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Integumentary System
Vocabulary
45
Anatomy
12th Grade
11/13/2008

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Term
hypodermis
Definition
third layer; attaches the skin to underlying bone or muscle
Term
subcutaneous tissue
Definition
another name for hypodermis
Term
dermis
Definition
second layer; dense connective tissue
Term
epidermis
Definition
first layer; rests on the dermis
Term
clevage
Definition
the skin is the most resistant to stretch along these lines
Term
dermal papillae
Definition
upper part of the dermis; contains blood vessels
Term
keratinization
Definition
when epithelial cells die and produce an outer layer of cells
Term
strata
Definition
distinct layers of skin
Term
stratum basale
Definition
deepest stratum; consists of cubodial and columnar cells
Term
stratum corneum
Definition
the most superficial strata of the epidermis
Term
callus
Definition
a thickened area of the stratum corneum
Term
melanin
Definition
group of pigments responsible for skin, hair, and eye color
Term
melanocytes
Definition
produce melanin; found in deep part of epidermis
Term
melanosomes
Definition
melanin is packaged into these vesicles
Term
albinism
Definition
a recessive trait that causes a deficiency or absence of melanin
Term
carotene
Definition
a yellow pigment found in squash and carrots
Term
hair shaft
Definition
part of the hair that protrudes through the skin
Term
hair bulb
Definition
part of the hair found below the surface of the skin
Term
cortex
Definition
hard outer layer of the hair
Term
medulla
Definition
soft center of the hair
Term
cuticle
Definition
stratum corneum that extends onto the nail body
Term
hair follicle
Definition
an extension of the epidermis found deep within the dermis
Term
arrector pili
Definition
smooth muscle cells associated with hair follicle
Term
sebaceous glands
Definition
produce sebum
Term
sweat glands
Definition
produce sweat secretions
Term
sebum
Definition
an oily, white substance rich in lipids
Term
meocrine glands
Definition
numerous in the palms and soles; secrete mostly water and a few salts
Term
apocrine glands
Definition
produce thick secretion rich in organic substances
Term
nail
Definition
a thin plate, consisting of layers of dead stratum corneum (keratin)
Term
nail root
Definition
part of the nail that is covered by the skin
Term
eponychium
Definition
another name for cuticle
Term
nail matrix
Definition
the lunula is part of this portion of the nail
Term
lunula
Definition
whitish, crescent-area at the base of the nail
Term
vitamin D
Definition
allows the intestines to absorb calcium and phosphate
Term
excretion
Definition
removal of waste products from the body
Term
freckles
Definition
occur because of increased melanin production
Term
age spots
Definition
occur with age; found on the hands and face
Term
cyanosis
Definition
bluish skin color due to decreased oxygen supply
Term
jaundice
Definition
yellowish skin color due to liver damage
Term
partial-thickness burn
Definition
same as a first of second-degree burn
Term
full-thickness burn
Definition
same as a third-degree burn
Term
first-degree burn
Definition
involve only the epidermis; red and painful
Term
second-degree burn
Definition
involve the epidermis and dermis
Term
third-degree burn
Definition
when the epidermis and dermis are completely destroyed; scarring occurs
Term
edema
Definition
swelling
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