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Indicationsfor the use of Blood transfusions in the veterina
n/a
27
Veterinary Medicine
Not Applicable
12/13/2011

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Cards

Term
What information is needed to evalate bleeding?
Definition
  • Patient history
  • Is it one site or mutifocal
  • Environmental history
  • Breed
  • Physical exam
  • Petechiaton or ecchymoses
  • Epistaxis or hematuria
  • Bleeding into body cavity
  • Mucus membrane color
  • Pulse rate and quality
  • CRT
  • Respiration
Term
What labortory test is run to check for a bleeding disorder?
Definition
  • Platelet count
  • Bleeding time
  • Buccal bleeding time
  • Cuticle bleeding time
  • Activated clotting time
Term
Clinical indications for a blood transfusion
Definition
  • Severe blood loss
  • Acute hemorrage
  • Chronic anemia
  • Bleeding disorder
  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Term
Whole blood can be stored or separated into:
Definition
  • Packed red blood cells (fresh and stored)
  • Fresh plasma
  • Stored plasma
  • Cryoprecipitate platlet-rich plasma
Term
How old can the blood be to be considered fresh whole blood?
Definition
< 8 hours
Term
What does fresh whole blood provide?
Definition
  • RBCs
  • WBCs
  • Platelets
  • Plasma
  • Coagulation factors
Term
Conditions fresh whole blood is used for
Definition
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • DIC
  • Massive hemorrage
Term
What does stored whole blood provide?
Definition
  • RBCs
  • Plasma proteins
Term
What does stored whole blood restores?
Definition
  • Blood volume
  • Oxygen carrying capacity
Term
How long can Packed RBCs be stored?
Definition
37 days refrigerated
Term
Packed RBCs used for
Definition
Anemia
Term
What does Fresh or fresh frozen plasma provide?
Definition
  • Plasma
  • Albumin
  • Coagulation factors
Term
Fresh or Fresh Frozen plasma used for
Definition
  • Coagulation
  • Liver Disease
  • DIC
  • Rodenticide toxicity
Term
What does stored plasma provide?
Definition
Plasma protien only
Term
What is Stored Plasma used for?
Definition
Hypoproteinemia
Term
Platelet Rich Plasma used for
Definition
  • Low platelet numbers
  • Platelet dysfunction
Term
What canine blood type are considered universal donors
Definition
negative for DEA1.1
Term
What are the 3 feline blood groups?
Definition

A (most common), B, AB (very rare)

There is no universal donor

Term
Criteria for canine donor
Definition
  • At least 1 year old, weight 26 kg
  • Current vaccines
  • Not on medicationsat time of donation
  • PCV>40% or Hb concentration of at least 13 g/dl
  • A recent CBC and chemistry panel
  • Test for infectious agent yearly
  • VWB negative
  • Good temperament
  • DEA 1.1 and preferably DEA 1.2 and 7 negative
Term
Criteria for Feline donor
Definition
  • Totally indoor cat
  • Large and lean at least 5 kg
  • good nnatuered
  • current vaccines
  • Annual CBC and Chemistry
  • Test negative for FIV, FeLV, FIP, Haembartonellanegative
  • PCV >35%, Hb>11g/dl
  • Should be blood typed
Term
Anticoagulants that maintain blood cell viability during storage
Definition
  • Citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1)
  • Citrate-phosphate-dextrose
  • Acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD)
Term
Transfusion rates should not exceed
Definition

22ml/kg/hr

Cardiovascular compromise cannot tolerate infusion rates above 4 ml/kg/hr

Term
Base line values
Definition
  • attitude
  • Temperature
  • Pulse rate and quality
  • CRT
  • TP
  • Plasma and urine color
  • Parameters should be checked every 30 minutes
Term
Clinical signs of a transfusion reation
Definition
  • Tachycardia
  • Weakness
  • Hypotension
  • Vomiting
  • Salivation
  • Muscle tremors
Term
Laboratory changes associated with acute hemolysis include:
Definition
  • Acquired coagulation disorders
  • Hemoglobinuria, hemoglobinemia
Term
What are nonimmunologic transfusion reactions usually due to?
Definition
Vascular overload
Term
Signs of nonimmunologic transfusion reactions
Definition
  • Dry cough
  • Respiratory distress
  • Vomiting
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