAT IS SECRETED INTO THE EXTRACELLULAR SPACE
Term
KERATOHYALIN GRANULES
Definition
COMBINE WITH THE INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS IN THE MORE SUPERFICIAL LAYERS TO FORM THE KERATIN FIBRILS.
Term
STRATUM LUCIDUM
Definition
(CLEAR LAYER) VERY THIN TRANSLUCENT BAND OF FLATTENED DEAD KERATINOCYTES WITH DISTINCT BOUNDRIES; NOT PRESENT IN AREAS OF THIN SKIN
Term
STRATUM CORNEUM
Definition
(HORNY LAYER) CONSISTS OF 20-30 SOME CELL LAYERS; ACCOUNTS FOR THE BULK OF THE EPIDERMAL THICKNESS; DEAD AND THEIR FLATTENED SCALELIKE REMNANTS ARE FULLY KERATINIZED AND RUB OFF CONSTANTLY
Term
PAPILLARY LAYER
Definition
MOST SUPERFICIAL DERMAL LAY; UNEVEN AND HASE FINGER LIKE PROJECTIONS FROM ITS SUPERIOR SURFACE CALLED DERMAL PAPILLAE WHICH ATTACH IT TO THE EPIDERMIS ABOVE IT
Term
DERMAL PAPILLAE
Definition
FINGER LIKE PROJECTIONS WHICH ATTACH THE PAPILLARY LAYER TO THE EPIDERMIS ABOVE IT
Term
RETICULAR LAYER
Definition
DEEPEST SKIN LAYER; CONTAINS MANY ARTERIES, VEINGS, SWEAT AND SEBACEOUS GLANDS, AND PRECIAL RECEPTORS
Term
DECUBITUS ULCERS
Definition
(BEDSORES) OCCUR IN BEDRIDDEN PATIENTS WHO ARE NOT TURNED REGULARLY ENOUGH
Term
JAUNDICE
Definition
SKIN TISSUES BECOME YELLOWED AND ALMOST ALWAYS DIAGNOSTIC FOR LIVER DISEASE
Term
ADDISONS DISEASE
Definition
BRONZING OF THE SKIN THAT HINTS A PERSONS ADRENAL CORTEX IS HYPOACTIVE
Term
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
Definition
FOUND NEARLY ALL OVER THE SKIN, EXCEPT FOR THE PALMS OF THE HANDS AND THE SOLES OF THE FEET. DUCTS USUALLY EMPTY INTO A HAIR FOLLICLE BUT SOME OPEN DIRECTLY INTO THE SKINS SURFACE
Term
SEBUM
Definition
MIXTURE OF OILY SUBSTANCES AND FRAGMENTED CELLS; LUBRICANT THAT HELPS KEEP SKIN SOFT AND MOIST AND HAIR FROM BECOMING BRITTLE
Term
SWEAT (SUDORIFEROUS) GLANDS
Definition
EXOCRINE GLANDS THAT ARE WIDELY DISTRIBUTED IN THE SKIN; TWO SUBCATEGORIES: ECCRINE AND APOCRINE GLANDS
Term
ECCRINE GLANDS
Definition
DISTRIBUTED ALL OVER THE BODY; PRODUCE CLEAR PERSPIRATION CONSISTING OF PRIMARILY WATER, SALT, UREA
Term
APOCRINE GLANDS
Definition
FOUND PREDOMINATELY IN THE AXILLARY AND GENITAL AREAS; SECRETE A MILKY PROTEIN AND FAT RICH SUBSTANCE (ALSO CONTAINING WATER, SALTS, AND UREA)
Term
HAIR FOLLICLE
Definition
ENCLOSES HAIR, ALSO AND EPITHELIAL STRUCTURE
Term
ROOT
Definition
PORTION OF THE HAIR THAT IS ENCLOSED IN THE FOLLICLE
Term
SHAFT
Definition
PORTION OF THE HAIR THAT PROJECTS FROM THE SCALP SURFACE
Term
HAIR BULB
Definition
WELL NOURISHED GERMINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS AT THE BASAL END OF THE FOLLICLE
Term
ARRECTOR PILI
Definition
SMALL BANDS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE THAT CONNECT EACH HAIR FOLLICLE TO THE PAPILLARY LAYER OF THE DERMIS
Term
NAIL BED
Definition
ROOT OF THE NAIL IS EMBEDDED IN THE SKIND AND ADHERES TO THIS EPITHELIAL STRUCTURE
Term
NAIL FOLDS
Definition
BORDERS OF THE NAIL ARE OVERLAPPED BY THESE SKIN FOLDS
Term
EPONYCHIUM
Definition
COMMONLY CALLED THE CUTICLE; IS THE THICK PROXIMAL NAIL FOLD
Term
NAIL MATRIX
Definition
THICKENED PROXIMAL PART OF THE NAIL BED THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE NAIL GROWTH
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