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Integumentary System
Anatomy Skin Question and Answers
50
Anatomy
Graduate
09/13/2008

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Cards

Term
Name the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?
Definition
The layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep are the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and the stratum basale
Term
When you get a cut that only penetrates the epidermis, why doesn't it bleed?
Definition
There are no blood vessels in the epidermis.
Term
In which layer of the epidermis would you find the cells that are undergoing mitosis?
Definition
They are found in the stratum basale layer of the epidermis
Term
What does the adipose tissue in the hypodermis act to do?
Definition
It acts as insulation, padding, and creates difference in body shape
Term
What is the function of sebum? And what glands produce sebum?
Definition
Sebum prevents the skin from drying out and provides protection from bacteria. Sebum is produced by the sebaceous glands.
Term
What are the two types of sweat glands in the body?
Definition
Merocrine and apocrine
Term
Where are the merocrine glands located in the body, and where are they most numerous?
Definition
They are located throughout the body, but are most numerous on the palms and soles.
Term
Where are the apocrine glands located?
Definition
They are located in the axillae, genitalia, and around the anus.
Term
When the body gets hot or overheated, what does the brain signal the dermal blood vessels to do?
Definition
Dilate
Term
When the body is cold, what does the brain signal the dermal blood vessels to do?
Definition
Constrict
Term
How does the Integument system respond to an increase in body temperature?
Definition
By dermal vasodilation and sweating
Term
What are nails a derivative of?
Definition
The epidermis
Term
What is the primary composition of hair?
Definition
Dead epithelial cells
Term
The dermis is comprised by which two types of tissue?
Definition
Areolar connective tissue and dense connective tissue
Term
What level of organization is the skin?
Definition
Organ
Term
Nerve fibers, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands are found in what layer of the skin?
Definition
In the dermal layer
Term
The skin is also known as a membrane, what is the name of this membrane?
Definition
Cutaneous
Term
The hypodermis is composed of what two types of tissue?
Definition
Adipose and areolar connective tissue.
Term
What separates the dermis from the epidermis?
Definition
The basement membrane.
Term
In what layer of the epidermis are the youngest cells found?
Definition
In the basale layer
Term
In what layer of the skin is the greatest amount of keratin found?
Definition
In the stratum corneum
Term
What other name is the stratum basale layer known by?
Definition
The germinativum layer
Term
Calluses are thickened layers and are caused by what?
Definition
friction or pressure.
Term
In what layer of the epidermis are pigment producing melanocytes found/
Definition
They are found in the stratum basale layer
Term
What does melanin protect the skin from?
Definition
The damaging effects of sunlight
Term
skin cancer most likely arises from what type of cells?
Definition
Epithelial cells
Term
Pacinian corpuscles are associated with detecting what within the skin?
Definition
Deep pressure
Term
Most sensory fibers, and structures are located in what layer. The epidermis, dermis or hypodermis?
Definition
Dermis
Term
What do tactile corpuscles respond to?
Definition
Stimulus of light touch
Term
The subcutaneous layer is also known by what other name?
Definition
The hypodermis
Term
The main factor in preserving body heat is do to the presence of what type of tissue?
Definition
Adipose
Term
What is the part of the hair from the surface into the dermis called?
Definition
A follicle
Term
The color of hair is due to what type of concentration in the skin?
Definition
Melanin
Term
The color of red hair is do to what?
Definition
Trichosiderin
Term
Goosebumps are caused by the contraction of what muscle?
Definition
The arrector pili muscle
Term
What is the most active growing region of the nails?
Definition
The lunula
Term
Sweat glands are also known as what type of glands?
Definition
Sudoriferous glands
Term
What actually controls and maintains body temperature?
Definition
The hypothalamus
Term
What is the most easily regulated loss of heat through the skin?
Definition
Evaporation
Term
Carotene which is a pigment that can be found in vegetables can produce what reaction to the skin?
Definition
A yellow or orange tint to the skin.
Term
What is the protective dead layer of the epidermis called?
Definition
The stratum corneum
Term
What layer of the epidermis do hairs arise from?
Definition
From the stratum basale layer
Term
In the nails the most rapidly dividing cells can be found in what part?
Definition
The lunula
Term
The eccrine glands respond to higher body temperature by releasing what?
Definition
Water to the skin surface
Term
What do ceruminous glands secrete into the ear canals?
Definition
Wax (sebum)
Term
What are the three ways that heat loss occurs from the body?
Definition
Evaporation, convection and radiation
Term
The response that the body would employ to raise body temperature when other methods such as sweat glands, skeletal muscle contraction and constricted blood vessels fails would be what?
Definition
Full body shivering
Term
What are the epidermal ridges or fingerprints caused by?
Definition
Dermal papillae
Term
What are nails composed of?
Definition
Keratinized, packed dead, epithelial cells
Term
Skin color is due to the presence or absence of what?
Definition
Melanin
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