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Imperialism & WWI
N/A
21
History
10th Grade
03/05/2012

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Term
Saving the World
Definition
At home-progressives
Abroad- Imperialists
Term
Imperialism
Definition
(1890-Early 1900)
any time a stronger nation takes advantage of a weaker nation for its own econ, polit, military purposes
Term
Pre-1894 (4)
Definition
Many say US was opposed to imperialism throughout our history
1. Revolutionary War
2. Washington's Farewell- no foreign entanglements
3. Monroe doctrine-1823-Britain couldn't take back lands in America (1815-end of Napoleonic War)
4. Cleveland-Hawaii Speech-1893-stronger nation shouldn't overtake a weaker one
-noble actions, noble sentiments...issues? Natives
Term
What factors cause us to shift to imperialism? (1893 to 1898) (3)
Definition
1. 1890 Census- frontier closed (no more expansion in West)
2. Raw materials/new markets
-1893- depression- 20% unemployment
-2 x more industrial goods
-3 x more farm goods
3. Alfred Thayer Mahan- The Influence of Sea Power Upon History
-we needed:
--bigger navy-The Great White fleets
--coaling stations (naval bases)-Pacific, Caribbean
--Canal in Central America (Panama)
Term
The means by which we acquired an Empire (4)
Definition
Causes:
1. Cuban Revolution- guerilla war (hit and run war b/c one side lacks man power)
2. Yellow Journalism (Hearst v Pulitzer)-Sensational Journalism
3. deLome letter-criticized McKinley
4. US's Maine-blown up by a flaw in the boiler room, but Americans believed it was by the Spanish
Term
War Declared (?)
Definition
April 1898
Term
War Won (?)
Definition
August 1898
Term
Results of War (?) (2)
Definition
hero- T.R, Rough Riders (their horses were lost and were late to the blowout)
Treaty of Paris 1898
Term
Treaty of Paris 1898
Definition
US gets: Philippines $20 mil, Guam, Puerto Rico, Cuban "independence"
Passes by 1 vote
Bill to debate P indep.
outcome? fails only because VP votes against
Term
How we run our Empire
Definition
Colonial Possesions: Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines
Pattern set in Puerto Rico- Foraker Act
Term
Foraker Act
Definition
achived: 4 step process-
1. Military governor
2. US appointed upper house and governor
3. US governor Natives-both houses
4. Common wealth status- elect all gov bodies, all domestic legislation. US maintains central foreign- trade/defense
5.Independence 1946- Ph (?)
Term
Non-colonial Imperial action
Definition
Cuba
-US forced them to add Platt Amend
-Cuba could not go into debt to a foreign nation
--US didn't want foreign nations so that they could manipulate Cuba
-Cannot make treaties w/foreign nations
-Cuba must give US a naval station
-US reserves the right to intervene
China
-Open door notes
1. John Hay- Sec state- China must remain open trade to all nations
Nicaragua-
-borrowed from US- to build RR
-US troops took over ports/customs, run RR until repaid
Term
Non-colonial imperial actions
Definition
Nicaragua-
-dollar diplomacy- US would intervene to protect American investments abroad
-Roosevelt Corollary- (Addition to Monroe Doctrine (1823))
--US would protect interests in West Hemishpere w/ force if needed (policeman)
Mexico- missionary diplomacy
-US will intervene for moral reasons
-Huerta's violent rise to power (overthrow of Diaz)
-US sent troops to Mexico to crush revolution led by Villa, Zapata
Panama Canal- TR
-coup v Columbia w/ US help
-lease to build and operate for 99 years
(A Man A Plan A Canal Panama (movie))
Term
World War I
Definition
1914-1918 (11-11-18 11:00 AM)
Term
The Grand Illusion
Definition
-1910
-Book by Norman Angell
-Proposed that war was not going to happen due to the interconnected nature of Europe (folly to engage in war)
Term
4 Reasons why Europe wouldn't go to war
Definition
1. Economic Interdependence- Bank of England
2. Culturally- cross pollination of international works in literature, language, philosophy, and science
3. Communication- international organ. to facilitate use of new technologies
4. Family Ties- Queen Victoria and her 9 grandchildren
Term
Causes of War (4)
Definition
1. Imperialism- Germany wants colonies
2. Militarism- need for weapons to obtain colonies
3. Alliances-
-Triple Entente- England, Russia, France
-Triple Alliance- Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy
4. Nationalism- provides spark for war- advance cause of nation at any expense
-A-H was a multi-national state- Austrians, Hungarians, Serbs, Czechs, Slovaks, Slavs, Croats, Kosoravs, Slovenes
Term
Economic Changes by WWI (6)
Definition
-Wages up 20%
-Costs doubled
-industrial profits skyrocketed
-union membership soars (no strikes til after war)
-income taxes up
--war profits tax
--excise taxes
-farmers added 40 million acres
Term
Political Changes by WWI (8)
Definition
-Fed gov expands in size/power
-Espionage & Sedition Acts
-Food Administration (Hoover)
-War Industries Board (WIB Barwch)
-Committee on Public Information (Creed)(4 min men)
--bonds
--conserve
--enlist
-War Labor Board
-RR & Fuel Administrations
-Shenk V US (kept Debs in jail)
Term
Social Changes by WWI (2)
Definition
-Great Migration- Af. Am moved North for Ford's factories
-Women-
--job opportunities
--19th Amendment- right to vote
--18th Amendment- Prohibition
Term
Causes of WWI-14 pts- Treaty of Versailles
Definition
-Imperialism- Free Trade (no tariff, etc)- Germany lost colonies
-Militarism- dramatic arms reduction- decimated German military only
-Alliances- not much-nothing
-Nationalism-the right of self-determination, colonized people get say in gov, new boundaries-self-determination (4 leaders redraw world map),
losers? Russia, A-H, Germany, Ottomans
*new nations- Poland, Czech, Lithuania, etc (know w/ locations!)
-Unrestricted sub Warfare- Freedom of Seas
-Zimmerman Telegram- no secret treaties
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