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Industrialization & Migration
Industrialization & Migration Key Terms and People
32
History
8th Grade
01/20/2010

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Term
monopoly
Definition
total control of a type of industry by one person or one company
Term
normal school
Definition
a two-year school for training high school graduates as teachers
Term
graded school
Definition
a school that required students to pass certain tests before proceeding on to the next step, or grade
Term
bright leaf tobacco
Definition
tobacco cured by controlled heat, which turned the leaf yellow
Term
interest
Definition
a charge for borrowing money
Term
supply
Definition
the amount of commodity available for sale
Term
Farmer's Alliance
Definition
an organizatoin to help farmers, founded in the late 1800s
Term
farmer cooperative store
Definition
a store that bought supplies, such as fertilizer, in bulk, which lowered the cost to the farmers
Term
collateral
Definition
something pledged to guarantee the repayment of a loan
Term
money supply
Definition
the amount of currency and coin available for each person in the country
Term
Populist Party
Definition
a political party formed in the 1890s that supported the interests of farmers
Term
Fusionists
Definition
a member of the Populists and Republican parties that cooperated to elect statewide officials in the late 1890s
Term
white supremacy
Definition
the belief that the white race is superior to any other race
Term
hydroelectricity
Definition
water-powered electricity
Term
disfranchisement
Definition
to lose the right to vote
Term
grandfather clause
Definition
provided an exception to the literacy requirement for voting; clause stated that any man whose father or grandfather had voted before 1867 could vote anyway, since that family had always done so
Term
universal education
Definition
the idea that every child, white and black, would have access to better schools
Term
equalization
Definition
the funding of schools in poorer counties at a greater rate than in the richer counties
Term
referendum
Definition
a vote of the people on a particular issue
Term
prohibition
Definition
a policy making it illegal to make, possess, or consume alcoholic beverages
Term
compulsory education
Definition
a requirement that every child attend school until a specific age, unless there was a family situation that required the child to work
Term
Jim Crow laws
Definition
segregation laws that separated the races, particularly in public places like city parks and graded schools
Term
mill village
Definition
a cluster of housing near a factory that was owned by the company, which also provided stores and schools
Term
Yellow Journalism
Definition
writing which exaggerates sensational, dramatic, and gruesome events to attract readers; a type of sensational, biased, and often false reporting
Term
Washington Duke
Definition
an American tobacco industrialist from Durham
Term
James Buchanan Duke
Definition
son of Washington Duke; a U.S. tobacco and electic power industrialist
Term
Leonidas L. Polk
Definition
became the first commissioner of agriculture for N.C.; editor of The Progressive Farmer
Term
Charles B. Aycock
Definition
N.C. governor from 1901-1905; came up with the idea of universal education
Term
Orville & Wilbur Wright
Definition
made the first powered flight in 1903 at Kitty Hawk on N.C.'s Outer Banks; "First in Flight"
Term
Upton Sinclair
Definition
Author of the book, The Jungle, which describes the horrors of the meatpacking industry in Chicago; aim was to gain sympathy for the workers
Term
Theodore Roosevelt
Definition
26th President of the U.S.; leader of the Progressive Movement
Term
Ida Tarbell
Definition
A writer that revealed the unfair practices of the oil trust; her articles led to public pressure for more government control over big business
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