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Important lower body question
lower body muscle function
133
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
06/18/2012

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Term
Anterior muscles that extend the knee
Definition
Quads
Term
Posterior muscles that flex the knee
Definition
Hamstrings
popliteus
TFL
sartorius
Gracilis
Gastrocnemius
Term
Primary function of rectus femoris
Definition
Hip Flexion and knee extension
Term
along with hip flexion and knee extension, rectus femoris also causes
Definition
hip abduction and anterior pelvic tilt when femure is stabilized
Term
Function of Vastus Lateralis
Definition
Knee Extension
Term
Function of Vastus Intermedius
Definition
Knee extension
Term
Function of Vastus Medialis
Definition
Knee extension
Term
Semitendinosus muscle primary functions
Definition
Hip extension, knee flexion
Term
along with hip extension and knee flexion, also causes hip internal rotation, knee internal rotation, and posterior pelvic tilt when femur is stabilized
Definition
Semitendinosus
Term
Semimembranosus muscle primary functions
Definition
Hip extension and knee flexion
Term
along with hip extension and knee flexion, also involved in hip internal rotation, knee internal rotation, and posterior pelvic tilt when femur is stabilized
Definition
Semimembranosus
Term
Primary function of biceps femoris muscle
Definition
Hip extension and knee flexion
Term
along with hip extension and knee flexion, also involved in hip and knee external rotation, and posterior pelvic tilt when femur is stabilized
Definition
Biceps Femoris
Term
Primary function of popliteus muscle
Definition
Knee internal rotation
Term
along with knee internal rotation, also involved in knee flexion and is the "KEY" to the knee
Definition
Popliteus Muscle
Term
Primary function of sartorius muscle
Definition
FABER:
hip Flexion
hip ABduction
hip External Rotation
knee flexion
Term
along with FABER, also involved in anterior pelvic tilt when femur is stabilized
Definition
Sartorius
Term
Gracilis function of the knee
Definition
weak knee flexion
Term
Gastrocnemius muscle involved in what movements
Definition
Ankle plantarflexion and knee flexion
Term
Knee extension muscles
Definition
Rectus Femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Term
Knee flexion muscles
Definition
Biceps femoris (long and short)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Term
Knee internal rotation muscles
Definition
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Popliteus
Term
Knee external rotation muscles
Definition
Biceps femoris (long & short heads)
Term
What lumbar spine, and R & L hip motions occur with Pelvic anterior tilt?
Definition
LS - extension
RH - flexion
LH - flexion
Term
What lumbar spine, and R & L hip motions occur with Pelvic posterior tilt?
Definition
LS - flexion
RH - extension
LH - extension
Term
What lumbar spine, and R & L hip motions occur with Pelvic Right lateral tilt?
Definition
LS - Left lateral flexion
RH - abduction
LH - adduction
Term
What lumbar spine, and R & L hip motions occur with Pelvic Left lateral tilt?
Definition
LS - L lateral flexion
RH - adduction
LH - abduction
Term
What lumbar spine, and R & L hip motions occur with Pelvic Right rotation?
Definition
LS - L transverse rotation
RH - internal rotation
LH - external rotation
Term
What lumbar spine, and R & L hip motions occur with Pelvic Left rotation?
Definition
LS - R transverse rotation
RH - external rotation
Term
How many biarticulate muscles of the hip and what are they?
Definition
7
-Rectus femoris
-Biceps femoris
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
-Sartorius
-Gracilis
-Tensor fascia latae
Term
muscles involved in hip & pelvic girdle motions depend largely on what in relation to earth & gravitational forces?
Definition
direction of movement and position of body
Term
Movement at hips & knees is flexion, is primarily eccentric, and the control is at the hip & knee extensors for this phase of the squat
Definition
downward phase of a squat
Term
Anterior hip muscles involved in flexion
Definition
iliopsoas
pectineus
rectus femoris
sartorius
Term
posterior hip muscles involved in extension
Definition
gluteus maximus
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
external rotators
Term
medial hip muscles involved in adduction
Definition
adductor brevis
adductor longus
adductor magnus
gracilis
Term
lateral hip muscles involved in abduction
Definition
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fasciae latae
external rotators
Term
the thigh is divided into 3 compartments by what?
Definition
the intermuscular septa
Term
Anterior compartment of the thigh muscles
Definition
rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
sartorius
Term
Posterior compartment of the thigh muscles
Definition
biceps femoris
semitendinosis
semimembranosus
Term
Medial compartment of the thigh muscles
Definition
adductor brevis
adductor longus
adductor magnus
pectineus
gracilis
Term
Iliacus & psoas major muscles primary function
Definition
Hip flexion
Term
Rectus femoris muscle primary function
Definition
hip flexion and knee extension
Term
sartorius muscle primary function
Definition
hip flexion
Term
tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle primary function
Definition
Hip internal rotation
Term
Gluteus maximus muscle primary function
Definition
Hip extension and hip external rotation
Term
Gluteus medius muscle primary function
Definition
Hip abduction
Term
Gluteus minimus muscle primary function
Definition
Hip abduction
Term
Along with hip flexion, this muscle is involved in hip external rotation, and pelvic rotation towards contralateral limb when ipsilateral femur is stabilized
Definition
Iliacus & Psoas Major
Term
Along with hip flexion and knee extension, this muscle also involved in hip abduction and anterior pelvic tilt
Definition
Rectus femoris
Term
Along with hip flexion, this is also involved in hip abduction and external rotation, knee flexion, and anterior pelvic tilt
Definition
Sartorius muscle
Term
Along with hip internal rotation, this is also involved in hip flexion and abduction, and anterior pelvic tilt
Definition
Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)
Term
Along with Hip extension and external rotation, this is also involved with Hip abduction in the upper fibers, hip adductionin the lower fibers, and posterior pelvic tilt
Definition
Gluteus Maximus
Term
Along with hip abduction, its also involved in hip internal rotation and flexion for anterior fibers, hip extension and external rotation for posterior fibers and lateral pelvic tilt to ipsilateral side
Definition
Gluteus Medius
Term
Along with hip abduction, its involved in hip flexion, internal rotation as femur abducts, and lateral pelvic tilt to ipsilateral side
Definition
gluteus minimus
Term
Six deep lateral rotator muscles are?
Definition
Piriformis
Gamellus superior and inferior
Obturator externus and internus
Quadratus femoris
Term
6 deep lateral rotator muscles functions as?
Definition
Hip external rotations
Term
Semitendinosus primary function
Definition
Hip extension and knee flexion
Term
Along with hip extension and knee flexion, these muscles also involved in hip INTERNAL rotation, knee internal rotation, and posterior pelvic tilt
Definition
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Term
Semimembranosus primary function
Definition
Hip extension and knee flexion
Term
Biceps Femoris muscle primary function
Definition
Hip extension and knee flexion
Term
Along with hip extension and knee flexion, also involved in Hip and Knee EXTERNAL rotation and posterior pelvic tilt
Definition
Biceps femoris
Term
Adductor Brevis Primary and secondary function
Definition
Hip adduction (primary)
Hip internal rotation (secondary)
Term
Adductor Longus primary and secondary functions
Definition
Hip adduction (primary)
Hip flexion and external rotation (secondary)
Term
Adductor Magnus primary function
Definition
Hip adduction
Term
Along with hip adduction, upper fibers are involved in Hip external rotation, and lower fibers are involved in hip internal rotation and hip extension
Definition
Adductor Magnus muscle
Term
Primary functions of pectineus muscle
Definition
Hip adduction and flexion
Term
along with hip adduction and flexion, also involved in hip external rotation
Definition
pectineus
Term
Along with hip adduction, also involved in hip internal rotation and weak knee flexion
Definition
Gracilis
Term
Primary function of Gracilis
Definition
Hip adduction
Term
Muscles involved in Hip flexion
Definition
PRIMARY:
Psoas
Iliacus
Rectus Femoris
Pectineus
Sartorius
SECONDARY:
TFL
Term
Muscles involved in Hip Extension
Definition
Gluteus Maximus
Biceps femoris (long head)
Semitendinosus
Semimembrinosus
Term
Muscles involved in Hip Abduction
Definition
PRIMARY:
Gluteus medius
SECONDARY:
TFL
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus Minimus
Term
Muscles involved in Hip Adduction
Definition
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Term
Muscles involved in Hip internal rotation
Definition
PRIMARY:
TFL
SECONDARY:
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Term
Muscles involved in Hip external rotation
Definition
Gluteus Maximus
Deep 6
Term
Pronation of the foot is a combination of?
Definition
ankle dorsiflexion
subtalar eversion
forefoot abduction (toe-out)
Term
Supination of the foot is a combo of?
Definition
ankle plantarflexion
subtalar inversion
forefoot adduction (toe-in)
Term
how many muscle compartments of the foot
Definition
4
Term
4 compartments of the leg and what they do
Definition
Anterior compartment - dorsiflexors
Lateral compartment - evertors
Superficial posterior compartment -plantarflexors
Deep posterior compartment - plantarflexors & invertors (tom, dick and harry)
Term
Plantar flexors
Definition
-Gastroc
-Flexor digitorum longus
-Flexor Hallucis longus
-Peroneus (fibularis) longus
-Peroneus (fibularis) brevis
-Plantaris
-Soleus
-Tibialis Posterior
Term
Dorsiflexors
Definition
-tibialis anterior
-peroneus (fibularis) tertius
-extensor digitorum longus
-extensor hallucis longus
Term
Evertors
Definition
-peroneus (fibularis) longus
-peroneus (fibularis) brevis
-peroneus (fibularis) tertius
-extensor digitorum longs
Term
Invertors
Definition
-tibialis anterior
-tibialis posterior
-flexor digitorum longus
-flexor hallucis longus
Term
Anterior compartment of leg
Definition
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus (fibularis) tertius
Term
Lateral compartment of leg
Definition
Peroneus (fibularis) longus
Peroneus (fibularis) brevis
Term
Deep posterior compartment of leg
Definition
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior
Term
Superficial posterior compartment
Definition
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Term
Medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius originate where?
Definition
femoral condyles
Term
Primary function of gastroc
Definition
Ankle plantarflexion
Term
along with plantarflexion, helps with knee flexion
Definition
Gastroc
Term
Primary function of soleus
Definition
ankle plantar flexion
Term
Primary function of Peroneus longus (fibularis) muscle
Definition
Foot eversion
Forefoot abduction
Term
along with foot eversion and forefoot abduction, also assists with ankle plantarflexion
Definition
Peroneus longus (fibularis) muscle
Term
Primary function of Peroneus Brevis (fibularis) muscle
Definition
Foot eversion
Term
Along with foot eversion, also assists with ankle plantarflexion
Definition
Pernoeus brevis (fibularis) muscle
Term
Primary function of Peroneus Tertius (fibularis) muscle
Definition
Ankle dorsifleion
Foot eversion
Term
Primary function of Extensor digitorum longus muscle
Definition
-Extension of 4 lesser toes at MTP, PIP, DIP
-Foot eversion
Term
Along with extension of 4 lesser toes at MTP, PIP, and DIP joints, and foot eversion, also involved with ankle dorsiflexion
Definition
Extensor digitorum longus
Term
Primary function of Extensor Hallucis longus
Definition
-Extension of great toe at MTP, and IP joints
-Forefoot adduction
Term
along with extension of great toe at MTP, and IP joints and forefoot adduction, assists with ankle dorsiflexion, and weak foot inversion
Definition
Extensor hallucis longus
Term
Primary function of Tibialis anterior muscle
Definition
ankle dorsiflexion
foot inversion
Term
Primary function of Tibialis posterior
Definition
Foot eversion
Term
along with foot eversion, assists with ankle plantarflexion
Definition
Tibialis posterior muscle
Term
Primary function of Flexor digitorum longus muscle
Definition
Flexion of 4 lesser toes at MTP, PIP, and DIP joints
Term
along with flexion of 4 lesser toes, also assists with ankle plantarflexion and foot inversion
Definition
flexor digitorum longus muscle
Term
Primary function of Flexor Hallucis longus
Definition
-Flexion of great toe at MTP, and IP joints
-forefoot adduction
Term
along with flexion of great toe and forefoot adduction, assists with ankle plantarflexion and foot inversion
Definition
Flexor hallucis longus
Term
Ankle dorsal Flexion muscles:
Definition
PRIMARY:
Tibialis anterior
Peroneus tertius
SECONDARY:
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Term
Ankle plantarflexion
Definition
gastroc
soleus
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
plantaris
Term
transverse tarsal & subtalar inversion
Definition
-tibialis anterior
-tibialis posterior
-flexor digitorum longus
-flexor hallucis longus
Term
Transverse tarsal & subtalar eversion
Definition
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Peroneus longus
-Peroneus brevis
-Peroneus tertius
Term
Toe flexors
Definition
-flexor hallucis longus
-flexor digitorum longus
Term
Toe extensors
Definition
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Term
4 plantar compartments of the intrinsic muscles of the foot
Definition
-Superficial layer
-2nd layer
-3rd layer
-Deep layer
Term
intrinsic muscles divided into which 5 areas
Definition
4 plantar compartments
dorsal layer
Term
Superficial layer of intrinsic muscles include what?
Definition
abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi
Term
Second layer of intrinsic muscle include what?
Definition
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricales (4)
Term
Third layer of intrinsic muscle include what?
Definition
Flexor hallicus brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Term
Deep layer of intrinsic muscles of the foot include?
Definition
Plantar interossei (3)
Dorsal interossei (4)
Term
Dorsal layer of the intrinsic muscles include?
Definition
Extensor digitorum brevis
Term
4 muscles that act on the great toe
Definition
Abductor hallucis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis
Term
Function of abductor hallucis
Definition
-abduction of great toe
-assist flexor hallucis brevis in flexing great toe at MTP joint
Term
Function of adductor hallucis
Definition
adduction & flexion of MTP joint of great toe
Term
Function of flexor hallucis brevis
Definition
flexion of MTP joint of great toe
Term
Function of extensor digitorum brevis
Definition
-extension of great toe at MTP joint
-extension of MTP, PIP, & DIP joints of 3 medial lesser toes
Term
Function of the 4 lumbricales of the foot
Definition
flexion of the lesser toes at MTP joints
Term
Function of the 3 plantar interossei
Definition
Adduction fo the MTP joints of 3 lateral lesser toes
Term
Function of the 4 dorsal interossei
Definition
-Adduction of the MTP joint of 2nd toe
-Abduction of the MTP joints of the lesser toes
-Flexion of MTP joints of the lesser 4 toes
-Extension of the DIP & PIP joints of the lesser 4 toes
Term
Function of the Quadratus Plantae
Definition
flexion of the DIP joints of the lesser toes
Term
Function of the flexor digitorum brevis
Definition
flexion of the MTP and PIP joints of the lesser toes
Term
Which two muscles act ONLY on the pink toe
Definition
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digit minimi brevis
Term
Function of the Abductor digiti minimi
Definition
Abduction and flexion of the MTP joint of the little toe
Term
Function of the flexor digiti minimi brevis
Definition
flexion of the MTP joint of the little toe
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