Term
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Definition
| dermo, dermato, and cutaneo |
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Term
| How does the Integumentary System maintain body temperature |
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Definition
-the skin responds by using perspiration to lower back to normal
- § The skin is also able to dilate or constrict blood vessels to vent |
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Term
| How does the Integumentary System provide protection? |
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Definition
-microorganisms infiltrating the skin
-Chemicals: acids and alkalines
-Sun |
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Term
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Definition
| transmits sensation to the brain such as cold, pain, heat, touch, and pressure |
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Term
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Definition
chemical which is formed by cells in the skin, it is absorbed and into the blood, and then to digestive system
- § Captures the molecules of calcium, without it will become calcium deficient
-UV radiation (the sun) stimulates the production |
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Term
| Four distinct cell types of the skin |
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Definition
| Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans cells, Merkel cells |
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Term
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Definition
-produces karatin
-cells are constantly pushed to the surface by the production of new cells at the basal surface
-once they reach the apical surface they are dead cells |
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Term
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Definition
-synthesizes the pigment melanin
-melanin is a pigment which gives skin color
-found in deepest part of epidermis
-protects us from UV light |
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Term
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Definition
-belongs to the immune system
-arise from bone marrow
-act as a macrophage |
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Term
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Definition
| associated with sensory nerve endings, "touch" receptors |
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Term
| Five layers of skin listed from deepest to most superficial |
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Definition
| stratum basale-->stratum spinosum-->stratum granulosum-->stratum lucidum-->stratum corneium |
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Term
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Definition
| Deepest layer, composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes that contain scattered tonofilaments (intermediate filaments); stem cells undergoe cell division to produce a new keratinocytes melanocytes and Merkel cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| eight to ten rows of many-sided keratinocytes with bundles of tonofilaments; includes armlike processes of melanocytes and Langerhan cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Three to five rows of many-sided keratinocytes, in which organelles are beginning to degenerate; cells contain the protein keratohyalin, which converts tonofilaments into keratin, and lamerllar granules, which release a lipid-rich, water-repellent secretion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Present only in skin of fingertips, palms, and soles; consists of three to five rows of clear, flat, dead keratinocytes with large amounts of keratin |
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Term
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Definition
| Twenty-five to thirty rows of dead, flat keratinocytes that contain mostly keratin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the superficial portion of the dermis(about 1/5); consists of areolar connective tissue with thin collagen and fine elastic fibers; contains dermal ridges that house capillaries, Meissner corpuscles, and free nerve endings |
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Term
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Definition
| The deepest portion of the dermis (4/5); consists of dense irregular connective tissue with bundles of thick collagen and some coarse elastic fibers. spaces between fibers contain some adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous glands, and sudoriferous glands |
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Term
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Definition
| a yellow-orange pigment that gives egg yolk and carrots their color. |
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Term
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Definition
| the inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin, melanin is missing fro their hair, skin, and eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| superficial portion of hair which projects above the surface of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| the portion of the hair deep to the shaft that penetrates into the dermis, and sometimes into the subcutaneous layer |
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Term
| Shaft and Root's three concentric layers of cells |
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Definition
| medulla(is lacking in people with thin hair), cortex(consists of elongated cells, major part of the shaft), and cuticle(outermost layer, consists of a single layer of thin, flat cells that are mostly heavily keratinized, arranged like shingles on a house) |
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Term
| Anatomy of Hair:Hair follicle |
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Definition
| surrounding the root of the hair, made up of an external root sheath and an internal root sheath which is refered to together as epitheial root shaft |
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Term
| Anatomy of Hair:dermal root sheath |
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Definition
| the dense dermis surrounding the hair follicle |
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Term
| Anatomy of Hair: arector pili |
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Definition
| bundle of smooth muscle associated with hairs |
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Term
| Anatomy of Hair:hair root plexus |
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Definition
| surrounding hair follicles are dendrites of neurons that are sensitive to touch |
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Term
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Definition
| usually by the fifth month of development(in utero) the follicles produce very fine, non pigmented, downy hairs that covers the body of the fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| prior to birth the lanugo of the eyebrows, eyelashes and scalp are shed and replaced by long, coarse, heavily pigmented hairs |
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Term
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Definition
| the lanugo of the rest of the body is replaced with________, commonly called "peach fuzz" which are short fine pale hairs that hairs that are barely visible to the naked eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| sweat glands, release sweat or perspiration into hair follicles or onto the skin surface through pores. |
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Term
| eccrine sweat glands or merocrine sweat glands |
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Definition
| simple coiled tubular glands that are much more common than apocrine sweat glands, especially common in skin of forehead, palms, and soles |
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Term
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Definition
| The homeostasis regulation of body temperature is known as __________. Uses eccrine sweat glands |
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Term
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Definition
| also simple, coiled tubular glands, found mainly in the skin of the axilla, groin, areolae(pigmented areas around nipples), secretion is via exocytosis, sweat is slightly viscous and appears milky or yellowish in color |
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Term
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Definition
| modified sweat glands in the external ear, produces waxy lubricating secretion |
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Term
| Anatomy of a Nail: nail body(plate) |
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Definition
| visible portion of the nail |
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Term
| Anatomy of a Nail: free edge |
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Definition
| part of the nail body that may extend past the distal end of the digit |
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Term
| Anatomy of a Nail:nail root |
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Definition
| portion of the nail buried in a fold of skin |
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Term
| Anatomy of a Nail: lunula |
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Definition
| whitish, crescent-shaped area of the proximal end of the nail body |
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Term
| Anatomy of a Nail: hyponychium or nail bed |
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Definition
| beneath free edge is thicked region of strum cornium called ________or ________ which secures the nail to the fingertip |
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Term
| Anatomy of a Nail:nail matrix |
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Definition
| the proximal portion of epithelium deep to the nail root is the _________, where cells divide by mitosis to produce growth |
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Term
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Definition
| Superficial burn, containing only the epidermis, such as sunburn |
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Term
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Definition
| partial thickness burn affecting the dermis and epidermis which causes blistering |
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Term
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Definition
| Full thickness burn which affects epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer of skin |
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Term
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Definition
| used for estimating the suraface area affected by a burn in an adult is the _______ |
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