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Integument
Human Anatomy - Dr. Garner
49
Anatomy
Not Applicable
10/12/2011

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Term
What are the underlying structures that give shape to the skin?
Definition
Bone
Cartilage
Muscle
Adipose Tissue
Term
What is the scientific study of the skin?
Definition
Dermatology
Term
Clinically, what might an overall paleness of the integument indicate?
Definition
Loss of Blood Pressure
Term
Clinically, what might an overall redness of the integument indicate?
Definition
Increase in Body Temperature
Term
Clinically, what might a localized redness of the integument indicate?
Definition
Irritation
Term
What organ is the integument?
Definition
Skin
Term
Why is the skin considered an organ?
Definition
It has all four tissue types
Term
Which of the four primary tissue types make up the integument?
Definition
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Connective Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Term
What are the two layers of the integument?
Definition
Epidermis
Dermis
Term
List the fuctions of the integument.
Definition
Protection
Prevention of Water Loss
Excretion by means of Secreation
Temperature Regulation
Metabolic Regulation
Immune Defense
Sensory Reception
Term
What type of tissue makes up the epidermis?
Definition
Keratinized, Stratified, Squamous Epithelium
Term
The epidermis lacks blood vessels. What medical term describes this?
Definition
Avascular
Term
Where is thick epidermis found?
Definition
Palmar Aspect of Hands
Plantar Aspect of Feet
Term
Where is thin epidermis found?
Definition
Most of the Body
Term
What three pigments conribute to skin color?
Definition
Hemoglobin
Melanin
Carotene
Term
What is a harmless, localized overgrowth of melanin-forming cells?
Definition
Nevus (Mole)
Term
What is a yellowish or brown spot caused by localized areas of excessive melanocety activity rather than an increase in melanocyte number?
Definition
Freckles
Term
What is a congenital anomaly that results in sken discoloration due to blood vessels that proliferate and form a benign tumor?
Definition
Hermangiona
Term
What are contours of the skin surface that form ridge paterns on the palmar aspect of the hand and the plantar surface of the foot?
Definition
Friction Ridges
Term
What layer of the dermis is super ficial and contains capillaries and sensory receptors?
Definition
Papillary Layer
Term
What layer of the dermis is deeper ad contains large amounts of collagen and consists primarily of dense irregular connective tissue?
Definition
Reticular Layer
Term
What are lines of cleavage?
Definition
Bundles of collagen and elastic fibers in the skin direction of applied stress during routine movement
Term
Why are cleavage lines important?
Definition
Any procedure resulting in a cut at right angles to a cleavage line is usually pulled open due to recoil from elastic fibers resulting in slow healing and increased scarring
Term
Nerve fibers are extensively dispersed througout the dermis. What is this property of the distribution of nerves to or in a part of the body?
Definition
Innervation
Term
What two processes change the diameter of the blood vessels and in the skin to help regulate body temperature and blood pressure?
Definition
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Term
What are the functions of subcutaneous fat?
Definition
Protection
Energy Reservoir
Thermal Insulation
Term
How does the distribution of subcutaneous fat differ between men and women?
Definition
Men: Neck, Abdomen, arms, lower back, buttocks
Women: Breast, hips, thighs (thicker)
Term
What are nails?
Definition
Scalelike Modifications of the Epidermis
Term
What are the functions of the nails?
Definition
Protection
Improve Grip
Term
What is the area of active growth in a nail?
Definition
Nail Matrix
Term
What is the whitish, semilunar area at the proximal end of a nail?
Definition
Lunala
Term
What is hair?
Definition
Filaments of Keratinized Cells
Term
What is the fine, unpigmented, downy hair that first appears on the fetus in the las trimester?
Definition
Lanugo
Term
What is the fine, unpigmented or lightly pigmented hair found on the arms and legs?
Definition
Vellus
Term
What is the usually coars, pigmented hair found on the scalp, eyebrows, eylashes, axilla, and pubic region and the on the faces of adult males?
Definition
Terminal
Term
What is the swelling at the base of the hair and lying within the dermis?
Definition
Hair Bulb
Term
What is the portion of a hair from the bulb to the surface?
Definition
Root
Term
What is the portion o a hair that extends beyound the skin surface?
Definition
Shaft
Term
What is the oblique tube of epithelium that surrounds a hair?
Definition
Hair Follicle
Term
What is the oblique tube of epithelium that surrounds a hair?
Definition
Hair Follicle
Term
What smooth muscles produce "Goose Bumps"?
Definition
Arrector (Erector) Pili Muscle
Term
List the six functions of hair.
Definition
Protection
Heat Retention
Facial Expression
Sensory Reception
Visual Identification
Chemical Signal Dispersal
Term
What type of swear gland functions in thermoregulation?
Definition
Merocrine Glands?
Term
Wha type of sweat gland produces a distinct odor?
Definition
Apocrine Glands
Term
What type of gland produces sebum to keep the skin and hair from becoming dry?
Definition
Sebaceous Glands
Term
What type of gland is located within the external canal?
Definition
Ceruminous Glands
Term
What glands produce milk?
Definition
Mammary Glands
Term
What germ layer gives rise to the epidermis?
Definition
Ectoderm
Term
What germ layer gives rise to the dermis?
Definition
Mesoderm
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