Imperialism Causes

Five Motives for Imperialism. Various motives prompt empires to seek to expand their rule over other countries or territories. These include economic, exploratory, ethnocentric, political, and religious motives.

Various motives prompt empires to seek to expand their rule over other countries or territories. These include economic, exploratory, ethnocentric, political, and religious motives.

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Social Darwinism

He perceived that Darwinism attributed too much to accident, and was also powerless to explain the origin of life and of consciousness.

the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform.

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Nationalism

That impatience of authority to which we owe the Renaissance, the Reformation and the birth of Nationalism, is not stilled by the downfall of Aristotle as the nomen appellativum of the schools.

patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts.

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Colonialism

Little, however, has been done to utilize the deposits, the demands of the colonial markets being extremely limited.

the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

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Paternalism

The principal’s paternalism is necessary because it limits the actions of rebellious students.

the policy or practice on the part of people in positions of authority of restricting the freedom and responsibilities of those subordinate to them in the subordinates' supposed best interest.

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Protectorate

 During Somerset's protectorate he entered public life and was made a secretary of state, being sent on an important diplomatic mission to Brussels.

the position or period of office of a Protector, especially that in England of Oliver and Richard Cromwell.

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Sphere of influence

They see the region as their natural sphere of influence due to their historical links and a shared language.

a country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.

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Direct Rule

an Example of direct rule is in Burma.

a system of government in which a province is controlled by a central government.

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Indirect Rule

The group specially described as indirect taxes includes those on alcohol, wine, beer, cider and other alcoholic drinks, on passenger and goods traffic by railway, on licences to distillers, spirit-sellers, &c., on salt and on sugar of home manufacture.

a system of government of one nation by another in which the governed people retain certain administrative, legal, and other powers.

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Scramble for Africa

Until, however, the "scramble for Africa" began in 1884, they possessed no fort or settlement on the coast to the north of Ambriz, which was first occupied in 1855.

The "Scramble for Africa" was the occupation, division, and colonization of African territory by European powers during the period of New Imperialism, between 1881 and 1914.

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"Dark Continent"

They called Africa the "Dark Continent" because when you look at the continent it is mostly dark.

Africa considered as mysterious, especially to Europeans and people of European descent, chiefly when its interior was largely unknown to them.

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Berlin Conference

Other European powers acknowledged Britain's power over the area in the 1885 Berlin Conference.

The Berlin Conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism  period, and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power.

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Boer War

Historians have always called it the Boer War, or the Anglo-Boer War.

The Second Boer War, known variously as the Boer War, Anglo-Boer War, South African War or Anglo-Boer South African War, started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902.

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Slave Trade

In the 17th century, the people of Togo were subjected to what has been called the cruellest slave trade in history.

The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly from Africa to the Americas, and then their sale there.

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Apartheid

Apartheid was discrimination against Africans based on skin color or ethnicity.

Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa between 1948 and 1991. 

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Westernize

Westernization traces its roots back to Ancient Greece, where the concepts of arts and democracy first took hold.

cause (a country, person, or system) to adopt or be influenced by the cultural, economic, or political systems of Europe and North America.

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Humanitarian

Above all he was instrumental in framing the new criminal code, based on more humanitarian principles, which was issued in 1835.

concerned with or seeking to promote human welfare.

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Dr. Livingstone

Blantyre Works (pop. 1683) was the birthplace of David Livingstone (1813-1873) and his brother Charles (1821-1873), who as lads were both employed as piecers in a local cotton-mill.

David Livingstone was a Scottish Christian Congregationalist, pioneer medical missionary with the London Missionary Society, an explorer in Africa, and one of the most popular British heroes of the late-19th-century in the Victorian era.

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Henry Stanley

Sir Henry Morton Stanley, GCB was a Welsh-American journalist and explorer who was famous for his exploration of central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone.

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Rudyard Kipling

Joseph Rudyard Kipling was an English journalist, short-story writer, poet, and novelist. Kipling's works of fiction include The Jungle Book, Kim, and many short stories, including "The Man Who Would Be King".

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Leopold II reigned as the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909 and became known for the founding and exploitation of the Congo Free State as a private venture.

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Emperor Menelik II GCB, GCMG, baptized as Sahle Maryam, was Negus of Shewa, then Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 to his death.

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Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

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Paul Rusesabagina is a Rwandan humanitarian who, while working as a concierge at the Hôtel des Mille Collines in Kigali, hid and protected 1,268 Hutu and Tutsi refugees from the Interahamwe militia during the Rwandan Genocide.

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Hutus

Hutu The Hutu , also known as the Abahutu, are a population inhabiting the African Great Lakes region.

The Hutu, also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to African Great Lakes region of Africa, primarily area now under Burundi and Rwanda.

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Tutsis

They carried out the Rwandan Genocide acts against the Tutsis in 1994.

The Tutsi, or Abatutsi, are an ethnic group inhabiting the African Great Lakes region. Historically, they were often referred to as the Watutsi, Watusi, Wahuma, Wahima or the Wahinda.

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Resources

Being markedly superior to Louis in political resource, military talent and energy.

a stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or organization in order to function effectively.

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Xenophobia

If xenophobia did not exist, racism would not exist because people would not dislike others because of their differences.

intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries.

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Genocide

As a result of genocide in the small nation, thousands of children have now become homeless orphans.

the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.

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Justify

you have to justify your answers in math.

Culture

Of recent years great strides have been made in the culture of new varieties of water-lilies in the open air.

the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively.

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Civilization

The chapter on civilization describes humanity's progress through the years and the importance of it.

Popular usage defines "civilization" along these lines: "an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry and government have been reached."

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