Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Immunity
Chapter 21 Immunity
29
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
03/04/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the body's first line of defense
Definition
External body membranes such as skin and mucosae
Term
What are involved in the body's second line of defense?
Definition
Antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes and other cells
Term
What are the 5 internal defenses associated with the innate defense system
Definition
Phagocytes
NK cells
Inflammation
Antimicrobial proteins
Fever
Term
__________ is resistant to weak acids and bases, bacterial enzymes and toxins
Definition
Keratin
Term
Protective chemicals that inhibit or destroy microorganisms
Definition
Skin acidity
Lipids
Dermcidin in sweat
HCL
Protein digesting enzymes of stomach
Lysozyme of saliva and lacrimal fluid
Mucus
Term
Function of Cilia of Upper respiratory tract
Definition
sweep dust and bacteria laden mucus from lower respiratory passages.
Term
5 cardinal signs of Inflammation
Definition
1. Redness
2. Heat
3. Swelling
4. Pain
5. Sometimes loss of function
Term
What are two Antimicrobial Proteins
Definition
Interferons and complement proteins
Term
What is the abbreviation for interferons?
Definition
IFN
Term
What do Interferons and complement proteins do?
Definition
Attack Microorganisms directly
Hinder microorganisms ability to reproduce
Term
Where do IFNs (interferons) come from
Definition
viral infected cells secrete them
Term
Where do IFNs go after being released form a viral infected cell?
What is their function
Definition
Neighboring cells
They cause the neighboring cell to produce antiviral proteins that block viral reproduction
Term
What does PKR do?
Definition
Prevents virus proteins from being assembled
Term
How many complement blood proteins circulate in inactive form?
Definition
20
Term
What amplifies all aspects of the inflammatory response?
Definition
Complement
Term
How does complement kill other cell types
Definition
cell lysis
Term
Which pathway links innate to adaptive immunity?
Definition
the classical pathway
Term
How does the classical pathway link the innate to the adaptive?
Definition
Antibodies form the adaptive bind to invading organism.
C1 from the innate binds to the antigen-antibody complexes and cause the antigen to die
Term
What 3 effects does an activated complement have?
Definition
Enhances Inflammation
Promotes phagocytosis
Causes cell lysis
Term
What does MAC stand for?
What does MAC do?
Definition
Membrane attack complex
MAC causes cell lysis by inducing a massive influx of water
Term
What is the purpose of opsonization?
Definition
it coats pathogen surfaces which enhance phagocytosis
Term
What are the three main things triggered by complement activation
Definition
Inflammation, Cytolysis, and Opsonization
Term
What does CPR stand for?
What is CPR used to assess?
Definition
C-reactive Protein
acute infection
inflammatory condition
Term
Which compliment protein coats bacteria for opsonization
Definition
C3
Term
What two cells secrete pyrogens when exposed to foreign substances?
Definition
Leukocytes and Macrophages
Term
What is the function of pyrogens?
Definition
they tell the body temperature to rise
Term
What are the positive elements of a fever?
Definition
Cause the liver and spleen to o confiscate iron and zinc
Increase metabolic rate
Decrease ability of bacteria/virus to replicate
Term
What does asprin inhibit?
Definition
prostaglandin E
Term
What is pyrogen also known as
What does pyrogen do
Definition
interleukin 1
stimulates the hypothalmic to secrete prostaglandin E
Supporting users have an ad free experience!