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| ancient indian language of aryans in which early Hindu texts were written |
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| first empire in India, founded by Chandragupta |
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| second empire in India, founded by Chandra Gupta I |
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| language of southern India, also the people who spoke that language |
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| Indo-Europeans who began to migrate into the Indian subcontinent |
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| great indian epic poem reflecting the struggles of the Aryans as they moved south into India |
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| four collections of sacred writtings produced by the Aryans during an early stage of their settlement in India |
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| hindu god cosidered the ruler of the world |
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| hindu god considered the preserver of the world |
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| hindu god considered destroyer of the world |
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social system of aryans - four classes
priests, warriors, peasents or traders, non-aryan laborers or craftsmen |
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considered most impure.
butchers, gravediggers, trash collectors, touching them endangered purity |
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| hinduism+buddhism, all good and bad deeds done by a person determine fate after rebirth |
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| buddhist doctrine or teachings |
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hinduism+buddhism - process where soul is reborn till it achieves purpose
you keep reincarnating till moksha is reached |
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a state of perfect understanding of all things, a state of enlightenment
you can only achieve moksha in top three classes |
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| discussions between a student and teacher on Vedic Hymns that are written |
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| chandragupta's grandson, brought Mauryan empire to greatest heights |
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1. life is filled w/ suffering and sorrow
2. cause of suffering is the desire for pleasures in this world
3. you can end suffering by ending desire
4. you overcome desire and attain enlightenment through the "eightfold path" |
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the path preached by the Buddha as the way to escape from anguish and suffering
includes: right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration |
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| buddhism founder, born to noble family |
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| (buddhism) release from pain and suffering after enlightenment achieved |
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| one of India's greatest writers |
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| sect of buddhism - original - focussing on spiritual discipline |
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| stone structures built over Buddhist holy relics |
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| great persion king, military genius, his army respected conquered land and didn't loot, allowed Jews to go back to Jerusalem and rebuild |
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| a governor of a province in the persian empire |
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| 1,600 mile road in persian empire |
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| religion - belief in one god "Ahura Mazda" |
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| persian king - a noble of the ruling dynasty - started as bodyguard of king Cabyses (who was Cyrus' son) |
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| an empire ruled by one main leader with less powerful rulers controlling different small parts such as provinces |
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| sect of buddhism - those who who accepted new doctrines |
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| calculated value of Pi to four decimal places and also calculated solar years |
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| contains 1028 hymns to aryan gods |
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| religion that believed everything in the universe has a soul and should not be harmed, don't kill ants and wear masks to not inhalte insects (some of the wealthiest indians were Jainists) |
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| the would soul that contains and unites all atmans(individual soul of a living being) |
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| individual soul of a living being |
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| buddhist previous reincarnation |
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| religious system - competed w/ early christianity |
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